C. Carr, Yeweon Kim, Jacob J. Valov, J. Rosenbaum, Benjamin K. Johnson, Jeffrey T. Hancock, A. Gonzales
{"title":"An Explication of Identity Shift Theory: Getting Our Shift Together","authors":"C. Carr, Yeweon Kim, Jacob J. Valov, J. Rosenbaum, Benjamin K. Johnson, Jeffrey T. Hancock, A. Gonzales","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000314","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. First articulated in 2008, the concept of identity shift refers to the process of self-transformation that is the result of intentional self-presentation in a mediated context. As research into identity shift has become increasingly prevalent, our understanding of the concept’s mechanisms and constraints has become more detailed and in depth. We now have a greater understanding of the process and limitations of identity shift: an understanding sufficient to begin articulating a theory of identity shift that explains and predicts the intrapersonal effects of mediated self-presentations. The present work advances such a theory. We begin by summarizing and synthesizing extant identity shift work – including published articles, presented manuscripts, and unpublished research – to better understand the identity shift process. We then use this synthesis to articulate an initial theory (identity shift theory; IST) that specifies the processes, conditions, constraints, and effects of identity shift based on personal, psychological, and communicative characteristics. Ultimately, the advancement of identity shift theory can inform future research and practice into the implications of online self-presentation for self-effects.","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126158875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Social Online-Self-Regulation-Theory: A Review of Self-Regulation in Social Media","authors":"Phillip Ozimek, J. Förster","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000304","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This review aims, first, to introduce a novel theory for social media use, the so-called social online self-regulation theory (SOS-T) by embedding it into an exhaustive literature review, second, to present correlational as well as experimental evidence for the model from our own lab and beyond, and, third, to discuss self-regulatory variables correlated with social networking site (SNS) use reflecting self-regulatory processes such as social comparisons and age, social comparison orientation and materialism, grandiose, and vulnerable narcissism, self-esteem, and depressive tendencies, and, finally, SNS use and emotion regulation. We will also suggest future studies and discuss differences and similarities of more private SNS use (e.g., Facebook, Instagram, or Snapchat) to other SNSs, such as the business-oriented SNS XING.","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126495860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inspiring, Regulating, Multitasking, Modeling, and Shifting: Moving Media Psychology Forward Through Theoretical Innovation","authors":"C. Klimmt, N. Bowman","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124268762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wisnu Wiradhany, Susanne E. Baumgartner, Anique de Bruin
{"title":"Exploitation-Exploration Model of Media Multitasking","authors":"Wisnu Wiradhany, Susanne E. Baumgartner, Anique de Bruin","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/a000303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000303","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Media multitasking has been long considered as a distraction, as something that is inherently negative or irrational. Yet, casual observations and study findings indicate that in the current permanently online, permanently connected society, people still media multitask frequently, sometimes in spite of their knowledge of the costs. In this article, we introduce the exploitation–exploration model of media multitasking (EEMMM), which proposes that media multitasking occurs as a natural part of the waxing and waning of our task engagement: When primary task engagement (exploitation) begins to wane, alternative tasks become more attractive (exploration). In the first part of this paper, we delineate the limitations of the current perspective of media multitasking as a distraction. The second part provides an exposition for our model: What defines behavior exploitation and exploration, and why maintaining an optimal trade-off between the two is important; the everyday, media-related cues for exploiting and exploring; and the neurobiological evidence of a brain system that supports the transition from exploitation to exploration. Lastly, we show how our approach may explain why people media multitask spontaneously and in spite of their knowledge of the costs, and why not all media multitaskers are able to multitask optimally. We conclude the paper with an agenda for future media multitasking research based on the proposed framework.","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115607837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coltan Scrivner, M. Andersen, uffe Schjødt, Mathias Clasen
{"title":"The Psychological Benefits of Scary Play in Three Types of Horror Fans","authors":"Coltan Scrivner, M. Andersen, uffe Schjødt, Mathias Clasen","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/sdxe6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/sdxe6","url":null,"abstract":"Why do people seek out frightening leisure activities such as horror films and haunted attractions, and does the experience benefit them in any way? In this article, we address these questions through two separate studies. In Study 1, we asked American horror fans (n = 256) why they like horror and identified three overall types of horror fans which we term “Adrenaline Junkies,” “White Knucklers,” and “Dark Copers.” In Study 2, we collected data from Danish visitors at a haunted house attraction (n = 258) and replicated the findings from Study 1 by identifying the same three types of horror fans. Furthermore, we show that these three types of horror fans report distinct benefits from horror experiences. Adrenaline Junkies reported immediate enjoyment, White Knucklers reported personal growth, and Dark Copers reported both. These results suggest that frightening leisure activities are not just an outlet for Adrenaline Junkies and sensation-seekers, but that the allure of horror has as much to do with its potential as a stimulus for personal growth as it has with enjoyment.","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128853166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Media Posting Anxiety: Interpersonal Trust, Fear of Negative Evaluation, and Hurt Feeling Proneness as Predictors","authors":"R. Shabahang, M. Aruguete, Hyejin Shim","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/A000300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/A000300","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Although many studies have shown the association between anxiety and use of social media, the extant literature has not investigated social media posting anxiety, or fears associated with sharing online content. The current study reports the development of a brief self-report questionnaire addressing social media posting anxiety. In addition, we examine psychological predictors of social media posting anxiety. The findings demonstrate good content validity for the Social Media Posting Anxiety Questionnaire (SMPAQ; S-CVI/Avg: .89; mean CVRs: .90). Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 6-item SMPAQ measured a single dimension, accounting for 49.90% of the explained variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed support for this one-factor model. Internal consistency was established using inter-item correlation, corrected item-total correlation, and Cronbach’s α. Low interpersonal trust, high fear of negative evaluation, and high proneness to hurt feelings were associated with high social media posting anxiety. Notably, social media posting anxiety was a predictor of unwillingness to post in social media platforms. Our results support the SMPAQ as a promising measure that can facilitate better understanding of the role of anxiety in social media posting.","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133766658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Binge-Watching, Self-Determination, and Well-Being: A Partially Successful Direct Replication and Extension of","authors":"Elena Erdmann, T. Dienlin","doi":"10.31235/osf.io/asfbz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/asfbz","url":null,"abstract":"Binge-watching is a highly relevant new media phenomenon. An increasing number of people watch multiple episodes of their favorite series online, a process often spanning several hours. Granow et al. (2018) showed that binge-watching is accompanied by both positive as well as negative psychological experiences. Because it is one of the most important studies on the topic, we conducted a direct replication of Granow et al. (2018). We also extended the original study by including additional variables derived from self-determination theory. We conducted an online questionnaire with 668 respondents. Results showed that we could not reproduce the exact model that was reported. We also needed to adapt several of the originally tested measures to achieve satisfactory model fit. After introducing these changes, results showed that we replicated 67 percent of all effects in terms of significance (i.e., originally significant effects were also significant in the replication, and vice versa). When looking at effect size (i.e., originally reported effects fell into the replication’s 95% confidence interval), we replicated 42 percent. Together, our study represents a partial replication of Granow et al. (2018). In our extension, we found two further positive links between binge-watching and well-being: Binge-watching was associated not only with greater autonomy, but also with increased feelings of competence and relatedness. Competence and relatedness were related to increased well-being, which included vitality, recovery experience, and media enjoyment. In line with Granow et al. (2018), we find that binge-watching is related to self-determined media use and improved psychological well-being.","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123553759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Humorous Posts Influence Engagement With Political Posts on Social Media: The Role of Political Involvement","authors":"Raffael Heiss","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/A000297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/A000297","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Individuals frequently process political posts on social media in the context of humorous, non-political posts, which research suggests may stimulate or dampen their engagement with the political posts depending on their political involvement. To clarify that claim, I conducted a 2 × 2 experiment ( N = 286) in which individuals viewed political posts situated among either humorous or non-humorous posts, all presented as video-recorded posts on a social media newsfeed, in a condition of either low or high political involvement. Among the results, the humorous posts directly boosted general attention, the elaboration of political posts, and the acquisition of political knowledge in the low political involvement group and stimulated political participation in the high political involvement group. Further analyses revealed that, in the low involvement group, increased attention and the elaboration of the posts may have mediated humor’s effect on the acquisition of political knowledge. Meanwhile, its positive effect on participation in the high involvement group occurred independently from general attention and the elaboration of the posts. Altogether, the findings suggest that humorous social media contexts may benefit the acquisition of political knowledge and political participation.","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132927922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exaggerated and Questioning Clickbait Headlines and Their Influence on Media Learning","authors":"Nick Carcioppolo, Di Lun, S. McFarlane","doi":"10.1027/1864-1105/A000298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/A000298","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Headlines that are incongruous with article content can negatively impact media learning outcomes. Clickbait headlines intentionally misrepresent news content, often in sensational ways to increase click-throughs and ad revenue. To evaluate the impact of clickbait headlines on media learning and article-related beliefs, we conducted two online experiments, each testing a 3 (headline-type: accurate, clickbait-question, clickbait-exaggerated) × 2 (exposure: headline-only, full article) factorial. In Study 1, an online sample of US adults ( N = 629) was randomly assigned to one of six news message conditions. Study 2 ( N = 1,674) was a replication study across three news contexts and testing a mediator to explain how exposure to a clickbait headline can influence learning. Key results suggest that reading the full article with an accurate headline resulted in the highest recognition and comprehension, and reading correcting information within an article is likely not enough to overcome the deleterious impact of a clickbait headline. Theoretical and practical recommendations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":366104,"journal":{"name":"J. Media Psychol. Theor. Methods Appl.","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124918172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}