SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Infeksi Oportunistik pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Kota Medan Tahun 2018-2022","authors":"Ozora Joshua Porsea Manurung","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14902","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The incidence of HIV/AIDS-related opportunistic infections should have decreased significantly in recent times due to antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, several factors such as patients diagnosed in the late stage of HIV infection, not starting and continuing ART, or ineffective ART will increase the incidence of opportunistic infections in PLWHA (people living with HIV/AIDS). Knowing about opportunistic infections in PLWHA can provide information about the types of opportunistic infections that occur most often and their epidemiology. Objectives: To identify opportunistic infections in PLWHA at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan in 2018-2022. Methods: This study used analytical retrospective quantitative research using the Spearman correlation test by observing secondary data in the form of medical records with total sampling technique. Result: There were 253 PLWHA with opportunistic infections in 2018-2022 with the majority of male gender (82.6%), age group 25-32 years (37.5%), CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 (85.0%). The highest opportunistic infection was Tuberculosis (55.3%) followed by Candidiasis (45.8%). There was no correlation between CD4 count and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (p=0.620), but there was a correlation between CD4 count and Candida spp infection (p=0.013).Conclusion: There are differences in the types of opportunistic infections in PLWHA at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan in 2018-2022.\u0000Keyword: Candidiasis, CD4, Opportunistic Infection, PLWHA, Tuberculosis\u0000Latar Belakang: Insiden infeksi oportunistik terkait HIV/AIDS seharusnya telah menurun secara signifikan di masa ini karena adanya terapi antiretroviral (ARV). Namun, beberapa faktor seperti penderita terdiagnosis pada stadium akhir infeksi HIV, tidak memulai dan melanjutkan terapi ARV, atau terapi ARV yang kurang efektif akan meningkatkan insiden infeksi oportunistik pada ODHA (orang dengan HIV/AIDS). Dengan mengetahui infeksi oportunistik pada ODHA dapat memberikan informasi mengenai jenis-jenis infeksi oportunistik yang paling sering terjadi dan epidemiologinya. Tujuan: Mengetahui infeksi oportunistik pada ODHA di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan tahun 2018-2022. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian retrospektif analitik bersifat kuantitatif menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dengan cara mengobservasi data sekunder berupa rekam medik dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil: Didapatkan ODHA dengan infeksi oportunistik pada tahun 2018-2022 sebanyak 253 orang dengan mayoritas jenis kelamin laki-laki (82,6%), kelompok usia 25-32 tahun (37,5%), jumlah CD4 <200 sel/mm3 (85,0%). Infeksi oportunistik tertinggi adalah Tuberkulosis (55,3%) diikuti Kandidiasis (45,8%). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara jumlah CD4 dan infeksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis (p=0,620), tetapi terdapat hubungan antara jumlah CD4 dengan infeksi Candida spp (p=0,013). Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan jenis infeksi oportunistik pada ODHA di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan tahun 2018-2022.\u0000Kata Kunci: CD4, Kandidiasis, In","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermatitis Herpetiformis: An Update on Diagnosis And Treatment","authors":"C. Hazlianda, Desy Sahara Putri","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15636","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dermatitis herpetiformis is a relapsing skin disease caused by gluten sensitivity, also known as an extraintestinal manifestation of celiac disease. Methods: This article was made by reviewing 14 articles related to dermatitis herpetiformis which obtained from Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Discussion: Dermatitis herpetiformis is characterized by skin lesions vesicles or exoriated papules intensely itchy or excoriated papules on extensor surfaces, scalp, nuchal area, and buttocks. Dermatitis herpetiformis is primarily diagnosed through direct immunofluorescence of granular IgA deposits. However, modern and recent approaches currently use anti-TG3 antibody levels as the main serological diagnostic marker. Recent studies now confirm strict, long-term gluten free diet as the primary treatment modality. The diet is supplemented with sulfonamides as first line drugs treatment, especially dapsone. Proper diagnosis and management are important to improve the quality of life of the patients. Conclusion: Dermatitis herpetiformis is a skin disease related to hypersensitivity which requires comprehensive approach and treatment.\u0000Keyword: Celiac Disease, Dapsone, Dermatitis Herpetiformis, Direct Immunofluorescence, Gluten Free Diet\u0000Pendahuluan: Dermatitis herpetiformis, juga dikenal sebagai manifestasi ekstraintestinal penyakit celiac. Metode: Artikel ini disusun dengan meninjau 14 artikel berkaitan dengan dermatitis herpetiformis yang didapatkan pada Pubmed, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar. Pembahasan: Dermatitif herpetiformis adalah penyakit kulit yang ditandai dengan vesikel yang gatal atau papula yang terkelupas. Dermatitis herpetiformis didiagnosis terutama melalui imunofluoresensi langsung deposit IgA granular. Namun, pendekatan modern saat ini menggunakan antibodi anti-TG3 sebagai penanda diagnostik serologis utama. Studi terbaru sekarang mengkonfirmasi diet bebas gluten jangka panjang yang ketat sebagai modalitas pengobatan utama. Diet dilengkapi dengan sulfonamida sebagai pengobatan lini pertama, terutama dapson. Diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan yang tepat penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Kesimpulan: Dermatitis herpetiformis adalah penyakit kulit yang berkaitan dengan hipersensitivitas dan membutuhkan pendekatan dan tatalaksana yang komprehensif.\u0000Kata Kunci: Dapson, Dermatitis Herpetiformis, Diet Bebas Gluten, Imunofluoresensi Langsung, Penyakit Seliak","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Apolipoprotein B and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease as a Prognostic Factor: A Literature Review","authors":"Andrea Radyaputri","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15234","url":null,"abstract":"Background: All lipoproteins containing Apo-B contribute to the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Although low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the most common marker to assess the risk associated with dyslipidemia, Apo-B levels reflect excess atherosclerotic risk and proatherogenic shifts in lipoprotein, predict the risk of incidental atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, MACE following ACS, including mortality compared to LDL-C. Objectives: This review is held to examine the clear association between Apo-B with MACE in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: Studies examining the relationship between Apo-B and MACE in coronary heart disease published in 2018-2023 are searched comprehensively using advanced search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane. The relevant studies in Indonesian or English are included and qualitatively reviewed. Result and Discussion: There are 17,392 studies identified, four of which meet the inclusion criteria and have low risks of bias in most domains. Study indicates Apo-B levels are significantly associated with the long-term risk of MACEs, especially in patients with comorbidities. After primary PCI, high Apo-B levels predict a greater and significant incidence of MACE compared to LDL-C and non-HDL-C. Apo-B reduction also triggers a significant decrease in MACE, unlike non-HDL-C control. Hence, lipid therapy after ACS should focus on Apo-B. Low Apo-B correlates with malnutrition, old age, comorbidities thus indicating a worse prognosis for ACS. Therefore, identification of comorbidities should be considered. Conclusion: This review provides strong evidence that Apo-B level has better prognostic information of MACE following coronary heart disease, especially in patients with comorbidities, compared to other lipid profiles. Therefore, controlled Apo-B is preferred as a therapy target.\u0000Keyword: Apo-B, coronary, heart, MACE, prognosis\u0000 \u0000Latar Belakang: Semua lipoprotein yang mengandung Apo-B berkontribusi terhadap risiko kejadian kardiovaskular utama yang merugikan (MACE). Meskipun kolesterol lipoprotein densitas rendah (LDL-C) adalah penanda yang paling umum digunakan untuk menilai risiko yang terkait dengan dislipidemia, kadar Apo-B mencerminkan risiko aterosklerotik berlebih dan pergeseran proaterogenik dalam lipoprotein, memprediksi risiko penyakit kardiovaskular aterosklerotik insidental, MACE setelah sindrom koroner akut (ACS), termasuk kematian dibandingkan dengan LDL-C. Tujuan: Tinjauan ini bertujuan menelaah hubungan yang jelas antara Apo-B dengan MACE pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung koroner. Metode: Studi yang meneliti hubungan Apo-B dengan MACE pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner dan dipublikasikan pada 2018-2023 dicari secara komprehensif menggunakan metode pencarian lanjut di Pubmed, Google Scholar, dan Cochrane. Studi yang relevan dalam bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris diinklusi dan ditelaah secara kualitatif. Pembahasan: Dari 17.392 studi yang teridentifikasi, s","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention Effect Between Smartphone and the Knowledge in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at Prof Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis General Hospital","authors":"A. P. Tarigan, Andika Pradana, Ella Rhinsilva, Adini Arifah Ramadhani, Benny Sihombing, Nanda S. Monica, Yeni Vera","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14694","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Health applications can assist in managing chronic patients such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). A smartphone application “Paru Sehat” is expected to help COPD patients increase their knowledge about the disease and its treatment. Objective: This study aims to examine the benefits of smartphone applications “Paru Sehat” on the level of knowledge of patients with the COPD about the disease and its treatment. Methods: A quasi-experimental studies were conducted in outpatient of stable COPD patients at Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital. This research was conducted from March to June 2022. A questionnaire which elaborated question about COPD and its treatment were used to evaluate the level of knowledge of participants before and after 3 months of using smartphone application “Paru Sehat”. Results: From a sample of 38 COPD patients, the average knowledge level of COPD patients before using the “Paru Sehat” application as 5.125; after using the smartphone application, it was 8.5625. The hypothesis test shows that the value of p = 0.000, indicating an increase in the level of knowledge about COPD and its treatment. Out of 38 patients, all research subjects were male with the most age being 60 to 70 years old, having a history of heavy smoking and the highest level of severity of COPD 2. Conclusion: “Paru Sehat” application can influence the knowledge of COPD patients about their illness and treatment as well as the patient's independence in dealing with their illness.\u0000Keyword: COPD, level of patient knowledge, smarthphone application\u0000Latar Belakang: Aplikasi kesehatan dapat membantu dalam menangani pasien kronis seperti Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK). Aplikasi smartphone “Paru Sehat” diharapkan dapat membantu pasien PPOK meningkatkan pengetahuannya tentang penyakit dan pengobatannya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai manfaat dari aplikasi smartphone “Paru Sehat” untuk tingkat pengetahuan pasien PPOK mengenai penyakit dan pengobatannya.  Metode: Penelitian quasi eksperimental dilakukan pada pasien PPOK stabil rawat jalan di Pulmonologi dan Kedokteran Respirasi Rumah Sakit Universitas Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini dilakukan antara bulan Maret 2022 hingga Juni 2022. Kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan tentang PPOK dan pengobatannya digunakan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat pengetahuan peserta sebelum dan sesudah 3 bulan menggunakan aplikasi smartphone “Paru Sehat”. Hasil: Dari sampel 38 pasien PPOK, rata-rata tingkat pengetahuan pasien PPOK sebelum menggunakan aplikasi smartphone “Paru Sehat” adalah 5,125; setelah menggunakan aplikasi smartphone menjadi 8.5625. Uji hipotesis menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000 yang menunjukkan adanya peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan tentang PPOK dan pengobatannya. Dari 38 pasien, seluruh subjek penelitian berjenis kelamin laki-laki dengan usia terbanyak yaitu 60 hingga 70 tahun, memiliki riwayat perokok berat dan tingkat keparahan PPOK 2 tertinggi (G","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140412895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hubungan Durasi dan Postur Duduk Terhadap Keluhan Low Back Pain pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran","authors":"Jocelyn Koswara, Yetty Machrina, M. Lubis, Rina Amelia","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14906","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder in the community with a global prevalence of 15-45% each year. Medical students are prone to LBP due to several risk factors such as long sitting duration and improper sitting posture during lectures. Objectives: This research is performed to determine the correlation between the duration and sitting posture during lectures on the incidence of LBP in medical students at Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU). Methods: This study used an analytical descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach conducted in April 2023 at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling with 147 medical students selected as the research sample. Data was obtained from filling out PAD and BAPHY questionnaires. A Chi-square test was used to explore the association between the two variables and LBP while the logistic regression test was used to identify the dominating causes generating LBP. Result: The study's findings revealed that 40.1% of students reported having LBP problems, 72.1% reported sitting for more than seven hours, and 33.3% reported having a bad sitting posture. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between sitting duration and posture on complaints of LBP (RR = 1.69, p = 0.041 and RR = 1.69, p = 0.009). At a risk of 2,438 times, sitting position is the main factor contributing to LBP among medical students at USU. Conclusion: This research showed a correlation between duration and sitting posture on the incidence of LBP.\u0000Keyword: Low Back Pain, Medical Students, Seven Hours, Sitting duration, Sitting posture\u0000Latar Belakang: Low Back Pain (LBP) merupakan gangguan muskuloskeletal yang paling sering terjadi pada masyarakat dengan prevalensi global 15-45% setiap tahunnya. Mahasiswa kedokteran rentan mengalami keluhan LBP dikarenakan beberapa faktor risiko seperti durasi duduk yang lama dan postur duduk yang tidak ergonomis saat perkuliahan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara durasi dan postur duduk saat perkuliahan terhadap keluhan LBP pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan April 2023 di FK USU Medan. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa FK USU angkatan 2021 yang dipilih dengan metode simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 147 orang. Data diperoleh dari pengisian kuesioner PAD dan BAPHY. Untuk mengetahui hubungan kedua variabel dengan keluhan LBP dilakukan uji Chi-square dan uji regresi logistik untuk melihat faktor dominan penyebab keluhan LBP. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan terdapat 40,1 % mahasiswa yang mengalami keluhan LBP dengan durasi duduk > 7 jam sebesar 72,1% dan postur duduk yang tidak baik sebesar 33,3%. Analisis Chi-square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara durasi dan post","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potensi Teknologi Nanopartikel Logam Seng Oksida (NP-ZnO) pada Obat Anti-TB Sebagai Modalitas Mutakhir Pengobatan Penyakit Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB)","authors":"A. Meidina, Akbar Triandra, Nabila Az-zahra Hasibuan, M. Fajri","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15230","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a treatable infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogen. However, patient non-compliance during treatment contributes to the emergence of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). This literature review aims to further explore the potential of zinc oxide metal nanoparticles (NP-ZnO) in anti-TB drugs as an advanced modality for MDR-TB treatment by enhancing drug efficacy, reducing intestine degradation, and increasing absorption and bioavailability. Methods: Literature was searched using search engines such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, ResearchGate, and NCBI. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in 14 relevant articles. Results and Discussion: Zinc oxide metal nanoparticles (NP-ZnO) exhibit antibacterial effects. Studies show that NP-ZnO can decrease Rifampicin's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) fourfold by enhancing bacterial cell membrane permeability and increasing bactericidal effects through interactions with host macrophage cells. Bactericidal effects were found with NP-ZnO and its combination with selenium (NP ZnO-Se). Meanwhile, bacteriostatic effects on MDR-TB and XDR-TB were observed with NP-ZnO and its combination with silver (NP Ag-ZnO). Conclusion: NP-ZnO encapsulated first-line anti-TB drugs offer advantages in delivering medication to target organs, accelerating therapy onset even with smaller doses, and mimicking M.tb's activity in infecting target organs. NP-ZnO and its combinations are also more sensitive in interacting with alveolar macrophages, the first immune cells responding to M.tb. NP-ZnO encapsulated first-line anti-TB drug technology holds potential as an advanced modality for MDR-TB treatment.\u0000Keyword: First-line anti-TB drugs, metal nanoparticle, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, zinc oxide nanoparticle\u0000 \u0000Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis (TBC) merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh patogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) dan dapat diobati, tetapi rendahnya kepatuhan pasien selama pengobatan berdampak pada timbulnya Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk meninjau lebih lanjut potensi teknologi nanopartikel logam seng oksida (NP-ZnO) pada obat anti-TB sebagai modalitas mutakhir pengobatan penyakit MDR-TB dengan meningkatkan kemanjuran obat yang diberikan, mengurangi degradasi usus, serta meningkatkan absorpsi dan bioavailabilitas. Metode: Literatur dicari menggunakan situs pencari seperti Google Scholar, Science Direct, ResearchGate, dan NCBI. Kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi digunakan untuk mengeliminasi literatur yang tidak berkaitan sehingga diperoleh 14 literatur. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Nanopartikel logam seng oksida (NP-ZnO) menunjukkan efek antibakteri. Studi ini menunjukkan NP-ZnO dapat menurunkan minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) rifampisin empat kali lipat dengan meningkatkan permeabilitas membran sel bakteri serta meningkatkan efek bakterisida melalui interaksinya dengan ","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140416039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karakteristik Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner yang Menjalani Bedah Pintas Arteri Koroner di Medan 2022","authors":"M. Fahriza, Y. F. Siregar","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), the leading global cause of death, stems from artery constriction due to fat deposition and vessel stiffness, leading to insufficient blood flow to the heart muscles. Despite numerous studies on CHD characteristics, none reflect the latest data specific to North Sumatra, contributing to 32% of global deaths. Objective: To describe the characteristics of CHD patient that underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in 2022 at RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan. Methods: This descriptive research with cross-sectional design was done to CHD patients that underwent CABG operation with total sampling technique and used medical record data that was taken and grouped to characteristics before, during, and after the surgery. Results: Out of 48 complete medical records, majority of patients are in the age range of 48-65 years old (73%), male gender (85.4%), hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes patient (70.9%), abnormal lipid profile (93.8%), operation duration 240309 minutes (66.7%), normal ejection fraction (56.3%), in use of cardiopulmonary bypass machine (on pump) during operation (54.2%), CPB time 118-159 minutes (53.8%), Aox time 59-88 minutes (50%), in use of 3 grafts (56.3%), normal kidney function after the operation (83.3%), abnormal routine blood profile (53.88%), and without complications (66.7%). Conclusion: In this study, the average age of patients was 56, mostly male, with abnormal lipid profiles. The prevalent comorbidities were hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes. Operations averaged 284.75 minutes, using 3 grafts, with 43.7% having lowered ejection fraction. Arrhythmia was the most common postoperative complication.\u0000Keyword: CABG, Characteristics, CHD\u0000Latar Belakang: Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK), penyebab utama kematian global, disebabkan oleh penumpukan lemak dan/atau kekakuan pembuluh darah, mengurangi perfusi otot jantung dan menyumbang 32% angka kematian dunia. Banyak penelitian karakteristik pasien PJK, tetapi kurangnya data terbaru karakteristik PJK di Sumatera Utara menjadi perhatian. Tujuan: Untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik pasien PJK yang menjalani bedah pintas arteri koroner pada tahun 2022 di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional ini dilakukan pada pasien PJK yang menjalani operasi bedah pintas arteri koroner (BPAK) dengan teknik total sampling serta menggunakan data rekam medis yang diambil dan dikelompokkan menjadi karakteristik sebelum, selama, dan setelah operasi. Hasil: Dari 48 rekam medis lengkap, pasien paling banyak pada kelompok usia 48-65 tahun (73%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (85,4%), penderita hipertensi dan/atau DM tipe 2 (70,9%), profil lipid abnormal (93,8%), durasi operasi 240-309 menit (66,7%), fraksi ejeksi normal (56,3%), menggunakan mesin jantung paru (on pump) selama operasi (54,2%), CPB time 118-159 menit (53,8%), Aox time 5988 menit (50%), menggunakan 3 graft (56,3%), fungsi ginjal normal paska bedah (83,3%), profil","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Safety of Bovine Human Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine (BRV-PV) in Preventing Severe Acute Rotavirus Gastroenteritis (SRVGE): A systematic review of the experience in developing countries","authors":"Zefianto, Achmad Rifky Ansyori, Sarah","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.15201","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Severe acute rotavirus gastroenteritis (SRVGE) is the world's highest cause of children mortality, with symptoms of severe dehydrating diarrhea due to rotavirus (RV) infection. SRVGE provides a high economic burden, mostly in developing countries. Currently, three RV vaccines (Rotarix, RotaTeq, Rotavac) are licensed internationally by the World Health Organization (WHO) and are not yet applicable in developing countries. Hence, research shows the potential of BRV-PV in preventing RV infection in pediatrics, especially in developing countries. Objective: This review aims to analyze the effectiveness and safety of BRV-PV in developing countries. Methods: This systematic review includes studies from the ScienceDirect, PubMed, Elsevier, and Cochrane databases that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search method uses the Boolean operator with the articles from the last ten years. Eight articles with a total of 9088 children were reviewed to analyze the effectiveness and safety of BRV-PV. Results and Discussion: Of all the studies involved, BRV-PV has effectively reduced the incidence of hospitalization and emergency cases due to SRVGE. Furthermore, BRV-PV is also safe for children in developing countries, proven by increased anti-RV IgA concentrations and minimal side effects. Conclusion: BRV-PV is more effective, safe, heat-stable, and affordable than the previous three RV vaccines in developing countries\u0000Keyword: BRV-PV, Gastroenteritis, Rotavirus, Rotavirus Vaccine\u0000Latar Belakang: Severe acute rotavirus gastroenteritis (SRVGE) merupakan penyebab kematian anak tertinggi di dunia dengan gejala diare dehidrasi parah akibat infeksi rotavirus (RV). SRVGE memberikan beban ekonomi yang tinggi, terutama di negara-negara berkembang. Saat ini, tiga vaksin RV (Rotarix, RotaTeq, Rotavac) dilisensikan secara internasional oleh World Health Organization (WHO) dan belum dapat diterapkan di negara-negara berkembang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian menunjukkan potensi BRV-PV dalam mencegah infeksi RV pada anak-anak, khususnya di negara berkembang. Tujuan: Ulasan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas dan keamanan BRV-PV dalam mencegah SRVGE. Metode: Tinjauan sistematis ini mencakup studi dari database ScienceDirect, PubMed, Elsevier, dan Cochrane yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Metode pencariannya menggunakan operator boolean dengan artikel sepuluh tahun terakhir. Delapan artikel dengan total 9088 pediatri ditinjau untuk menganalisis efektivitas dan keamanan BRV-PV. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Dari semua penelitian yang terlibat, BRV-PV telah secara efektif mengurangi kejadian rawat inap dan kasus darurat akibat SRVGE. Selain itu, BRV-PV juga aman untuk anak-anak di negara berkembang, terbukti dengan peningkatan konsentrasi IgA anti-RV dan efek samping yang minimal. Kesimpulan: BRV-PV lebih efektif, aman, tahan panas, dan terjangkau dibandingkan tiga vaksin RV sebelumnya di negara berkembang..\u0000Kata Kunci: BRV-PV, Gastroenteritis, Ro","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toksoplasmosis Serebral Pada Pasien dengan HIV/AIDS: Laporan Kasus","authors":"Gede Ari Mahendra Mardaningrat, Dwiputra Yogi Pramartha, Ni Komang Darmiastini","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14312","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Toxoplasma encephalitis (ET) is the most common opportunistic infection that causes encephalitis or focal cerebral lesions in HIV/AIDS sufferers which occurs in approximately 3% to 40% of patients. Case Ilustration: A 39 years old male patient was brought to the Emergency Room (IGD) with complaints of weakness in the left hand and leg for 2 days before entering the hospital. Complaints of weakness in the left hand and leg were felt suddenly when the patient was about to move, as well as headaches that seemed to be pressing in almost all areas of the head since the previous month. On physical examination, candidiasis was found in the mouth area and redness on both hands and feet. Lab examination results showed CD4 levels of 68 cells/µL and anti-toxoplasma IgG 156.10 IU/mL. CT scan of the head shows several lesions occupying space in the right and left frontal lobes, left basal ganglia, right cerebellar hemisphere. The patient was diagnosed with cerebral toxoplasmosis accompanied by stage IV HIV. Discussion: Toxoplasma encephalitis (ET) is a form of central nervous system complication in HIV/AIDS patients. This condition is the most frequent cause of focal intracerebral lesions in patients. Serological examination has an important role in establishing a diagnosis in patients with ET quality. Conclusion: Comprehensive management is the key to success in treating patients with toxoplasma encephalitis (ET) accompanied by HIV/AIDS\u0000Keyword: AIDS, CD4, HIV, Toxoplasma Encephalitis\u0000Latar Belakang: Ensefalitis toksoplasma (ET) adalah infeksi oportunistik paling umum yang menyebabkan ensefalitis atau lesi serebral fokal pada penderita HIV/AIDS yang terjadi di sekitar 3% hingga 40% pasien. Ilustrasi Kasus: Seorang pasien laki-laki berusia 39 tahun dibawa ke Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) dengan keluhan lemah pada tangan dan kaki kiri sejak 2 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Keluhan lemah pada tangan dan kaki kiri dirasakan mendadak ketika pasien hendak beraktivitas serta nyeri kepala yang seperti tertekan di hampir seluruh area kepala sejak 1 bulan. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan adanya kandidiasis pada daerah mulut serta kemerahan pada kedua tangan dan kaki. Hasil pemeriksaan lab menunjukkan kadar CD4 68 sel/µL dan IgG anti toksoplasma 156,10 IU/mL. CT Scan kepala menunjukkan adanya gambaran beberapa space occupying lesion di lobus frontal kanan kiri, basal ganglia kiri, hemisfer cerebellum kanan. Pasien didiagnosis dengan toxoplasmosis serebri disertai dengan HIV stadium IV. Pembahasan: Ensefalitis toksoplasma (ET) merupakan bentuk komplikasi sistem saraf pusat pada pasien dengan HIV/AIDS. Kondisi ini adalah penyebab paling sering dari adanya lesi intraserebral fokal pada pasien. Pemeriksaan serologi memiliki peranan penting dalam menegakkan diagnosis pada pasien dengan kecurigaan ET. Kesimpulan: Penatalaksanaan yang komprehensif merupakan kunci dari keberhasilan dalam terapi pasien dengan ensefalitis toksoplasma (ET) disertai HIV/AIDS.\u0000Keyword","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Hiperemesis Gravidarum pada Trimester I Kehamilan","authors":"Ayesha Nazira Marpaung, Riza Rivany, Tina Christina L. Tobing, Andreas Ketaren","doi":"10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14896","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nausea and vomit are problems that often occur in the first trimester of pregnancy, and this can cause problems for pregnant women. Many people still have the perception that this is a normal occurrence, leading pregnant women to avoid medical examinations, resulting in potential side effects. This relates to the knowledge. Pregnant women with poor knowledge can lead to complications during pregnancy, while those with good knowledge will prevent complications. Objective: To describe pregnant women’s knowledge about hyperemesis gravidarum in the first trimester of pregnancy based on age, gravida, and academic. Methods: This research is an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional research design, employing consecutive sampling method. Data were collected using primary data sources derived from questionnaire responses. Results: Based on data from 100 respondents, 28 people (28%) have good knowledge. 27 people (27%) have moderate knowledge. 45 people (45%) have poor knowledge. Conclusion: Most of pregnant women in this research belonged to the age group of 19-34 years, with primigravida and majority have poor knowledge. \u0000Keyword: Hyperemesis gravidarum, knowledge, pregnant women\u0000 \u0000Latar Belakang: Mual dan muntah merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada trimester pertama kehamilan dan hal ini dapat menimbulkan masalah pada ibu hamil. Masih banyak masyarakat yang memiliki pandangan bahwa hal tersebut normal terjadi, sehingga ibu hamil tidak melakukan pemeriksaan dan akan menimbulkan efek samping. Hal ini berkaitan dengan pengetahuan yang dimiliki oleh ibu hamil. Ibu hamil yang memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang terhadap hiperemesis gravidarum menyebabkan terjadinya komplikasi pada ibu hamil, sedangkan ibu hamil dengan pengetahuan yang baik akan mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil terhadap hiperemesis gravidarum pada trimester I kehamilan berdasarkan usia, pendidikan terakhir dan gravida. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling. Data yang diambil menggunakan sumber data primer yang berasal dari pengisian kuesioner. Hasil: Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari 100 responden terdapat 28 orang (28%) memiliki pengetahuan baik. 27 orang (27%) memiliki pengetahuan cukup. 45 orang (45%) memiliki pengetahuan kurang. Kesimpulan: Mayoritas ibu hamil pada penelitian ini merupakan kelompok usia 19-34 tahun, dengan primigravida, dan mayoritas memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang.\u0000Kata Kunci: Hiperemesis gravidarum, ibu hamil, pengetahuan","PeriodicalId":365874,"journal":{"name":"SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140416391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}