Neuroscience Insights最新文献

{"title":"Activity and State-Dependent Modulation of Salt Taste Behavior Via Pharyngeal Neurons in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>.","authors":"Shivam Kaushik, Kartik Singh, Rahul Kumar, Sachin Kumar, Srishti Sanghi, Teiichi Tanimura, Diego E Rincon-Limas, Pinky Kain","doi":"10.1177/26331055261440786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26331055261440786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium, which is present in NaCl (Sodium Chloride), is a vital nutrient required for numerous physiological processes. In animals, including <i>Drosophila</i>, low-salt concentrations induce attraction and high-salt concentrations trigger aversive behavior. Although the analysis of low and high salt concentrations in <i>Drosophila</i> has been described at the cellular level, the mechanisms governing high salt consumption and taste modulation remain unclear. Our study examined the neural basis of high NaCl consumption in adult <i>Drosophila</i>, focusing on how dietary adaptation influences salt acceptance. Our findings suggest that prolonged exposure to high salt alters the taste sensitivity of the pharyngeal labral sense organ (LSO) neurons, promoting increased salt intake, particularly under starvation conditions. This modulation requires active LSO neurons, as genetic suppression of their activity in high-salt-fed flies prevents excessive salt consumption under starvation or dopamine-supplemented feeding. Furthermore, multiple independent taste receptor neurons and pathways within the LSO contribute to this response. Silencing any one of these LSO neuron types can prevent excessive salt intake. In conclusion, our study suggests that <i>Drosophila</i> undergoes dietary salt adaptation over time, revealing a key mechanism for resetting salt appetite and related neural circuits.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"21 ","pages":"26331055261440786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mature Schwann Cells Derived From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration In Vivo.","authors":"Kazuaki Fujita, Ryosuke Ikeguchi, Tomoki Aoyama, Takashi Noguchi, Koichi Yoshimoto, Daichi Sakamoto, Terunobu Iwai, Tetsuya Miyamoto, Yuta Takeuchi, Momoko Nagai-Tanima, Daiki Nohara, Norie Tooi, Koichi Igura, Takayuki Kiboku, Rio Okama, Hiroyuki Ogasawara, Shuichi Matsuda","doi":"10.1177/26331055261443172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26331055261443172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) often cause persistent sensory and motor deficits that impair quality of life. To improve outcomes, cell-based therapies have been explored, and Schwann cells (SCs) are considered a promising option because of their essential roles in myelination and neurotrophic support. However, the clinical use of autologous SCs is limited by donor site morbidity and challenges in large-scale expansion, leading to growing interest in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived SCs. This study aimed to verify the therapeutic effects of iPSC-derived SCs in vivo and to determine whether the differentiation stage of the SCs influences their efficacy. We generated dibutyryl-cAMP-treated mature SCs and untreated immature SCs from iPSCs and transplanted them into a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model. Morphometric analysis showed that myelinated fiber density (fibers/mm²) was significantly higher in the mature SC group than in the control group (12 602 ± 1419 vs 10 105 ± 1673). Myelinated axon diameter (µm) was also significantly greater in the mature SC group (4.73 ± 0.25) compared with the immature SC (4.06 ± 0.28) and control (3.86 ± 0.15) groups. Electrophysiological testing demonstrated that compound muscle action potentials in the pedal adductor muscle were detected only in the mature SC group within 28 days after surgery. Western blot analysis of the tibialis anterior muscle showed significantly higher myosin heavy chain 1 (MYH1) expression in the mature SC group than in the control group. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed higher expression of <i>bNGF</i>, <i>CCL2</i>, and <i>LAMA2</i> in mature SCs than in immature SCs. Pathological analysis suggested accelerated Wallerian degeneration in the mature SC group. These results demonstrate that mature iPSC-derived Schwann cells, rather than immature ones, most effectively promote nerve regeneration both histologically and functionally in vivo, highlighting the critical importance of the SC differentiation stage for therapeutic efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"21 ","pages":"26331055261443172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-Examination and Extension of Manual Dexterity Behavioral Data in M1 Lesioned Adult Macaque Monkeys: A Survey of Therapies Induced Enhancement of Functional Recovery.","authors":"Eric M Rouiller","doi":"10.1177/26331055261421348","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26331055261421348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present report offers a survey, with re-examination and extension of data, of previously published intermediate papers on the functional recovery of manual dexterity in non-human primates following primary motor cortex (M1) lesion, either spontaneous or enhanced with 2 distinct therapies. For each monkey, the M1 lesion volume was derived from histological sections. As a result of data extension, spontaneous recovery is represented here by individual data points derived from 14 monkeys, while data points from 8 monkeys represent therapy enhanced recovery. One therapy consisted of the administration immediately post-lesion of an anti-Nogo-A antibody (n = 4); the other treatment was a delayed autologous cellular therapy (ANCE; n = 4). The manual dexterity performance was longitudinally assessed during several years with the modified Brinkman Board task, testing the ability to grasp small food pellets from horizontal or vertical slots, using the precision grip. After M1 lesion, the grasping score dropped to zero, followed by a spontaneous, incomplete recovery in untreated monkeys, characterized by a unique plateau of recovery. In the majority of treated monkeys (n = 6), there was an additional second plateau of recovery, reflecting the effect of the treatment. Statistical non-parametric comparisons between the 14 untreated versus the 8 treated data points showed a statistically significant difference between the 2 subpopulations, based both on univariate statistics and bivariate statistics taking into account the lesion volume. This was true for recovery expressed as a degree of recuperation expressed in percent (post-lesion score/pre-lesion score × 100) as well as for the post-lesion scores only. The difference between the 2 subpopulations was more pronounced for the most difficult horizontal slots than for the less challenging vertical slots. In conclusion, the treatments appear to be efficient to promote functional motor recovery, even when considering post-lesion behavioral readouts only, as this would be the case in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"21 ","pages":"26331055261421348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13009617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulsatility index: Insights into post-stroke haemodynamics.","authors":"Christina Shen-Zhuang Yde, Vladimir V Matchkov","doi":"10.1177/26331055261427992","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26331055261427992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute ischaemic stroke is a leading cause of acquired disability globally, with millions of patients afflicted each year. Fast and efficient recanalization therapies have revolutionized long-term patient outcomes. However, a substantial fraction of patients does not regain complete functional independence, despite undergoing timely and successful recanalization. Although various alterations in cerebral haemodynamics have been reported in both animal and clinical studies, the underlying mechanisms are complex and remain to be fully elucidated. In this mini-review, we summarize the current understanding of pulsatile haemodynamics in occlusion-reperfusion and emphasize the potential value of pulsatility assessment as a biomarker with prognostic and diagnostic value in the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"21 ","pages":"26331055261427992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12966566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synaptic Chaperone Dysfunction as a Convergent Mechanism in Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Disorders.","authors":"Danielle Jean, Yun Li","doi":"10.1177/26331055261424760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26331055261424760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The heat shock protein (HSP) family comprises six sub-families whose members participate in a wide array of cellular processes. This minireview focuses on three specific heat shock proteins: Hsp90aa and Hsp90ab from the Hsp90 sub-family, Hsc70 (Hspa8) from the Hsp70 sub-family, and the Hsp40 co-chaperone sub-family. In neuronal cells, these HSPs play critical roles in maintaining proper synaptic proteostasis. We have summarized current evidence for how these HSPs act independently and collaboratively to maintain synaptic proteostasis. Importantly, emerging data suggests that synaptic disruptions of Hsp90, Hsc70, or their Hsp40 partners not only contribute to hallmarks of neurodegenerative pathology but also contribute to psychiatric conditions such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). By integrating findings across these two disease categories, we propose that dysfunctional chaperones at the synapse represent a molecular link between neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"21 ","pages":"26331055261424760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage-Dependent Function of Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.","authors":"Helya Bolouki Azari, Parvin Babaei, Mobina Taghva Nakhjiri","doi":"10.1177/26331055261422166","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26331055261422166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), astrogliosis, loss of neurons, and cognitive decline. In this narrative review, we explore astrocytes' dual role in the healthy brain and the brain with AD, reflecting on the available human studies and animal models. Astrocytes are multifunctional regulators of brain homeostasis and neuronal activity within the central nervous system (CNS). These highly plastic cells undergo morphological and functional changes in response to the progression of AD, and exhibit dynamic, stage-dependent phenotypes. In the early stage of AD, astrocytes adopt a predominantly neuroprotective A2 phenotype, marked by enhanced glycolysis, Aβ clearance, anti-inflammatory signaling, and synaptic support. At the intermediate stage, they shift toward an inflammatory phenotype, which consequently impairs metabolism and neurotransmitter uptake. In the late stage of AD, the A1 phenotype, characterized by inflammatory cytokine secretion, complement activation, Ca dysregulation, and mitochondrial toxicity, exacerbates AD progression. Thus, the balance between these subtypes can significantly influence the disease's trajectory, with A1 astrocytes contributing to neurotoxicity and A2 astrocytes providing neuroprotection, especially in the early stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"21 ","pages":"26331055261422166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12932886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147310949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Proteomic Profiling of Human Nav1.7-Interacting Proteins Reveals Conserved Regulatory Networks Involved in Nociceptive Signaling.","authors":"Xuelong Zhou, Jing Zhao","doi":"10.1177/26331055251405071","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26331055251405071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7, encoded by the SCN9A gene, is critically involved in the initiation and propagation of nociceptive signals. While prior research has delineated the interactome of mouse Nav1.7 (mNav1.7), the molecular partners associated with its human homolog (hNav1.7) remain largely undefined. In this study, we employed tandem affinity purification (TAP) combined with high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to systematically characterize the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of hNav1.7 in stably transfected HEK293 cells. Functional expression of TAP-tagged hNav1.7 was confirmed by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology. A total of 261 interacting proteins were identified, primarily localized to the plasma membrane and cytoplasm, and predominantly enriched in protein translation, folding, and trafficking pathways. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed conserved interactors shared between human and mouse Nav1.7, including translation elongation factors (Eef1a1, Eef2), chaperonin subunits (CCT2, CCT3, CCT5, CCT6A, CCT7), and members of the kinesin and Rab GTPase families. Knockdown of 2 conserved interactors, CCT5 and TMED10, significantly reduced hNav1.7 current density, confirming their functional relevance. These findings provide new insights into the proteomic architecture and regulatory mechanisms of hNav1.7, offering potential targets for modulating channel function in pain pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"20 ","pages":"26331055251405071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12698995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Prospective Memory Processes: ERP Evidence from Novel Semantic Judgment Tasks.","authors":"Eliza Baby, Shraddha A Shende, Sally Grace Rogers, Natalia Rzepa, Raksha A Mudar","doi":"10.1177/26331055251393541","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26331055251393541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prospective memory (PM), the ability to plan and execute intentions in the future, plays a critical role in managing everyday tasks. A gap exists in our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying PM retrieval based on semantic judgment, particularly when using picture-based stimuli. The current study tested 2 novel picture-based semantic-judgment PM tasks: Animal-cued Prospective Retrieval Task (Ac-PRT) and Object-cued Prospective Retrieval Task (Oc-PRT), designed to investigate PM processes involved in intention formation (Cue trials), intention retention (Ongoing trials), and intention retrieval (PM Retrieval trials). Twenty-three young adults, aged 18 to 30 years, completed the tasks while EEG data were recorded. Behavioral results showed that participants responded more slowly during Ongoing trials compared to Cue and PM Retrieval trials and were less accurate during PM Retrieval trials. Additionally, between the tasks, responses were faster and more accurate in Ac-PRT than in Oc-PRT during both Ongoing and PM Retrieval trials. ERP analyses revealed distinct neural signatures across trial types, particularly in P2, N2, N4, and Parietal Positivity (PP) components in both tasks. Additionally, task-specific differences were observed during the PM Retrieval trials in P2, N4, and PP amplitudes and in PP amplitude during the Ongoing trials. These findings demonstrate that the 2 tasks effectively dissociated core PM processes and showed category-specific differences in behavioral and neural mechanisms, offering a robust framework for future investigations of PM in aging and clinical populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"20 ","pages":"26331055251393541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12639234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145589081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sciatic Nerve Electrical Stimulation Enhances Locomotor Recovery in Rats Following Spinal Cord Contusion.","authors":"Shih-Yen Tsai, Jennifer A Schreiber, Jordan Iordanou, Son T Ton, Akram Imam, Brian E Powers, James S Walter, Martin Oudega, Gwendolyn L Kartje, Russ P Nockels","doi":"10.1177/26331055251385592","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26331055251385592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinal cord injury affects over 300 000 individuals in the United States with limited treatment options for significant locomotor functional recovery. While functional electrical stimulation devices to assist reciprocal muscle contraction during movement are used in rehabilitation, their efficacy as a standalone treatment for direct nerve stimulation remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effects of direct bilateral sciatic nerve stimulation on functional recovery in an adult rat model of thoracic spinal cord contusion.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty adult male Long Evans rats underwent T10 spinal cord contusion. Custom stimulator electrode cuffs were placed around bilateral sciatic nerves in the hindlimbs. Rats received electrical stimulation or sham stimulation for 30 minutes per day (Monday-Friday) over 6 weeks. Functional outcome was assessed weekly using the BBB locomotor scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed normal hindlimb function pre-surgery (BBB score 21) and significant decline post-SCI and prior to stimulation. Rats in the stimulation group demonstrated significantly better BBB scores than the sham group over time (repeated measures 2-way ANOVA, <i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Daily bilateral sciatic nerve stimulation resulted in accelerated and significant improvement in hindlimb function after SCI compared to sham stimulation, as evaluated by BBB scores. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"20 ","pages":"26331055251385592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12554933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145393570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The CHD Protein, Kismet, Restricts Synaptic BMP Signaling at Glutamatergic Synapses.","authors":"Rachel A Klaustermeier, Emily L Hendricks, Joshua A Preston, Faith L W Liebl","doi":"10.1177/26331055251379496","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26331055251379496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CHD7 and CHD8 are chromatin remodeling proteins that regulate several neurodevelopmental events. Mutations in these chromatin remodeling genes occur in neurodevelopmental disorders including CHARGE Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorders. Kismet (Kis) is the sole <i>Drosophila</i> homolog of CHD7 and CHD8. We investigated the possibility that Kis influences retrograde synaptic signaling given that Kis restricts the synaptic levels of several cell adhesion molecules and facilitates endocytosis. Our data indicate that Kis restricts synaptic pMad while facilitating the localization of pMad to presynaptic motor neuron nuclei. While the increase in pMad at <i>kis</i> mutant synapses may contribute to the loss of Endophilin B, it may not influence the mislocalization of glutamate receptors relative to active zones or the locomotor phenotypes observed in <i>kis</i> mutants. Kis may antagonize Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) signaling to restrict synaptic pMad. Kis, including its chromatin remodeling/ATPase activity, is required in presynaptic motor neurons for proper synaptic pMad levels. In contrast, an ATPase-deficient Kis can rescue synaptic pMad when expressed in all tissues. Similarly, expression of human CHD7 in all tissues of <i>kis</i> mutants rescues synaptic pMad. Our data suggest a model where Kis restricts synaptic pMad both by transcription-dependent and transcription-independent mechanisms. These data may aid in a better understanding of the importance of chromatin remodeling for synaptic structure and function and the molecular changes correlated with neurodevelopmental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":36527,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Insights","volume":"20 ","pages":"26331055251379496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}