Japanese journal of biometrics最新文献_第4页

Bayesian Indexes of Superiority and Equivalence and the p-value of the F-test for the Variances of Normal Distributions 贝叶斯优势指数和等价指数以及正态分布方差的f检验的p值

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2017-07-31 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.38.1

Masaaki Doi, K. Ide, Y. Kawasaki

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Resampling Methods for Bias-Reduced Estimation of Prediction Error: A Simulation Study Based on Real Datasets from Biomarker Discovery Studies 减少偏倚估计预测误差的重采样方法的比较:基于生物标志物发现研究的真实数据集的模拟研究

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2017-07-31 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.38.17

K. Kakumoto, Y. Tochizawa

{"title":"Comparison of Resampling Methods for Bias-Reduced Estimation of Prediction Error: A Simulation Study Based on Real Datasets from Biomarker Discovery Studies","authors":"K. Kakumoto, Y. Tochizawa","doi":"10.5691/JJB.38.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5691/JJB.38.17","url":null,"abstract":"Stepwise logistic regression is the traditional and most commonly used method for identifying biomarkers and evaluating the magnitude of their eﬀects based on clinical data. Here, we evaluated the performance of the resampling methods leave-one-out cross-validation, 10-fold cross-validation, bootstrap, and .632+ bootstrap in terms of internal validation of prediction analysis using stepwise logistic regression. We conducted simulation studies to compare the ability of these methods to estimate prediction accuracy based on simulation settings (including statistical models) derived from two real biomarker discovery studies (Ogata et al., Leukemia Research 2012; 36: 1229–1236; Yoshimi et al., Molecular Psychiatry 2016; 21: 1504–1510). The simulation results revealed that leave-one-out cross-validation, 10-fold cross-validation, and .632+ bootstrap were comparable in terms of the root mean square error. We therefore recommend the application of these methods to similar biomarker discovery studies that involve approximately ten biomarkers with or without binary biomarkers (such as sex) and various degrees of correlation between the biomarkers. samples were deﬁned to evaluate the methods accurately, and the cut oﬀ values were set at three values for application of ROC. Our results indicate that the performances of leave-one-out cross-validation, 10-fold cross-validation, and .632+ bootstrap are comparable under previously encountered conditions.","PeriodicalId":365545,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of biometrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114325087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Closed Testing Procedures Based on x̅ 2-Statistics in Multi-Sample Models with Bernoulli Responses under Simple Ordered Restrictions 简单有序条件下具有伯努利响应的多样本模型中基于x - 2统计量的封闭检验方法

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.37.67

T. Shiraishi, Shin-ichi Matsuda

{"title":"Closed Testing Procedures Based on x̅ 2-Statistics in Multi-Sample Models with Bernoulli Responses under Simple Ordered Restrictions","authors":"T. Shiraishi, Shin-ichi Matsuda","doi":"10.5691/JJB.37.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5691/JJB.37.67","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple comparison procedures provide differences among the groups that is of interest. The procedures are used in clinical trials and agricultural fields experiments. We consider multi-sample model with Bernoulli responses under simple ordered restrictions of proportions. Shiraishi (2014b) proposed closed testing procedures based on maximum values of two-sample test statistics for all pairwise comparisons. The equality of sample sizes is needed in the asymptotic theory of Shiraishi’s procedures. We propose closed testing procedures based on statistics having asymptotically a χ̄-distribution which is appeared in Chernoff (1954). The proposed procedures are applicable for the models with unequal sample sizes. Although single-step multiple comparison procedures are utilized in general, the power of these procedures is low for a large number of groups. The closed testing procedures stated in the present paper are more powerful than the single-step procedures. Simulation studies are performed under the null hypothesis and some alternative hypotheses. In this studies, the proposed procedures show a good performance. We also illustrate applying to a dose-finding trial data with unequal sample sizes.","PeriodicalId":365545,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of biometrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125804118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessment of Intrasub ject Parallelism in Ex Vivo Bioassay Using Two One-Sided Tolerance Limits 用两个单侧容忍限评价体外生物测定中受试者体内平行度

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.37.101

H. Uehara, K. Satoh, Nagisa Komokata, Yohei Tokita, Mitsue Nishiyama, Maiko Iida, Junko Ishikawa, Kazuo Ogawa, Masahiro Yamamoto

引用次数: 0

Estimating the Diagnostic Accuracy from Multiple Raters Based on a Bivariate Random Effects Model 基于双变量随机效应模型的多重评分者诊断准确度估计

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2016-07-31 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.37.23

H. Saeki, T. Tango, Jinfang Wang

{"title":"Estimating the Diagnostic Accuracy from Multiple Raters Based on a Bivariate Random Effects Model","authors":"H. Saeki, T. Tango, Jinfang Wang","doi":"10.5691/JJB.37.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5691/JJB.37.23","url":null,"abstract":"In clinical investigations designed to demonstrate the eﬃcacy of a diagnostic procedure, the procedure is usually evaluated by multiple independent raters. Although the sensitivity and speciﬁcity may be estimated by considering consensus evaluations to treat results from multiple raters as if there were a single rater, raters are not consid-ered independent in consensus evaluations. Typically, estimation methods are based on an “average rater” or a “majority rater” to account for multiple raters. In this paper, we propose a method for summarizing sensitivities and speciﬁcities evaluated from multiple independent raters based on a bivariate random eﬀects model (BVRM) to account between-rater variance and correlation between sensitivity and speciﬁcity. In addition, we propose methods to draw joint conﬁdence regions of sensitivity and speciﬁcity based on the BVRM. Simulation results show that the diﬀerences in the biases between the proposed method and the average rater method are small and that the empirical coverage probabilities of the proposed joint conﬁdence regions are close to the nominal level. The proposed methods are illustrated using data from ﬂorbetapir F 18 positron emission tomographic imaging to predict the presence of β -amyloid in the brains of subjects with Alzheimer’s We an If each of exceeded , the was to otherwise, it was to zero. Similarly, if each element of the matrix for the speciﬁcities exceeded z p b ) , the outcome of the element was set to one; otherwise, it was set to zero. Here, z − p ) is the 100 p percentile of the standard distribution. our simulation study, 10,000 data sets were","PeriodicalId":365545,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of biometrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132468547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Combinability of Animal Data in Relative Potency Estimations 相对效价估计中动物数据的可组合性

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2016-07-31 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.37.45

H. Uehara, K. Satoh, Nagisa Komokata, Yohei Tokita, Mitsue Nishiyama, Maiko Iida, Junko Ishikawa, Kazuo Ogawa, Masahiro Yamamoto

{"title":"Combinability of Animal Data in Relative Potency Estimations","authors":"H. Uehara, K. Satoh, Nagisa Komokata, Yohei Tokita, Mitsue Nishiyama, Maiko Iida, Junko Ishikawa, Kazuo Ogawa, Masahiro Yamamoto","doi":"10.5691/JJB.37.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5691/JJB.37.45","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we propose a strategy to show the combinability of multiple animal datasets in a parallel-line assay to estimate the relative potency. The following three assumptions are made in the linear ﬁxed-eﬀect modeling, and we examine if any of them result in nonconformance: For inferences about relative potency, a) is essential, and we derived a new metrics, intrasubject parallelism criterion (ISP), via the translation of aggregated individual bioequivalence criterion stated in the regulatory guidance (Food and Drug Administration, 2001). For b) and c), we used the 95% conﬁdence interval of the I 2 criterion, which is commonly used to evaluate the interstudy homogeneity in a meta-analysis (Higgins and Thompson, 2002). For choosing the thresholds, we applied the conven-tions used in the guideline. The proposed procedure is demonstrated in an example analysis, and its properties are evaluated through a Monte Carlo simulation. The power of our proposed intrasubject parallelism criterion was shown to be high for designs of moderate size, but the demonstration of homogeneity via I 2 was rather conservative.","PeriodicalId":365545,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of biometrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132550838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Estimating Treatment Effect of High Hemoglobin Using the Principal Stratification Approach 用主分层法估计高血红蛋白治疗效果

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2016-07-31 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.37.7

J. Moriya, Y. Matsuyama

{"title":"Estimating Treatment Effect of High Hemoglobin Using the Principal Stratification Approach","authors":"J. Moriya, Y. Matsuyama","doi":"10.5691/JJB.37.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5691/JJB.37.7","url":null,"abstract":"Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease. A high hemoglobin level targeted in the treatment of anemia has been controversial because recent overseas studies have reported that it did not affect renal survival or increased the risk of cardiovascular events. In the motivation study, patients with CKD were randomly assigned to high or low hemoglobin target group (11.0–13.0 or 9.0–11.0 g/dL). The comparison of groups for the composite of renal events as the primary endpoint revealed no significant differences (p = 0.111). In these studies, ad hoc analyses suggested that a high hemoglobin level may potentially reduce cardiovascular events. However, those results could not precisely estimate the effect of treatment with high hemoglobin because of post-treatment selection bias. To address this problem, we used the method based on principal stratification approach to estimate the causal effect of Partial Responders by which the treatment effect of high hemoglobin can be evaluated. The results suggested that not only Partial but also Always Responders may benefit more from high hemoglobin treatment than Never Responders. These data suggest that patients with CKD can receive benefit from high hemoglobin treatment, who can respond to that treatment.","PeriodicalId":365545,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of biometrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124263766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is the Second Independent Diagnostic Test in Medical Diagnosis Useful 第二次独立诊断测试在医学诊断中有用吗

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2016-01-31 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.36.53

Kasumi Iwamoto, Ryo Tajiri, Keigo Fujikawa, T. Yanagawa

引用次数: 1

構造化仮説群の多重性制御法 1（Gatekeeping法）構造化仮説群の多重性制御法 1（Gatekeeping法）

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2015-11-30 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.36.S147

坂巻顕太郎

引用次数: 0

構造化仮説群の多重性制御法 2（Graphical Approach，固定順序法，Fallback法）構造化仮説群の多重性制御法 2（Graphical Approach，固定順序法，Fallback法）

Japanese journal of biometrics Pub Date : 2015-11-30 DOI: 10.5691/JJB.36.S173

M. Fujiwara

引用次数: 0