Cell Surface最新文献

{"title":"Leucine rich repeat-malectin receptor kinases IGP1/CORK1, IGP3 and IGP4 are required for arabidopsis immune responses triggered by β-1,4-D-Xylo-oligosaccharides from plant cell walls","authors":"Patricia Fernández-Calvo ,&nbsp;Gemma López ,&nbsp;Marina Martín-Dacal ,&nbsp;Meriem Aitouguinane ,&nbsp;Cristian Carrasco-López ,&nbsp;Sara González-Bodí ,&nbsp;Laura Bacete ,&nbsp;Hugo Mélida ,&nbsp;Andrea Sánchez-Vallet ,&nbsp;Antonio Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI) in plants is activated upon recognition by Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) of Damage- and Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs and MAMPs) from plants or microorganisms, respectively. An increasing number of identified DAMPs/MAMPs are carbohydrates from plant cell walls and microbial extracellular layers, which are perceived by plant PRRs, such as LysM and Leucine Rich Repeat-Malectin (LRR-MAL) receptor kinases (RKs). LysM-RKs (e.g. CERK1, LYK4 and LYK5) are needed for recognition of fungal MAMP chitohexaose (β-1,4-D-(GlcNAc)₆, CHI6), whereas IGP1/CORK1, IGP3 and IGP4 LRR-MAL RKs are required for perception of β-glucans, like cellotriose (β-1,4-D-(Glc)₃, CEL3) and mixed-linked glucans. We have explored the diversity of carbohydrates perceived by <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> seedlings by determining PTI responses upon treatment with different oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. These analyses revealed that plant oligosaccharides from xylans [β-1,4-D-(xylose)₄ (XYL4)], glucuronoxylans and α-1,4-glucans, and polysaccharides from plants and seaweeds activate PTI. Cross-elicitation experiments of XYL4 with other glycans showed that the mechanism of recognition of XYL4 and the DAMP 3³-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-xylotetraose (XA₃XX) shares some features with that of CEL3 but differs from that of CHI6. Notably, XYL4 and XA₃XX perception is impaired in <em>igp1/cork1, igp3</em> and <em>igp4</em> mutants, and almost not affected in <em>cerk1 lyk4 lyk5</em> triple mutant. XYL4 perception is conserved in different plant species since XYL4 pre-treatment triggers enhanced disease resistance in tomato to <em>Pseudomonas syringae</em> pv <em>tomato</em> DC3000 and PTI responses in wheat. These results expand the number of glycans triggering plant immunity and support IGP1/CORK1, IGP3 and IGP4 relevance in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> glycans perception and PTI activation.</p></div><div><h3>Significance Statement</h3><p>The characterization of plant immune mechanisms involved in the perception of carbohydrate-based structures recognized as DAMPs/MAMPs is needed to further understand plant disease resistance modulation. We show here that IGP1/CORK1, IGP3 and IGP4 LRR-MAL RKs are required for the perception of carbohydrate-based DAMPs β-1,4-D-(xylose)₄ (XYL4) and 3³-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-xylotetraose (XA₃XX), further expanding the function of these LRR-MAL RKs in plant glycan perception and immune activation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233024000069/pdfft?md5=b4df742d1e119c978479e3078e773fde&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233024000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140533453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic modulation: Pneumocystis phosphoglucomutase is a target influencing host recognition","authors":"Theodore J. Kottom ,&nbsp;Eva M. Carmona ,&nbsp;Bernd Lepenies ,&nbsp;Andrew H. Limper","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herein, this manuscript explores the significance of the phosphoglucomutase (PGM) enzyme in <em>Pneumocystis</em> spp., focusing on its role in fungal surface mannoprotein formation. Through expression of the <em>Pneumocystis murina Pmpgm2</em> in a <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae pgm2Δ</em> strain, we demonstrate restoration of binding to the mannose receptor (MR) and macrophages to wildtype yeast levels in this complemented strain. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) confirmed reduced mannose content in the <em>pgm2Δ</em> yeast strain compared to the wild-type and complemented <em>Pmpgm2</em> cDNA-expressing strains. This study underscores fungal PGM function in dolichol glucosyl phosphate biosynthesis, crucial for proper cell wall mannoprotein formation. Furthermore, highlighting the conservation of targetable cysteine residues across fungal pathogens, PGM inhibition maybe a potential therapeutic strategy against a broad spectrum of fungal infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233024000057/pdfft?md5=cd9f34cba7959a467ab1e8b22534c651&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233024000057-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top five unanswered questions in bacterial cell wall research","authors":"Sarah M. Batt ,&nbsp;Katherine A. Abrahams ,&nbsp;Gurdyal S. Besra","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233024000045/pdfft?md5=2eeff22755cc33280315a7452506081f&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233024000045-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139936454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top five unanswered questions in plant cell surface research","authors":"Wout Boerjan ,&nbsp;Vincent Burlat ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Cosgrove ,&nbsp;Christophe Dunand ,&nbsp;Paul Dupree ,&nbsp;Kalina T. Haas ,&nbsp;Gwyneth Ingram ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Jamet ,&nbsp;Debra Mohnen ,&nbsp;Steven Moussu ,&nbsp;Alexis Peaucelle ,&nbsp;Staffan Persson ,&nbsp;Cătălin Voiniciuc ,&nbsp;Herman Höfte","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant cell wall researchers were asked their view on what the major unanswered questions are in their field. This article summarises the feedback that was received from them in five questions. In this issue you can find equivalent syntheses for researchers working on bacterial, unicellular parasite and fungal systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233024000033/pdfft?md5=e30e865172f8a5fc982da0e4fca9f0eb&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233024000033-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139871611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrastructural and morphological studies on variables affecting Escherichia coli with selected commercial antibiotics","authors":"Nur Afrina Muhamad Hendri ,&nbsp;Nur Asyura Nor Amdan ,&nbsp;Shelly Olevia Dounis ,&nbsp;Norzarila Sulaiman Najib ,&nbsp;Santhana Raj Louis","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Many studies reported the effects of antibiotic exposure on <em>E. coli</em> bacterial growth and cell modification. However, scarce descriptive information on ultrastructural effects upon exposure of commercial antibiotics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study described the morphological and ultrastructural alterations caused by selected antibiotics (amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftriaxone, polymyxin B, colistin, gentamicin, and amikacin) that targeted cell wall, plasma membrane, and cytoplasmic density, and also proteins synthesis. We determined extracellular morphological changes of exposure through scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and intracellular activities through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>FESEM and TEM micrograph of <em>E. coli</em> exposed with selected antibiotics shows ultrastructural changes in beta-lactam class (amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftriaxone) elongated the cells as the cell wall was altered as it inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, polymyxin class (polymyxin B, colistin) had plasmid and curli-fimbriae as it breaking down the plasma/cytoplasmic membrane, and aminoglycoside class (gentamicin, and amikacin) reduced ribosome concentration as it inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30 s ribosomes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Morphological and ultrastructural alterations of <em>E. coli</em>’s mechanism of actions were translated and depicted. This study could be reference for characterization studies for morphological and ultrastructural of <em>E. coli</em> upon exposure to antimicrobial agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233024000021/pdfft?md5=e47390b00c583a3b62ca71468a7a1a5f&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233024000021-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139503891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockout of eight hydroxyproline-O-galactosyltransferases cause multiple vegetative and reproductive growth defects","authors":"Dasmeet Kaur ,&nbsp;Michael A. Held ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Diana Moreira ,&nbsp;Silvia Coimbra ,&nbsp;Allan M. Showalter","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are a family of hyperglycosylated hydroxyproline-rich cell wall proteins found throughout the plant kingdom. To date, eight Hydroxyproline-galactosyltransferases (Hyp-GALTs), named GALT2-GALT9, are known to catalyze the addition of the first galactose sugar to Hyp residues in AGP protein cores. The generation and characterization of <em>galt23456789</em> octuple mutants using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology, provided strong reverse genetic evidence that AG glycans are essential for normal vegetative and reproductive growth, as these mutants demonstrated stunted growth, greatly delayed flowering and significant defects in floral organ development and morphogenesis. Compared to the lower seed set of <em>galt25789</em> quintuple mutants being more so contributed by female gametophytic defects, dramatically low seed-set of octuple mutants was largely due to impaired male reproductive function, specifically due to shorter filaments, delayed anther dehiscence, and large decreases in pollen quantity and viability. Octuple mutant pollen had severely distorted reticulate exine, tectum patterning and intine thickness. Reduced amounts of galactose and arabinose in overall lower amounts of β-Yariv precipitated AGPs illustrated how biological functions of AGPs are affected by abnormal glycosylation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233023000245/pdfft?md5=97a2b425d59c79579fff34e40dcd748e&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233023000245-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138454011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of benzothiazinone and ethambutol on the integrity of the corynebacterial cell envelope","authors":"Fabian M. Meyer ,&nbsp;Urska Repnik ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Karnaukhova ,&nbsp;Karin Schubert ,&nbsp;Marc Bramkamp","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mycomembrane (MM) is a mycolic acid layer covering the surface of Mycobacteria and related species. This group includes important pathogens such as <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em>, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, but also the biotechnologically important strain <em>Corynebacterium glutamicum</em>. Biosynthesis of the MM is an attractive target for antibiotic intervention. The first line anti-tuberculosis drug ethambutol (EMB) and the new drug candidate, benzothiazinone 043 (BTZ) interfere with the synthesis of the arabinogalactan (AG), which is a structural scaffold for covalently attached mycolic acids that form the inner leaflet of the MM. We previously showed that <em>C. glutamicum</em> cells treated with a sublethal concentration of EMB lose the integrity of the MM. In this study we examined the effects of BTZ on the cell envelope. Our work shows that BTZ efficiently blocks the apical growth machinery, however effects in combinatorial treatment with β-lactam antibiotics are only additive, not synergistic. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed a distinct middle layer in the septum of control cells considered to be the inner leaflet of the MM covalently attached to the AG. This layer was not detectable in the septa of BTZ or EMB treated cells. In addition, we observed that EMB treated cells have a thicker and less electron dense peptidoglycan (PG). While EMB and BTZ both effectively block elongation growth, BTZ also strongly reduces septal cell wall synthesis, slowing down growth effectively. This renders BTZ treated cells likely more tolerant to antibiotics that act on growing bacteria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233023000233/pdfft?md5=7e88dd37fe3df702d4e7c1c72976e025&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233023000233-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134655670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The plasma membrane – cell wall nexus in plant cells: focus on the Hechtian structure","authors":"Denise S. Arico ,&nbsp;Johanna E.M. Dickmann ,&nbsp;Olivier Hamant ,&nbsp;Hervé Canut","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Across all kingdoms of life, cells secrete an extracellular polymer mesh that in turn feeds back onto them. This entails physical connections between the plasma membrane and the polymer mesh. In plant cells, one connection stands out: the Hechtian strand which, during plasmolysis, reflects the existence of a physical link between the plasma membrane of the retracting protoplast and the cell wall. The Hechtian strand is part of a larger structure, which we call the Hechtian structure, that comprises the Hechtian strand, the Hechtian reticulum and the Hechtian attachment sites. Although it has been observed for more than 100 years, its molecular composition and biological functions remain ill-described. A comprehensive characterization of the Hechtian structure is a critical step towards understanding this plasma membrane-cell wall connection and its relevance in cell signaling. This short review intends to highlight the main features of the Hechtian structure, in order to provide a clear framework for future research in this under-explored and promising field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233023000221/pdfft?md5=c87b0319b8722038de40ccddf678a06e&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233023000221-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92148893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top five unanswered questions in fungal cell surface research","authors":"Neil A.R. Gow ,&nbsp;Arturo Casadevall ,&nbsp;Wenxia Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246823302300021X/pdfft?md5=9d017648b39916b0cb53e298a5b27b84&pid=1-s2.0-S246823302300021X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91609379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Trypanosoma-induced vascular damage sheds insights into Trypanosoma vivax sequestration","authors":"Sara Silva Pereira ,&nbsp;Daniela Brás ,&nbsp;Teresa Porqueddu ,&nbsp;Ana M. Nascimento ,&nbsp;Mariana De Niz","doi":"10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiple blood-borne pathogens infecting mammals establish close interactions with the host vascular endothelium as part of their life cycles. In this work, we investigate differences in the interactions of three <em>Trypanosoma</em> species: <em>T. brucei, T. congolense</em> and <em>T. vivax</em> with the blood vasculature. Infection with these species results in vastly different pathologies, including different effects on vascular homeostasis, such as changes in vascular permeability and microhemorrhages. While all three species are extracellular parasites, <em>T. congolense</em> is strictly intravascular, while <em>T. brucei</em> is capable of surviving both extra- and intravascularly. Our knowledge regarding <em>T. vivax</em> tropism and its capacity of migration across the vascular endothelium is unknown. In this work, we show for the first time that <em>T. vivax</em> parasites sequester to the vascular endothelium of most organs, and that, like <em>T. congolense, T. vivax</em> Y486 is largely incapable of extravasation. Infection with this parasite species results in a unique effect on vascular endothelium receptors including general downregulation of ICAM1 and ESAM, and upregulation of VCAM1, CD36 and E-selectin. Our findings on the differences between the two sequestering species (<em>T. congolense</em> and <em>T. vivax</em>) and the non-sequestering, but extravasating, <em>T. brucei</em> raise important questions on the relevance of sequestration to the parasite’s survival in the mammalian host, and the evolutionary relevance of both sequestration and extravasation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36539,"journal":{"name":"Cell Surface","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468233023000208/pdfft?md5=8c4ffd2ad9989855b58df363f58f3d37&pid=1-s2.0-S2468233023000208-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92116858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}