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Arabinogalactan proteins – Multifunctional glycoproteins of the plant cell wall 阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白——植物细胞壁的多功能糖蛋白
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100102
Yingxuan Ma , Kim Johnson
{"title":"Arabinogalactan proteins – Multifunctional glycoproteins of the plant cell wall","authors":"Yingxuan Ma ,&nbsp;Kim Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are cell wall glycoproteins that make up a relatively small component of the extracellular matrix of plants yet have significant influence on wall mechanics and signalling. Present in walls of algae, bryophytes and angiosperms, AGPs have a wide range of functional roles, from signalling, cell expansion and division, embryogenesis, responses to abiotic and biotic stress, plant growth and development. AGPs interact with and influence wall matrix components and plasma membrane proteins to regulate developmental pathways and growth responses, yet the exact mechanisms remain elusive. Comprising a large gene family that is highly diverse, from minimally to highly glycosylated members, varying in their glycan heterogeneity, can be plasma membrane bound or secreted into the extracellular matrix, have members that are highly tissue specific to those with constitutive expression; all these factors have made it extremely challenging to categorise AGPs many qualities and roles. Here we attempt to define some key features of AGPs and their biological functions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2b/e9/main.PMC9974416.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10844521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
An update on xylan structure, biosynthesis, and potential commercial applications 木聚糖结构、生物合成和潜在商业应用的最新进展
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100101
Thomas M. Curry , Maria J. Peña , Breeanna R. Urbanowicz
{"title":"An update on xylan structure, biosynthesis, and potential commercial applications","authors":"Thomas M. Curry ,&nbsp;Maria J. Peña ,&nbsp;Breeanna R. Urbanowicz","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d1/03/main.PMC9898438.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10725199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
A transferrin receptor’s guide to African trypanosomes 非洲锥虫的转铁蛋白受体指南
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100100
Michael D. Urbaniak , Catarina Gadelha
{"title":"A transferrin receptor’s guide to African trypanosomes","authors":"Michael D. Urbaniak ,&nbsp;Catarina Gadelha","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10311239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10022500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Branched mannan and xyloglucan as a dynamic duo in plant cell walls 甘露聚糖和木葡聚糖在植物细胞壁中的动态组合
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100098
Annika Grieß-Osowski , Cătălin Voiniciuc
{"title":"Branched mannan and xyloglucan as a dynamic duo in plant cell walls","authors":"Annika Grieß-Osowski ,&nbsp;Cătălin Voiniciuc","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9900609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10684082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Insights into pectin O-acetylation in the plant cell wall: structure, synthesis, and modification 植物细胞壁果胶O-乙酰化的结构、合成和修饰
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100099
Lubana Shahin , Liang Zhang , Debra Mohnen , Breeanna R. Urbanowicz
{"title":"Insights into pectin O-acetylation in the plant cell wall: structure, synthesis, and modification","authors":"Lubana Shahin ,&nbsp;Liang Zhang ,&nbsp;Debra Mohnen ,&nbsp;Breeanna R. Urbanowicz","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>O</em>-Acetyl esterification is an important structural and functional feature of pectins present in the cell walls of all land plants. The amount and positions of pectin acetyl substituents varies across plant tissues and stages of development. Plant growth and response to biotic and abiotic stress are known to be significantly influenced by pectin <em>O</em>-acetylation. Gel formation is a key characteristic of pectins, and many studies have shown that gel formation is dependent upon the degree of acetylation. Previous studies have indicated that members of the TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE (TBL) family may play a role in the <em>O</em>-acetylation of pectin, however, biochemical evidence for acceptor specific pectin acetyltransferase activity remains to be confirmed and the exact mechanism(s) for catalysis must be determined. Pectin acetylesterases (PAEs) affect pectin acetylation as they hydrolyze acetylester bonds and have a role in the amount and distribution of <em>O</em>-acetylation. Several mutant studies suggest the critical role of pectin <em>O</em>-acetylation; however, additional research is required to fully understand this. This review aims to discuss the importance, role, and putative mechanism of pectin <em>O</em>-acetylation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49788816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Carrageenan biosynthesis in red algae: A review 红藻中卡拉胶的生物合成研究进展
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100097
Antonin Chevenier, Diane Jouanneau, Elizabeth Ficko-Blean
{"title":"Carrageenan biosynthesis in red algae: A review","authors":"Antonin Chevenier,&nbsp;Diane Jouanneau,&nbsp;Elizabeth Ficko-Blean","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the biosynthesis of carrageenan by exploring both the enzyme activities and their localizations. Genomic data, with the sequencing of the genome of <em>Chondrus crispus</em> and the first transcriptomic study into the life cycle stages of this organism, as well as fine carbohydrate structural determination of matrix glycans, provide leads in the study of carrageenan anabolism. Comparison to related carbohydrate-active enzymes, detailed phylogenies alongside classic histochemical studies and radioactivity assays, help predict the localization of the carrageenan-related enzyme biochemistries. Using these insights, we provide an updated model of carrageenan biosynthesis which contributes to understanding the ancestral pathway of sulfated polysaccharide biosynthesis in eukaryotes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10311240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10121790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cell wall regulation by carbon allocation and sugar signaling 碳分配和糖信号对细胞壁的调节
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100096
Delphine Pottier , Thomas Roitsch , Staffan Persson
{"title":"Cell wall regulation by carbon allocation and sugar signaling","authors":"Delphine Pottier ,&nbsp;Thomas Roitsch ,&nbsp;Staffan Persson","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f6/09/main.PMC10311191.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10104583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding Aspergillus fumigatus galactosaminogalactan biosynthesis: A few questions remain 了解烟曲霉氨基半乳聚糖生物合成：仍有几个问题
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100095
François Le Mauff , Donald C. Sheppard
{"title":"Understanding Aspergillus fumigatus galactosaminogalactan biosynthesis: A few questions remain","authors":"François Le Mauff ,&nbsp;Donald C. Sheppard","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Half a century after their discovery, polymers of <em>N</em>-acetylgalactosamine produced by the Aspergilli have garnered new interest as mediators of fungal virulence. Recent work has focused on the <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> secreted and cell wall-associated heteropolymer, galactosaminogalactan (GAG). This polymer, composed of galactose (Gal) and partially deacetylated <em>N</em>-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), plays a role in a variety of pathogenic processes including biofilm formation, immune modulation and evasion, and resistance to antifungals. Given its many potential contributions to fungal pathogenesis, GAG is a promising therapeutic target for novel antifungal strategies. As such, several studies have sought to elucidate the biosynthetic pathways required for GAG production and secretion. Herein we review the progress made in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying GAG synthesis and identify several gaps in our understanding of this process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49788814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The EXTENSIN enigma EXTENSIN之谜
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2023-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100094
Steven Moussu , Gwyneth Ingram
{"title":"The EXTENSIN enigma","authors":"Steven Moussu ,&nbsp;Gwyneth Ingram","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>EXTENSINS (EXTs) are an abundant and yet enigmatic class of cell wall proteins that are found across multicellular plant lineages, from Bryophytes to Angiosperms. They have been shown to be integrated within the cell wall matrix, and are proposed to play key roles in the dynamic regulation of cell-wall properties. Consistent with this, EXTs are thought to be important for plant growth and development. However, like many other classes of cell wall proteins, EXTs are biochemically complex, highly diverse, and are encoded by multiple genes, making in-depth functional characterization a challenging undertaking. Here we will provide an overview of current knowledge of the biochemistry and properties of EXTs, and of the tools that have been deployed to study their biological functions in plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0c/ab/main.PMC9842689.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9116986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Characterizing the role of phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate phosphatases in Acinetobacter baumannii cell envelope biogenesis and antibiotic resistance 磷脂酰甘油磷酸磷酸酶在鲍曼不动杆菌细胞包膜生物发生和抗生素耐药性中的作用
Cell Surface Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2022.100092
Maoge Zang , Alice Ascari , Felise G. Adams , Saleh Alquethamy , Bart A. Eijkelkamp
{"title":"Characterizing the role of phosphatidylglycerol-phosphate phosphatases in Acinetobacter baumannii cell envelope biogenesis and antibiotic resistance","authors":"Maoge Zang ,&nbsp;Alice Ascari ,&nbsp;Felise G. Adams ,&nbsp;Saleh Alquethamy ,&nbsp;Bart A. Eijkelkamp","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2022.100092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2022.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dissemination of multi-drug resistant <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> threatens global healthcare systems and necessitates the development of novel therapeutic options. The Gram-negative bacterial cell envelope provides a first defensive barrier against antimicrobial assault. Essential components of this multi-layered complex are the phospholipid-rich membranes. Phosphatidylglycerol phosphate (PGP) phosphatases are responsible for a key step in the biosynthesis of a major phospholipid species, phosphatidylglycerol (PG), but these enzymes have also been implicated in the biogenesis of other cell envelope components. Our bioinformatics analyses identified two putative PGP candidates in the <em>A. baumannii</em> genome, PgpA and PgpB. Phospholipid analyses of isogenic <em>pgpA</em> mutants in two distinct <em>A. baumannii</em> strains revealed a shift in the desaturation levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) phospholipid species, possibly due to the activation of the phospholipid desaturase DesA. We also investigated the impact of the inner membrane phosphatases on other cell envelope components, which revealed a role of PgpB in the maintenance of the <em>A. baumannii</em> peptidoglycan layer, and consequently carbapenem resistance. Collectively, this work provides novel insights into the roles of PGP phosphatases on the global lipidomic landscape of <em>A. baumannii</em> and their interconnectivity with the biogenesis of other cell envelope components. The non-essentiality of these candidates exemplifies metabolic versatility of <em>A. baumannii</em>, which is believed to be key to its success as global pathogen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49788817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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