2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets最新文献_第8页

Depolarization current behavior of photo-magneto-electrets of polycrystalline sulphur 多晶硫的光磁驻极体去极化电流行为

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612393

M. S. Qureshi, R. N. Dubey, Aarti Tyagi

{"title":"Depolarization current behavior of photo-magneto-electrets of polycrystalline sulphur","authors":"M. S. Qureshi, R. N. Dubey, Aarti Tyagi","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2005.1612393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2005.1612393","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study depolarization (dark and photo) current behavior of Photo-Magneto-Electrets (PMEs for short) of polycrystalline sulphur have been reported. Sulphur samples are subjected to a combination of magnetic field and optical radiation. Samples prepared in presence of different magnetic fields ranging from 0.00, 2.25, 7.05, 12.1, and 16.1 K. Gauss, with constant intensity of light radiations, 1000 and 2000 lux. The photo depolarization is done with mercury light, whereas dark depolarization carried out by storing the samples in dark. Photo-depolarization current decay is directly proportional to the intensity of illumination, over the range of 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 lux. Photo-depolarization obeys an exponential law and is more rapid for the samples prepared at stronger magnetic fields. This suggests that the formation of PME state may be due to electrons trapped in structural defects. The variation of decay current with time is investigated in detail, and is explained quantitatively in terms of charge remaining in sample. Further, the PME samples of sulphur were, depolarized by illuminating them with radiations of different frequencies (i.e. 365, 405, 436, 546 /spl mu/m). The effects of frequency of depolarizing radiations, frequency of mercury emission spectra were used. According to this the depolarization observed with shorter wavelength radiations obeys an exponential law. In this way the decay rate is more than that observed for the higher frequency illuminations. Variations of depolarization current of PMEs, shows a sharp maximum and then current decays, becoming constant in about ten minutes. Total area below the curves gives the amount of total charge stored. And the depolarization current verses time curves, give an idea about the volume polarization in the dielectric. Measurement of depolarization current gives an important insight about the physics of dielectric materials, like mapping of charge inside the electret.","PeriodicalId":364651,"journal":{"name":"2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121467531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Actuators based on PVDF sheets with flexible PEDOT polymer electrodes 基于PVDF片材和柔性PEDOT聚合物电极的驱动器

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612402

V. Schmidt, J. Polasik, L. Lediaev, J. Hallenberg

{"title":"Actuators based on PVDF sheets with flexible PEDOT polymer electrodes","authors":"V. Schmidt, J. Polasik, L. Lediaev, J. Hallenberg","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2005.1612402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2005.1612402","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric polymer sheets traditionally have metallic electrodes that increase considerably the stiffness of the sheet and correspondingly decrease its piezoelectric response, whether as an actuator or a sensor. We have developed methods for applying electrodes of the conducting polymer poly(ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) to sheets of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). Our most recent method involves printing the PEDOT onto the PVDF. PEDOT electrodes of reasonable thickness have considerably higher resistance than metal electrodes, so we have calculated the response of the voltage and current as a function of position on the electrodes of a single electroded PVDF sheet. We have done this both for a rectangular sheet with an ac voltage applied at one end, and for a semicircular sheet with ac voltage applied to a small semicircular metal tab at the center of the circle. In this way we find the response as a function of frequency, and determine the necessary electrode thickness for various applications. We have made bimorphs of two such electroded sheets that are glued together to give a bending response. We have also constructed actuators made of two bimorphs attached together at both ends. Better response is achieved than for similar actuators constructed from sheets with metal electrodes.","PeriodicalId":364651,"journal":{"name":"2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129017635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Rapid corona charging and stability of positive charge stored in SiO/sub 2//Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ electrets SiO/sub 2//Si/sub 3/N/sub 4驻极体中快速电晕充电和正电荷的稳定性

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612396

V. Leonov, P. Fiorini, C. van Hoof

引用次数: 4

/spl gamma/-irradiation effect on the chain segment motion and the charge storage for nylon 6 films /spl γ辐照对尼龙6薄膜链段运动和电荷储存的影响

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612370

H. Lu, X.Y. Zhang, B. He

引用次数: 1

Thickness dependence of morphology and third-order nonlinear optical characteristics of metal-phthalocyanine thin films prepared with different thicknesses on KBr substrate KBr衬底上不同厚度金属-酞菁薄膜形貌及三阶非线性光学特性的厚度依赖性

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612435

S. Mototani, S. Ochiai, H. Ito, G. Sawa, Y. Uchida, A. Ohashi, K. Kojima, T. Mizutani

{"title":"Thickness dependence of morphology and third-order nonlinear optical characteristics of metal-phthalocyanine thin films prepared with different thicknesses on KBr substrate","authors":"S. Mototani, S. Ochiai, H. Ito, G. Sawa, Y. Uchida, A. Ohashi, K. Kojima, T. Mizutani","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2005.1612435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2005.1612435","url":null,"abstract":"The third-order nonlinearity of nonlinear optical materials is of great importance in achieving all-optical switching. However, the relationship between the morphology and third-order nonlinear optical characteristics of metal-phthalocyanine thin film is unclear. In this paper, the thickness dependence of the morphologies and the nonlinear optical properties of titanylphthalocyanine (TiOPc) and vanadyl-phthalocyanine (VOPc) thin films prepared on a KBr substrate are investigated by using UV/Vis spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and third-order harmonics (TH) and second-order harmonics (SH) detected using the Maker fringe method. TiOPc and VOPc thin films having different thicknesses were prepared on a KBr substrate using a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method. From the Vis/UV spectra of VOPc thin films fabricated on KBr substrate, the VOPc thin film epitaxially grows until the thickness of 90nm and VOPc thin films that are thicker than 90 nm change to a pseudomorphic layer. In the incident angle dependence of TH intensity, the maximum TH intensity of the pseudomorphic layers is not proportional to the square of film thickness. This indicates that defects inside the pseudomorphic layers are closely related to the maximum TH intensity not being proportional to the square of film thickness. These defects may be due to the misfit between the VOPc and TiOPc molecules and the KBr substrate. On the other hand, within the thickness of the TiOPc thin films fabricated on KBr substrate, the TiOPc thin films mainly grow with epitaxy. However, the maximum TH intensity measured with the TiOPc thin film is lower than that of the VOPc thin film. This is related to the molecular packing density of VOPc thin film being larger than that of TiOPc thin film.","PeriodicalId":364651,"journal":{"name":"2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129385962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of an apparent peak by use of the final thermally stimulated discharge current technique 利用最终热刺激放电电流技术确定一个明显的峰值

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612380

E. Neagu, R. Neagu, M. Lança, A. Vassilikou-dova, J. Marat-Mendes

{"title":"Identification of an apparent peak by use of the final thermally stimulated discharge current technique","authors":"E. Neagu, R. Neagu, M. Lança, A. Vassilikou-dova, J. Marat-Mendes","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2005.1612380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2005.1612380","url":null,"abstract":"The final thermally stimulated discharge current (FTSDC) technique can be used to analyze charge trapping and transport in insulating materials. The experimental conditions can be selected so that the FTSDC is mainly determined by the space charge detrapping. Measurements of the FTSDC in a wide temperature range including the local (secondary) (/spl beta/ relaxation and the non-local (primary) /spl alpha/ relaxation, for different polymers, demonstrate the existence of an apparent peak. The shift of peak temperature T/sub m/ with respect to the charging temperature T/sub p/ is analyzed. The interval T/sub m/ - T/sub p/ decreases from about 25 K to zero, as T/sub p/ approaches the glass transition T/sub g/. T/sub m/ - T/sub p/ is lower for materials of lower conductivity. The peak width at the half maximum intensity decreases as T/sub p/ increases and the thermal apparent activation energy increases. The variations are not monotonous revealing the temperature range where the molecular motion is stronger and consequently the charge trapping and detrapping processes are affected by the strong thermal motion.","PeriodicalId":364651,"journal":{"name":"2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121535658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Novel heat durable electromechanical films: cellular film making from cyclic olefin polymers 新型耐热机电膜:由环烯烃聚合物制成的蜂窝膜

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612322

A. Savijarvi, M. Paajanen, E. Saarimaki, H. Minkkinen

{"title":"Novel heat durable electromechanical films: cellular film making from cyclic olefin polymers","authors":"A. Savijarvi, M. Paajanen, E. Saarimaki, H. Minkkinen","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2005.1612322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2005.1612322","url":null,"abstract":"A cellular electromechanical film has been developed from both, cyclo-olefin polymer (COP) and cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC). Cyclic olefins are thermally more durable than polypropylene (PP), which is the basis for the existing electromechanical film. This paper concentrates on studying cellular film making of the electromechanical film from cyclo-olefin compounds and a mineral filler. Due to the stiffness of the COP and COC as well as challenging film processing, the high temperature grade of cyclo-olefins were blended with a lower temperature polymer in different ratios in order to increase the film for inability in solid state processing. The effect of a blended polymer and its ratio in the manufactured compounds was studied from the cast films by a dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The blends were extruded in to a form of a cast film and drawn biaxially using a laboratory scale stretcher or sequentially on a small pilot line in MD and consequently using an Instron extensometer in TD. One COP based blend manufactured was drawn in TD on a small pilot line stenter to demonstrate film making on a film line similar to commercial film making units. Voided structure of the biaxially drawn films was improved by a gas diffusion expansion treatment and evaluated from scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs. Film samples were electrostatically charged and metallized and consequently, the level of the electromechanical sensitivity was measured from these blend based films by a dynamical method. It was shown that a cellular electromechanical film with an electromechanical coefficient around 10-15 pC/N durable at high temperatures of around 80-110/spl deg/C, can be manufactured from the COP and the COC based blends.","PeriodicalId":364651,"journal":{"name":"2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122594987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

The electret properties of poly(ethylene naphthalene-2, 6-dicarboxylate) (PEN) 聚乙烯萘- 2,6 -二羧酸酯(PEN)的驻极体性质

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612362

X. Qiu, Z. Xia, Feipeng Wang, Z. An

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of penetration enhancement of lidocaine by porous PTFE/PE/PP electret through mouse skin in vitro 聚四氟乙烯/聚乙烯/聚丙烯多孔驻极体对利多卡因体外穿透小鼠皮肤的影响

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612320

D. Han, L. Cui, J. Jiang, G.D. Li, M. Song, X.P. Wang

{"title":"Evaluation of penetration enhancement of lidocaine by porous PTFE/PE/PP electret through mouse skin in vitro","authors":"D. Han, L. Cui, J. Jiang, G.D. Li, M. Song, X.P. Wang","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2005.1612320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2005.1612320","url":null,"abstract":"The main object of this study was to systemically evaluate the effect of porous PTFE/PE/PP electret on lidocaine transdermal delivery and to compare its enhancing effect with some commonly used chemical permeation enhancers, that is propylene glycol, oleic acid and menthol. The composite electret was prepared by heat melting method at 130/spl square/. The modified Franz diffusion cell was used to carry out the in vitro permeation experiment and a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to analyze the drug concentration. The drug solution containing no chemical permeation enhancer or no electret application was taken as control group. The results indicated that: (1) The feasibility of using porous PTFE/PE/PP electret to enhance the lidocaine transdermal delivery was achieved by applying positively charged electrets with different surface potentials. The enhancing effect was proportional to the surface potential of the electret. (2) The chemical permeation enhancers used were shown to be less effective than the +1000 V electret on lidocaine transdermal permeation. The 24 hour's cumulated permeation amount of lidocaine reached to 3.649, 6.029, 8.619, 6.330 and 17.218 mg for control group, 10% oleic acid, 20% propylene glycol, 1% menthol and porous PTFE/PE/PP electret, respectively. In conclusion, positively charged electret can be used as the enhancer to increase the transdermal permeation of lidocaine.","PeriodicalId":364651,"journal":{"name":"2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125483669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Dielectric polarisation in folic acid: role of bound water molecules 叶酸中的介电极化:结合水分子的作用

2005 12th International Symposium on Electrets Pub Date : 2005-09-11 DOI: 10.1109/ISE.2005.1612427

V. Mishra, R. Nath

引用次数: 1