Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open最新文献

{"title":"Dual hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate and [13C]urea magnetic resonance imaging of prostate cancer","authors":"Ivan de Kouchkovsky , Hao Nguyen , Hsin-Yu Chen , Xiaoxi Liu , Hecong Qin , Bradley A. Stohr , Romelyn Delos Santos , Michael A. Ohliger , Zhen Jane Wang , Robert A. Bok , Jeremy W. Gordon , Peder E.Z. Larson , Mary Frost , Kimberly Okamoto , Daniel Gebrezgiabhier , Matthew Cooperberg , Daniel B. Vigneron , John Kurhanewicz , Rahul Aggarwal","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although multiparametric (mp) <sup>1</sup>H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to detect and localize prostate cancer (PC), its correlation with tumor grade is limited. Hyperpolarized (HP) carbon-13 (<sup>13</sup>C) MR is an emerging imaging technique, which can be used to interrogate key biologic processes through in vivo detection of various HP probes. A distinct attribute of HP <sup>13</sup>C MRI is the ability to detect multiple HP probes within a single acquisition. Here we report on the first simultaneous dual HP [1-<sup>13</sup>C]pyruvate and [<sup>13</sup>C]urea MRI with correlations to histopathologic findings in a patient with localized PC scheduled for radical prostatectomy.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Paired HP <sup>13</sup>C and standard mp <sup>1</sup>H MRI were performed in a patient with biopsy-proven Gleason score 4 + 3 = 7 adenocarcinoma of the prostate scheduled for radical prostatectomy through a first-in-human pilot study of dual-agent HP MRI (NCT02526368). HP <sup>13</sup>C MRI was performed using a clinical 3T scanner with <sup>13</sup>C transmit-and-receive capabilities. Dynamic series of HP <sup>13</sup>C pyruvate, lactate and urea imaging were acquired following intravenous (IV) injection of co-hyperpolarized [<sup>13</sup>C]urea (25 mM) and [1–<sup>13</sup>C]pyruvate (125 mM). The [1-<sup>13</sup>C]pyruvate-to-[1-<sup>13</sup>C]lactate conversion rate (k<sub>PL</sub>) was calculated using an inputless two-site exchange model; AUC<sub>urea</sub> was the [<sup>13</sup>C]urea signal summed over time. Following radical prostatectomy, whole-mount prostate histopathological slides were prepared and reviewed by an experienced genitourinary pathologist.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Following informed consent, the patient underwent paired mp <sup>1</sup>H MRI and dual-agent HP MRI. mp <sup>1</sup>H MRI revealed a 1.2 cm lesion in the left apical posterior zone. Dual-agent HP MRI identified a focus of increased [1-<sup>13</sup>C]pyruvate-to-[1-<sup>13</sup>C]lactate conversion rate (k<sub>PL</sub>) extending from the left apical posterior peripheral zone to the right gland. A corresponding area of abnormal tissue perfusion (AUC<sub>urea</sub>) was seen in the left gland. Metabolism-perfusion mismatch (with several foci of increased <em>k<sub>PL</sub></em>/AUC<sub>urea</sub>) was observed throughout the tumor. Tumor extension to the right midgland was confirmed at the time of radical prostatectomy and staining for lactate dehydrogenase-A was increased throughout the tumor relative to surrounding benign prostatic tissue.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This first-in-human radiopathologic study demonstrates the feasibility of dual-agent HP MRI in PC patients. Simultaneous assessment of tumor metabolism and perfusion was able to detect occult disease as well as to show a significant mismatch between intra-tumoral metabolism and tissue perfusion in high-grade PC. ","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666441024000207/pdfft?md5=7b66657cb74e70c1242c4491d6fa3a40&pid=1-s2.0-S2666441024000207-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discontinuous hyperpolarization schemes in liquid-state overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization experiments","authors":"Alex van der Ham","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Liquid-state Overhauser Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (ODNP) is an emerging technique, aimed at shortening NMR experiment times. It achieves this by increasing the otherwise poor nuclear polarization at room temperature, by polarization transfer from excited electron spins. The present work explores two ideas, aimed at achieving the optimal signal-to-noise per time unit for a given system, and quantitation of spectra showing a large disparity in ODNP enhancements at high magnetic fields (≥ 9.4 T). Both of these ideas are predicated on, perhaps counterintuitively, not allowing full dynamic nuclear polarization to build up, either by rapid rf pulsing, or gating of the microwave irradiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666441024000153/pdfft?md5=1b851004339d56ccb0489d8db665fe26&pid=1-s2.0-S2666441024000153-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of biomolecular dynamics by sensitivity-enhanced 1H–2H CPMAS NMR using matrix-free dynamic nuclear polarization","authors":"Thomas Biedenbänder ,&nbsp;Aryana Rodgers ,&nbsp;Mirjam Schröder ,&nbsp;Liliya Vugmeyster ,&nbsp;Björn Corzilius","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular dynamics of functional groups contain valuable information about structural properties and functional activities in biomolecules. NMR spectroscopy is a sensitive tool for the investigation of molecular dynamics over a wide range of timescales and thus may deepen the understanding of the biomolecules of interest. Here, we present an approach to use DNP-enhanced ²H NMR to study dynamics of selectively deuterated methyl groups in insoluble proteins such as amyloid beta (Aβ) fibrils. We adopted and optimized the matrix-free DNP approach by varying the amount of added polarizing agent as well as the rehydration level of model proteins. We show that the DNP enhancement obtained in ¹H–²H cross-polarization (CP) MAS spectra may increase the sensitivity for selectively deuterated Aβ fibril samples by more than one order of magnitude, accelerating the collection of spin-lattice relaxation data in the DNP-accessible temperature range between 100 and 150 K by up to 400-fold. However, below the coalescence temperature, which describes the transition from the fast to the slow exchange regime, the experimentally obtained relaxation time constants suffer from a paramagnetic relaxation enhancement effect due to the presence of the polarizing agent. This seems to be a general effect for biomolecules as it is also confirmed for two other protein model systems. Our demonstration opens the possibility to extend the scope of ²H NMR for dynamics measurements to effective concentrations and/or temperatures below what is currently accessible; however, the observed interplay between paramagnetic relaxation and molecular dynamics also emphasizes the necessity for a better understanding of relaxation effects in DNP-enhanced NMR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNP enhanced solid-state NMR – A powerful tool to address the surface functionalization of cellulose/paper derived materials","authors":"Mark V. Höfler ,&nbsp;Jonas Lins ,&nbsp;David Seelinger ,&nbsp;Lukas Pachernegg ,&nbsp;Timmy Schäfer ,&nbsp;Stefan Spirk ,&nbsp;Markus Biesalski ,&nbsp;Torsten Gutmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This concept summarizes recent advances in development and application of DNP enhanced multinuclear solid-state NMR to study the molecular structure and surface functionalization of cellulose and paper-based materials. Moreover, a novel application is presented where DNP enhanced ¹³C and ¹⁵N solid-state NMR is used to identify structure moieties formed by cross-linking of hydroxypropyl cellulose. Given these two aspects of this concept-type of article, we thus combine both, a review on recent findings already published and unpublished recent data that complement the existing knowledge in the field of characterization of functional lignocellulosic materials by DNP enhanced solid-state NMR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement and modeling of xenon gas transfer in the human brain with 1H and hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI","authors":"Graham Norquay ,&nbsp;Madhwesha R Rao ,&nbsp;Jim M Wild","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The feasibility of imaging hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe dissolved in brain tissue following inhalation of xenon gas in the lungs has recently been demonstrated in humans. The image contrast in ¹²⁹Xe brain MRI represents a combination of factors, including regional perfusion, polarization decay and gas transfer rate across the blood-brain barrier.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the repeatability of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe brain MRI in healthy normal individuals and to identify the dominant mechanisms of image contrast by assessing voxel-wise correlation between HP ¹²⁹Xe brain MRI and models of ¹²⁹Xe brain uptake derived from ¹H arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion mapping.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>To assess repeatability, 3 sets of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe brain images were acquired from 5 healthy volunteers. Quantitative maps of the human brain, including cerebral blood flow, volume and predicted xenon uptake, were derived from ¹H arterial spin labeling and <em>T</em>₂-weighted MRI. These maps were then spatially cross-correlated with hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe brain MRI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Signal to noise ratios of 8.7–17.7 were observed across volunteers for a voxel size of 8 × 8 × 50 mm³ with intra-subject repeatability of between 6 and 29 %. Hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe brain images showed voxel-wise correlations with cerebral blood flow (<em>R</em> = 0.32 to 0.62), volume (<em>R</em> = 0.33 to 0.63) and predicted xenon uptake (<em>R</em> = 0.34 to 0.63), but did not correlate with arterial transit time (<em>R</em> = 0.05 to 0.26).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Voxel-wise cross correlation between ¹²⁹Xe and ¹H ASL suggests that the regional quantity of dissolved xenon delivered by cerebral blood flow is the dominant mechanism of image contrast in HP ¹²⁹Xe brain MRI, assuming normal blood-brain barrier function. Combining ¹H and ¹²⁹Xe brain MRI provides new opportunities to quantitatively investigate brain pathophysiology and function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current state of the art of analyte scope in urine metabolome analysis by non-hydrogenative PHIP","authors":"Nele Reimets,&nbsp;Kerti Ausmees,&nbsp;Indrek Reile","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-hydrogenative PHIP (nh-PHIP) is an NMR signal enhancement technique that offers several orders of magnitude gains in detection sensitivity. It is one of the few hyperpolarization methods that have been demonstrated to be applicable to chemical analysis of biological samples and potentially metabolomics. It is, however, a chemoselective method and needs to be tuned to particular analyte and metabolite classes at a time.</div><div>Herein, we present a systematic study where we apply four nh-PHIP modifications to urine samples from two different species – human and dog. Firstly, this allows to explore the whole analyte class scope and present what information is nh-PHIP capable of providing by varying the composition of the nh-PHIP catalyst system and the sample preparation protocol. Secondly, comparing hyperpolarized spectra from urines from different species demonstrates that this hyperpolarization technique is robust and tolerant of possibly considerable matrix differences: signals of the same metabolites appear at same chemical shifts from urines that differ from one-another much more than is likely in a realistic metabolomics study. Thereby we propose the idea that nh-PHIP is ready for application in metabolomics experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron spin polarization in the triplet state of methoxy-substituted phosphorus(V) tetraphenyl porphyrins","authors":"D. Panariti ,&nbsp;B.J. Bayard ,&nbsp;A. Barbon ,&nbsp;Y.E. Kandrashkin ,&nbsp;P.K. Poddutoori ,&nbsp;A. van der Est ,&nbsp;M. Di Valentin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photoexcited triplet states of porphyrins are of great relevance in various applications due to their high yield, long lifetime, and strong electron spin polarization. This study delves into properties and spin dynamics of the triplet state of a series of hypervalent phosphorus(V) porphyrins. Transient Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (TrEPR) measurements, supported by quantum chemical calculations as well as by optical absorption/luminescence experiments, reveal that, unlike singlet states, the lowest triplet state does not exhibit charge-transfer (CT) character upon photoexcitation. However, the presence of excited CT singlet states alters the intersystem crossing in phosphorus(V) porphyrins, leading to a sign change in the initial multiplet polarization of the photoexcited triplet state. TrEPR results further demonstrate that significant net polarization develops in the triplet states of the phosphorus(V) porphyrins due to the dynamic Jahn-Teller effect. Yet, this effect remains largely unaffected by differences in their molecular structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A practical guide to metal ions dynamic nuclear polarization in materials science","authors":"Ilia B. Moroz,&nbsp;Neta Katzav,&nbsp;Asya Svirinovsky-Arbeli,&nbsp;Michal Leskes","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this protocol we outline the practical aspects and methodology for performing metal ions-based dynamic nuclear polarization (MI-DNP), focusing on materials science applications. In MI-DNP polarization is transferred from unpaired electrons of paramagnetic metal ions to nearby nuclear spins, thereby increasing the sensitivity of NMR spectroscopy. The protocol encompasses detailed steps for (i) selecting suitable metal ion dopant based on chemical, structural and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) considerations, (ii) characterizing the concentration, homogeneity and EPR properties of the dopant and (iii) performing the MI-DNP experiment itself, including optimization of the field position and reliable assessment of the DNP enhancement factors. By adhering to this protocol, the interested reader can implement the MI-DNP approach in an efficient way, facilitating spectroscopic studies of functional materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of 129Xe and PFG NMR techniques on adsorption and diffusion of molecular sieve materials","authors":"Shushu Gao ,&nbsp;Jiamin Yuan ,&nbsp;Fangxiu Ye ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Anming Zheng ,&nbsp;Shutao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular sieves possess unique properties and have emerged as the predominant catalysts with shape selectivity in the petrochemical industry because of their well-defined pore architectures. However, the existence of a constrained pore surroundings of molecular sieves can limit intracrystalline diffusion, leading to underutilization of the active volume of the molecular sieve or rapid catalysts deactivation during catalytic processes. Moreover, the mechanism of adsorption and diffusion of molecules inside molecular sieves is crucial for the optimization and advancement of catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis. Due to the complexity of the diffusion process in molecular sieve materials, it is very necessary to develop characterization methods that are more sensitive and informative for studying the adsorption and diffusion of guests inside pores. Advancements in characterization techniques and theoretical calculations have led to a more profound comprehension of the adsorption and diffusion properties of molecular sieves at the microscopic scale. This article mainly summarizes the research progress of molecular adsorption and diffusion in molecular sieve materials using advanced ¹²⁹Xe NMR, hyperpolarized (HP) ¹²⁹Xe NMR, and pulsed-field gradient (PFG) NMR techniques in recent years and focuses on the principles of these techniques and applicability of the relationship of adsorption-diffusion using these techniques within several molecular sieve systems. Moreover, the effects of the topology and pore connectivity of molecular sieves on the adsorption and diffusion of guest molecules as well as the effects of intracrystalline diffusion on catalytic reactions are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A standardized MRI phantom for dissolved phase 129Xe MRI","authors":"Max Filkins ,&nbsp;Arthur Harrison ,&nbsp;Guilhem J. Collier ,&nbsp;Graham Norquay ,&nbsp;Jim M. Wild ,&nbsp;Sean P. Rigby ,&nbsp;Galina E. Pavlovskaya ,&nbsp;Thomas Meersmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmro.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pulmonary MRI of hyperpolarized xenon-129 (hp¹²⁹Xe) dissolved in the lung parenchyma and vascular phase is gaining increasing attention for clinical assessment of gas exchange in multiple diseases. These conditions can involve thickening of barrier tissues due to fibrotic scarring or reduced capillary blood flow leading to diminished gas-blood exchange hence, the ratios between hp¹²⁹Xe signals arising from the lung membrane (M), the red blood cells (RBC), and the gas phase hold significant diagnostic value. However, comparing hp¹²⁹Xe signal ratios quantitatively across different studies may pose challenges due to varied experimental conditions and opted pulse sequence protocols.</div><div>A solution to this problem arises from materials science applications of hp¹²⁹Xe where xenon dissolved in porous materials or polymers can display chemical shifts similar to the M and RBC shift in lungs. This work explored the generation of MR spectral profiles with respect to chemical shift and signal intensity ratios that closely resemble spectral profiles observed in human lungs in health and disease. At ambient temperatures, reticulated open cell polyurethane foam treated with olive oil as a fatty phase produced dissolved phase ¹²⁹Xe chemical shifts of 215 ppm and 196 ppm, respectively, that emulate typical RBC and M signals. The uptake kinetics into the non-toxic materials was sufficiently similar to pulmonary signal uptake to enable hp¹²⁹Xe MRI with dissolved phase ratios that closely resembled clinical data.</div><div>A phantom assembly was devised to allow for gas handling protocols that matched clinical protocols. The current iteration of the developed phantom enables rapid testing of basic experimental protocols and can be used for training purposes without regulatory approval and governance. Furthermore, the introduced concept shows a pathway for the development of a quantitative universal phantom standard for dissolved phase pulmonary hp¹²⁹Xe MRI. A robust phantom standard will require materials with longer shelf lifetime than the oil-foam system used in this study and would benefit from a hierarchical porous network with more defined microstructure similar to that found in lungs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":365,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.624,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}