P. Krysik, L. Maslikowski, P. Samczyński, A. Kurowská
{"title":"Bistatic ground-based passive SAR imaging using TerraSAR-X as an illuminator of opportunity","authors":"P. Krysik, L. Maslikowski, P. Samczyński, A. Kurowská","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6651956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6651956","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an experiment with bistatic passive SAR imaging in a scenario involving the TerraSAR-X satellite as an illuminator of opportunity and a static, ground-based receiver. The experiment was performed during a measurement campaign carried out by the Warsaw University of Technology in July 2012. In the paper the design of an X-Band receiver system and the bistatic SAR processing used for imaging are described. Also the resultant images produced for different polarizations of transmitted waves are included.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121442636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Vu, S. Davey, S. Arulampalam, F. Fletcher, C. Lim
{"title":"H-PMHT with a Poisson measurement model","authors":"H. Vu, S. Davey, S. Arulampalam, F. Fletcher, C. Lim","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652030","url":null,"abstract":"The Histogram Probabilistic Multi-Hypothesis Tracker (H-PMHT) is an efficient multi-target approach to the Track-before-detect (TkBD) problem. The tracking is based on the generation of a synthetic histogram by quantising the energy in the sensor data. The resultant quantised measurement is then modelled using a multinomial distribution and target state estimation is performed via Expectation-Maximisation based mixture modeling. This paper presents an alternative derivation of the H-PMHT based on a Poisson measurement model. The benefits of this new derivation are two-fold. First, direct estimation of the measurement likelihood is now possible under this new formulation, thereby eliminating any need for measurement quantisation. Second, the new derivation results in an improved measure for track quality by incorporating a time-correlated estimate for the target mixing proportions.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127184786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Gashinova, L. Daniel, E. Hoare, K. Kabakchiev, M. Cherniakov, V. Sizov
{"title":"Forward scatter radar mode for passive coherent location systems","authors":"M. Gashinova, L. Daniel, E. Hoare, K. Kabakchiev, M. Cherniakov, V. Sizov","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6651991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6651991","url":null,"abstract":"The transfer of the forward scatter concept to passive coherent location systems provides an emerging area of research. This paper investigates aspects of such a system through analysis and discussion of previous dedicated forward scatter radar research, showing that indeed the addition of a forward scatter channel to existing passive systems would enhance the current capabilities.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116821885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New approach to spectrum and emitter simulation: For the evaluation of radar and electronic warfare systems","authors":"J. Hansen, G. Jue","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652044","url":null,"abstract":"Radar and electronic warfare (EW) systems operate in an increasingly cluttered electro-magnetic (EM) environment. Evaluating system hardware with a variety of spectral and emitter scenarios helps characterize system performance in the presence of multiple emitters of interest and potential interferers that can be either non-intentional or intentional. DAC technology has evolved to the point where wide instantaneous bandwidths and high resolution is available with the current generation of arbitrary waveform generators (AWG). The true power of an AWG is in its ability to generate virtually any waveform downloaded into its memory making it easy to create radar and communications emitters scattered across a synthetic test range that simulates thousands of cubic miles of airspace. This paper will propose new approaches to spectrum and emitter simulation using high precision AWGs and investigate their use in applications which in the past have required a much more complicated, costly and multi-instrument solution. It will explore unique methods for baseband waveform creation, extending scenario length through the efficient use of memory, and upconversion of wideband composite signals to RF and microwave frequencies.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115658031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Where has all the spectrum gone?","authors":"H. Griffiths","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6651949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6651949","url":null,"abstract":"The RF spectrum, from below 1 MHz to above 100 GHz, represents a precious and strictly finite resource. It is used for a wide range of purposes including communications, radio and television broadcasting, radionavigation, and radar. All users have a need for greater bandwidth. As the demand from all of these users continues to grow for more access to spectrum, there is ever-greater competition for this resource. Radar represents a fundamentally important use of the EM spectrum, in applications which include Air Traffic Control, marine navigation, geophysical monitoring of Earth resources from space, automotive safety, weather tracking, as well as numerous applications in defence and security. The purpose of this paper is to explain the nature and severity of the spectrum congestion problem, and to describe a number of possible approaches to its solution, both from regulatory and technical points of view.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126939939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of first-order sea clutter spectrum characteristics for HF sky-surface wave radar","authors":"Yajun Li, Yinsheng Wei","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652015","url":null,"abstract":"HF OTH radar based on the hybrid operating mode of sky-wave transmitting and ground-wave receiving because of its special system layout and propagating characteristics, its first-order sea clutter spectrum characteristics are not just about oceanic dynamics and frequency, but also influenced by grazing angle, bistatic angle and ionospheric conditions, so it needs to consider these factors comprehensively. In this paper, according to the geometry configuration and characteristics of sky-surface OTH radar detection, the positioning principle were firstly analyzed. The formula of the Bragg frequency of first-order sea clutter is presented derived from the system configuration, the frequency shift and the broadening mechanism of first-order sea clutter is analyzed, and the effects of various factors like ionosphere, grazing angle and bistatic angle on the first-order sea clutter spectrum and the characteristics of frequency shift and broadening of sea clutter in detection ranges at different distances are analyzed through the simulation based on the system layout. Finally, the results of theoretic analysis are examined with the experimental results, and the dominant factor that cause sea clutter broadening is discussed. Simulation results show that the results of experiment consist with that of theoretic analysis.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127132603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Signal processing for ZLC-configuration insect-monitoring radars: Yields and sample biases","authors":"V. Drake","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652002","url":null,"abstract":"A radar design that has proved effective for monitoring insect migratory flights employs a vertical beam in which rotating linear polarization is combined with a very narrow-angle conical scan - the “ZLC configuration”. The rather complicated echo-intensity time series produced when an individual insect traverses the radar's beam contains information about the insect's size, shape, orientation, and trajectory. However, retrieval of the various parameters is not always successful and some types of targets and target traverses are more vulnerable to processing failure than others. Variations in the ability of a profiling radar to detect targets of different sizes and at different heights are understood and can be corrected for if the target sizes and speeds are known (as is the case with a fully analyzed ZLC echo), but differences in processing success rates represent an additional source of bias. This preliminary study identifies height, the peak signal intensity, and target numbers as factors affecting processing yield, and presents some examples to illustrate how they act. These three quantities are available for all detected targets, as is required for use in any scheme for taking account of processing losses when generating profiles of target density (and other measures of insect activity of value to entomologists).","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126500876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Track-Before-Detect on quantised intensity maps","authors":"B. Cheung, S. Davey","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652031","url":null,"abstract":"Track-Before-Detect has been shown to offer significant sensitivity improvements over point-measurement tracking. However, it uses the whole sensor intensity map as a measurement and it can be infeasible to communicate these maps around a distributed network. This paper investigates the degradation in detection and estimation performance when lossy compression is used to limit communication bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129897956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First results of maritime MTI with PAMIR multichannel data","authors":"V. Gracheva, D. Cerutti-Maori","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652032","url":null,"abstract":"Real multichannel sea data was collected with the radar system PAMIR. During the experiments a small boat acted as a cooperative target inside the observed scene. To evaluate the detectability of the target, the signal-to-clutter plus noise-ratio was evaluated, without any clutter suppression and after suppressing the clutter with single channel and multichannel processing methods. Both approaches were analyzed in dependency of the relative radial velocity of the target.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134643341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Marginal sample discriminant embedding for SAR automatic target recognition","authors":"Xian Liu, Yulin Huang, Jifang Pei, Jianyu Yang","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2013.6652017","url":null,"abstract":"Feature extraction is a crucial step in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR). In this paper, we propose a feature extraction method named marginal sample discriminant embedding (MSDE) which is based on manifold learning theory. This method can preserve class information and neighborhood information of original data during dimensionality reduction. It keeps neighbor relations of within-class samples and separates between-class samples in the low-dimensional feature space. In this method, sample discriminant coefficient is employed to give marginal sample an extra weight. Due to sample discriminant coefficient, discriminative capability of MSDE is enhanced. Experimental results based on MSTAR database show that the proposed method can improve recognition performance effectively.","PeriodicalId":365285,"journal":{"name":"2013 International Conference on Radar","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132104957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}