Botanical Journal of Scotland最新文献

{"title":"Notes On Strand Plants. II. Cakile Maritima, Scop","authors":"James Wright B.Sc.","doi":"10.1080/03746602709469441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746602709469441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115985457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes on Caithness Plants","authors":"Arthur Bennett A.L.S.","doi":"10.1080/13594862809441467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13594862809441467","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115044643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hard Seeds And Broken Seedlings In Red Clover (Trifolium pratense). III. Soil Effects","authors":"Alexander Nelson B.Sc.","doi":"10.1080/03746602709469442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746602709469442","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128873817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tweedside alien plants","authors":"I. Hayward","doi":"10.1080/03746600608685121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600608685121","url":null,"abstract":"Commentary: Douglas McKean* The woollen industry allowed alien seeds to escape via effluent from the mills on to the banks of the Rivers Gala and Tweed. The old skin works in Galashiels was another source of alien seeds and wool shoddy (with lurking alien seed) was spread on fields to improve soil fertility. Modern effluent treatment and the cessation of spreading wool shoddy has largely curtailed the introduction of alien seed except for those introduced via wild bird seed which comes from anywhere with a cheap source of seed even as far away as America. Most of us would be unaware of this but for the telltale plants such as the American Ragweeds, e.g. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (annual), which spring up around bird feeders. This alien plant, along with Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. is the one most often sent to the Botanic Garden for identification. Fortunately, neither is aggressive coloniser, at least not in our climate, and so they do not prosper like the Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia japonica Houtt.) or Giant Hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier). Ambrosia psylostachya DC., a perennial, has however become established in Ayrshire and S. and W. Lancashire. Incidentally, the annual Ragweed is hyper-allergenic and causes severe hay fever; its control is compulsory in many countries in continental Europe where the species has become widely established. The paper by Hayward is a good illustration of the effects of industry on botanical diversity, albeit temporary in most cases. There is currently an upsurge in interest in non-native species (e.g. Manchester & Bullock 2000). A recently published government consultation on the subject can be found at: http://www. defra.gov.uk/wildlife-countryside/non-native/index.htm","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114804297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of the oil-shale Bings of West Lothian, Scotland, to local and national biodiversity","authors":"B. Harvie","doi":"10.1080/03746600608685105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600608685105","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The oil-shale bings of West Lothian, Scotland, are a group of post-industrial waste sites, unique in Britain and Western Europe. The industrial exploitation of oil-bearing rocks has created a habitat with its own distinctive flora and fauna. The floral diversity of individual sites has been documented as species lists in several studies. A comprehensive list of more than 350 plant species, with supplementary information on animal species, was compiled from an extensive literature review of these studies. From these data it was possible to determine the extent of species variation within and between bings, identify locally and nationally rare species, and thus to determine the importance of the oil-shale bing habitat at a local and national scale. The results will go some way to allay concerns about the loss of local biodiversity, generally throughout the country side, due to changes in agricultural practices and increased urbanisation. Findings from the bings and evidence from other types of derelict land suggest that species are not lost, they have moved to new habitats.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131357289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The origin and success of polyploids in the boreal circumpolar Flora: A new analysis","authors":"G. Stebbins","doi":"10.1080/03746600608685117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600608685117","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Data are summarised that support the secondary contact-balanced hybridity of polyploid evolution in plants. This states that polyploids are most likely to arise and achieve initial success in regions where alternate isolation plus differentiation followed by reunion and hybridisation, in the broadest sense of the word, are most likely to occur. The initial polyploids vary greatly in their evolutionary success. With the passage of time, a small proportion of the original neopolyploids evolve into mesopolyploids, that are widespread, aggressive colonisers, and become abundant over a broad geographical and ecological range. Even later, some of these become diploidised. The resulting paleopolyploids are more like diploids than their original polyploid ancestors with respect to gene pools, geographical distribution and different ecological situations occupied in any region. These conclusions are well supported by a preliminary analysis of polyploidy in the flora of Alaskan Beringia, but more extensive and thorough analyses are needed. Additional data support the hypothesis that chromosome doubling by itself does not adapt plants to withstand severe ecological conditions, such as cold and drought. Finally, high chromosome numbers in some species of angiosperms, plus even higher numbers in a few groups of spore bearing vascular plants, indicate that there is no generally valid ceiling to chromosome numbers. Polyploidisation occurs in cycles. If favourable adjustments of gene dosage occur between cycles, later cycles can include multiplication of base numbers that are already polyploid with reference to the original number of the genus or family.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132774111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A reintroduction programme for Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R. Br. in Britain","authors":"H. Mchaffie","doi":"10.1080/03746600608685109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600608685109","url":null,"abstract":"Summary There has been a decline in the rare fern Woodsia ilvensis Oblong Woodsia in its few remaining British sites, with no regeneration recorded. As part of a UK BAP recovery programme four reintroductions have taken place into areas where this fern is no longer found; two near Moffat and two in Teesdale. The first reintroductions were made in 1999–2000 and they have now been monitored for up to six years. A good proportion of the Plants have established well, although no progeny have yet been produced.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130818819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizoctonia solani and orchid seed","authors":"D. Downie","doi":"10.1080/03746600608685118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600608685118","url":null,"abstract":"Commentary: Roy Watling* This is one of five papers by Dorothy Downie on the Rhizoctonia orchid relationship. Her work was instrumental in stimulating the growth of interest in the intimate and complex relationships between orchids and fungi in the British Isles. The field and experimental approach particularly focused on isolates of Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Ktihn, the agent of silver scurf disease of potatoes and eye-spot of wheat (Downie, 1957), and its relationship with Goodyera repens (L.) R. Br. Her studies were examples to be followed. Indeed they were at her own university of Aberdeen, by Geoff Hadley and his colleagues and students. His studies gradually expanded her work on Goodyera (Downie, 1940), Dactylorchis (Downie, 1959) and Corallorhiza (Downie, 1943) to more searching studies on Dactylorhiza purpurella (Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson) So6 (Hadley & Harvais, 1968), to Coeloglossum viride Hartman (Hadley, 1970) and Platanthera bifolia (L.) L.C. Rich. (Hadley & Ong, 1978). Observations in the laboratory on D. purpurella were conducted by Hadley & Williamson (1971), Hadley & Purves (1974) and Hadley & Ong (1978) as well as on Goodyera repens (Hadley, 1969; 1970; Hadley & Purves, 1974; Hadley & Ong, 1978). Hadley and his team extended the study to enquire as to the kind of dependency the fungus had on the orchid, type of carbohydrate used as a substrate, and the physiology of the orchid/fungus interaction. With the twinning of the University of Aberdeen with Kuala Lumpur the expertise commenced by Downie was transferred to Malaysia where Hadley (1985) and Hadley & Williamson (1972) studied mycorrhizas in tropical orchids. Interest spread further afield stimulating attempts to identify the teleomorphic state of the Rhizoctonia spp. involved in orchid mycorrhiza, as it was becoming quite clear that the R. solani was a complex of different taxa. Thus Warcup & Talbot (1967) demonstrated that the perfect states were to be found in Thanatephorus and also Sebacina and Ceratobasidium. Recently the Rhizctionia complex has been the subject of a monograph from the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew (Roberts, 1999) and Aberdeen isolates are quoted therein. The perfect states were known and circumscribed as jelly fungi well before the link between fungus and orchid had been made being previously well-known on soil, rotten vegetation and wood. It was not until fairly recently was it shown that these fungi had an even more complex role to play in the ecosystem. It came as a great surprise when the fungi studied by Downie turned out also to link orchids to arborescent plants. This phenomenon had been demonstrated in other groups of macrofungi but jelly","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"484 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123560384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow recovery of heather (Calluna vulgaris L. (Hull)) in Scottish moorland after easing of heavy grazing pressure from red deer (Cervus elaphus L.)","authors":"David Welch, D. Scott, R. Mitchell, D. Elston","doi":"10.1080/03746600608685103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600608685103","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The study aimed to determine how quickly heather responds in Scottish moorland once deer grazing pressure is reduced. We monitored heather attributes and deer distribution over ten years in Glen Lui and Glen Derry, two contrasting nearby areas of it 200 ha at Mar Lodge in the eastern Cairngorms. In one area the deer received winter food, affecting the zonation of their impact. In both areas the deer were initially lightly culled, then culling was increased. Mean heather shoot utilisation was 35 % and 48 % less in the last five years of the study than initially in the two areas, and was very closely correlated with deer pellet-group counts. In Glen Lui heather cover increased significantly but height increases were small. In Glen Derry heather increased significantly in height but little in cover. We attributed the different response to the presence of a secondary grazer (rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Glen Lui and also better conditions for heather growth on the drier soils there; rabbits grazemore delicately than deer, taking mainly the shoottips of heather and thus encourage lateral shootgrowth. In Glen Lui heather response also varied between four radial zones based on distance from the feeding grounds. At best, there was appreciable recovery four years after the easing of deer grazing pressure, but average amounts of recovery were modest.","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121766310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A selection of papers published in Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh (1836–1990) an introduction","authors":"L. Nagy","doi":"10.1080/03746600608685114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03746600608685114","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The Botanical Society of Edinburgh, founded in 1836, published Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh until 1990, when the name of the Society was changed to the Botanical Society of Scotland and the name of the journal was changed to Botanical Journal of Scotland. The change signalled the formalisation of the Society becoming a Scotland-wide organisation, following the earlier establishment of local Groups, such as those at the Universities of Aberdeen, St Andrews, Stifling and Glasgow. The change in the name of the journal occurred shortly after the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE, http://www.rae.ac.uk/) became, in 1986, the basis for assessing the quality of research activity undertaken in university departments. The RAE takes into account the number and quality of publications produced by full-time staff over a time period. A simple measure of quality is the impact factor of the journal in which a research article is published. This method of assessing the value of a publication evidently led to a drop in the number of papers submitted to low impact factor journals, especially local ones. Journals such as those published by the Botanical Society of Edinburgh/Botanical Society of Scotland had no impact factor at all and became regarded by academic staff as a 'waste of time'. The process has become more and more evident with time and the rate of submissions to the Botanical Journal of Scotland has ebbed, reaching such a low that the editor of the journal was required to actively solicit submissions in order to fill an issue. One area of success of the Botanical Journal of Scotland was the publication of papers from special symposia, such those on the environmental history of the Cairngorms (published in Volume 48, Part 1, 1996), or 'Scottish vegetation: plant ecology in Scotland' (published in Volume 49, Part 2, 1997). Unfortunately, these useful compilations have reached very few international readers outside the membership of the Society. Against this backdrop it was decided recently that the publication of the Botanical Journal of Scotland was no longer viable. The options were to abandon its publication, to switch to an irregular on-line publication, or fundamentally redesign it and launch it anew as an aspiring international plant biology journal, Plant Ecology and Diversity. The Council of the Society supported the last of these options. As a result, the reader is holding the last issue of the Botanical Journal of Scotland in their hands. Closing an era provided an opportunity for","PeriodicalId":365547,"journal":{"name":"Botanical Journal of Scotland","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121904457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}