{"title":"A comparison of the changes in the patterns of the usage and categorization of the classifier ‘ben 本’ in Korean, Chinese, and Japanese","authors":"Jeong-a Jo","doi":"10.1177/2513850221981772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850221981772","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the common features and differences in how the Chinese-character classifier ‘ben 本’ is used in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese, and will explore the factors that have affected the categorization processes and patterns of the classifier ‘ben 本.’ Consideration of the differences in the patterns of usage and categorization of the same Chinese classifier in different languages enables us to look into the perception of the world and the socio cultural differences inherent in each language, the differences in the perception of Chinese characters, and the relationship between classifiers.","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"3 1 1","pages":"43 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79641713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A preliminary study of the stone Avatamsaka Sutra in Korea","authors":"Kyoo-Kap Lee","doi":"10.1177/2513850221991694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850221991694","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a study of the stone Avatamsaka Sutra(華嚴石經)in Korea. The stone Avatamsaka Sutra is all fragmented and preserved, which is not only of religious value, but also a very important resource for the research of the graphic forms of the characters at the time. Therefore, in this paper, I would like to examine the value of this stone Avatamsaka Sutra in various aspects.","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":"3 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88339296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new perspective on hanzi: Based upon \u2028the multi-dialectical analysis of the Four \u2028Ways of Writing","authors":"Guk-jo Jeon","doi":"10.1177/2513850221991695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850221991695","url":null,"abstract":"This work is, most of all, designed to wrestle with taken-for-granted explanations as to how hanzi is composed and in what ways the composition the Four Ways of Writing (四書) can be analysed. Beginning with posing a self-reflective question on the academic identities of us, the hanzi civilisation researchers, and looking for a possible answer to it within the context of an Eagletonian conceptualisation of human animality or creatureliness, the work then methodologises the multi-dialectical analysis by virtue of méta-linguistique, transduction, and abstraction concreté. The full-scale analysis of the Four Ways of Writing comes next, taking four steps: first, synthesising the existing definitions, explanations and interpretations of them; second, abstracting the synthesis up to the multi-dialectical analysis; third, introducing a topology of the Four Ways of Writing; and fourth, analysing characters related to and expanding from two radical characters of 門 and 刀 with the aid of a dynamics of trialectics between the form, sound and meaning. Resting upon all the analyses performed, the work suggests the following conclusion. Amongst hanzi’s main characteristics is morphographicality (表形性), still the most distinctive within the analytical framework of the Four Ways of Writing. It is the very form of hanzi, as a matter of fact, that also turns out to be multi-dialectical: first, that which constitutes writing as the character trialectically related with both the sound and meaning; second, that which characterises writing as écriture of the dialectical relationship between human beings and nature; and last, that which dialectically elucidates who we are and what we are capable of.","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"60 1","pages":"15 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80265620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on vocabulary related to modern postal systems in East Asia","authors":"Woo-sun Shin","doi":"10.1177/2513850221995264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850221995264","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the modern postal system, this essay tracks the current usage of vocabulary and the process of change in each region of East Asia. To start with, it confirms the synchronic distribution pattern of postal terms in East Asia through local laws. It then examines the background of the creation of 郵便 (yûbin) in Japan as a new modern word in terms of institutional and linguistic history. It highlights, in this regard, the Japanese specificity behind the birth of the modern term 郵便, investigating how the term has been accepted in other East Asian regions such as China and Korea. Finally, it summarizes the following findings: first, through a linguistic phenomenon that can be accounted for by a theory called character-morphemes, 便 (bin, tayori). In Japanese this came to acquire the meaning of ‘letter’ and ‘communication means’ which would not have existed when it had been initially passed down from China. Second, in modern Chinese, the word 郵便 (yóubiàn) did not have the vitality to overwhelm other competing vocabulary in situations where such Japanese meanings were not shared; and last, in Korea, on the other hand, a branch similar to Japan existed in the usage of the word 便 (phyen) before modern times. Such a tendency, in fact, induced the acceptance of the new modern term 郵便 (wuphyen).","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"46 1","pages":"63 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83738101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study of the cognitive function of Chinese characters based on the semiotics of \u2028writing","authors":"Hyoun-Cheol Shim","doi":"10.1177/2513850221990441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850221990441","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to critique phonocentrism based on linguistic signs and explores the cognitive functions of Chinese characters through semiotic concepts and approaches. From the semiotics of writing, this paper suggests a model of Chinese characters’ perceptive cognition which works on schema of character codes and signification. This model logically demonstrates the process by which consumers recognize Chinese orthographic signs and associate with certain meanings. This paper also analyzes the process of signification performed by consumers in the Sinosphere. Specifically examining some cases of branding strategies by Chinese and Korean companies, it endeavors to test the efficacy of the model by applying it to the model for perception cognitive of Chinese character. This study aims at expanding the discursive space for the incorporation of convergence theory and methodology. Presenting a semiotic model of sensory perception, the paper attempts to contribute to the establishment of semiotics based on Chinese characters which display eminent iconic, symbolic and cognitive functions.","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"150 1","pages":"31 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79890657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study on East-Asian designations of \u2028pufferfish","authors":"Hyun-suk Kwak","doi":"10.1177/2513850221980066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850221980066","url":null,"abstract":"In ancient Korea, pufferfish were called “복” or “복어,” whereas they have been called “hétún” (河豚) since the Ming dynasty in China, and were called “fugu” in ancient Japan. Since the introduction of the Chinese term “hétún” (河豚) into Korean and Japanese, pufferfish in Korea, China, and Japan have all been named “河豚.” Besides “하돈” (the Korean pronunciation of 河豚), pufferfish have been given various designations, such as the following: “후태” (鯸鮐) or “반어” (斑魚) based upon body patterns; “후이” (鯸鮧)” or “호이” (鰗鮧) by shape; and \u2028“기포어” (氣泡魚), “취두어” (吹肚魚), and “布久” by the look of its swollen belly. Other designations, such as “검돈” (黔魨), “작돈” (鵲魨), “활돈” (滑魨), “とらふぐ,” “からす,” and “ヒガンフグ,” were derived from pufferfish species, and designations like “진어” (嗔鱼) and “てっぽう” that originated from their habit also exist. As above, “복어” has various designations in each of the three countries, Korea, China, and Japan. These designations, composed of Chinese characters, influenced the others, and each country and ethnic group helped to form or transform new vocabularies. In particular, numerous terms concerning object designations in the forms of Chinese characters reveal hidden definitions of the ethnic groups and cultures in these designations. This study is focused on puffer designations in Korea, China, and Japan, how the puffer was named in each country from ancient through to modern times, and where the designations originated, and tries to determine the characteristics of each country’s puffer designations through investigation of the species and types of “pufferfish.”","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"34 1","pages":"77 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75737944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of The Cognitive Analysis of Shuowen","authors":"Yang Zhou","doi":"10.1177/2513850220967453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850220967453","url":null,"abstract":"The Cognitive Analysis of Shuowen《说文》认知分析 (Zang, 2019), which was known as A Cultural Interpretation on Shuowen Jiezi1《说文解字》的文化说解 in its first edition and was classified into philosophical psychology in some bookstores, has been one of the most highly cited books on Chinese philology since its publication. Huang Ronghua, head of the teaching and research section of the Chinese High School Affiliated to Fudan University, said in his Be A Lamplighter of Chinese Culture (Huang, 2017: 74):","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"23 1","pages":"325 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72937256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep learning for fast bronze inscription image retrieval","authors":"Ziyang Wang, Wei Zheng, Youguang Chen","doi":"10.1177/2513850220964956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850220964956","url":null,"abstract":"Collections of bronze inscription images are increasing rapidly. To use these images efficiently, we proposed an effective content-based image retrieval framework using deep learning. Specifically, we extract discriminative local features for image retrieval using the activations of the convolutional neural network and binarize the extracted features for improving the efficiency of image retrieval, firstly. Then, we use the cosine metric and Euclidean metric to calculate the similarity between the query image and dataset images. The result shows that the proposed framework has an impressive accuracy.","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"291 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80965866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Japanese’s quasi-characters and their representation on computer systems","authors":"A. Bossard","doi":"10.1177/2513850220950021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850220950021","url":null,"abstract":"Japanese’s quasi-characters iejirushi, literally ‘house sign’, are traditional marks or logos for companies in Japan. In most cases, they involve one or a few Japanese characters, combined with other, various, non-character symbols. For different reasons as explained in this article, quasi-characters have been ignored by character encodings such as unifying ones like Unicode or local standards like JIS X 0213, and thus pose an information representation issue for computer systems. In this paper, building on previous works, we first conduct a detailed ontological analysis of Japanese’s quasi-characters in order to identify their characteristics, especially their contents and structures. This is a major part of this work. Second, we derive from this ontological discussion possible representation methods for computer systems and conduct some experiments. The experimental results show significant improvements with respect to quality, practicability and flexibility over conventional approaches.","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"33 1","pages":"313 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81618150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tingzhu Chen, Yao Qian, Jingyu Pei, Shaoteng Wu, Jiang Wu, Lin Li, Jung-Yueh Tu
{"title":"A study on encoding-based oracle bone script recognition","authors":"Tingzhu Chen, Yao Qian, Jingyu Pei, Shaoteng Wu, Jiang Wu, Lin Li, Jung-Yueh Tu","doi":"10.1177/2513850220952890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2513850220952890","url":null,"abstract":"Oracle bone script recognition (OBSR) has been a fundamental problem in research on oracle bone scripts for decades. Despite being intensively studied, existing OBSR methods are still subject to limitations regarding recognition accuracy, speed and robustness. Furthermore, the dependency of these methods on expert knowledge hinders the adoption of OBSR systems by the general public and also discourages social outreach of research outputs. Addressing these issues, this study proposes an encoding-based OBSR system that applies image pre-processing techniques to encode oracle images into small matrices and recognize oracle characters in the encoding space. We tested our methods on a collection of oracle bones from the Yin Ruins in XiaoTun village, and achieved a high accuracy rate of 99% within a time range of milliseconds.","PeriodicalId":36639,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Writing Systems","volume":"56 1","pages":"281 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82755807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}