OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE最新文献

{"title":"Student enabled water quality sensors","authors":"L. Hotaling, R. Stolkin, W. Kirkey, S. Lowes, P. Chen, J. Bonner, T. Ojo","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664591","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes efforts to enrich STEM education by providing classroom projects in which high school students build and deploy sensors for environmental monitoring. Through a series of educational modules, students learn about engineering and science through the design, construction, programming and testing of a student-implemented water monitoring network in the Hudson and St. Lawrence River regions in New York State. This paper provides an overview of the educational modules. A variety of sensors are described, which are suitably simple for design and construction from first principles by high school students while being accurate enough for students to make meaningful environmental measurements. The paper also describes how the sensor building activities can be tied to core curricula, enabling the modules to be utilized in standard classes by mathematics, science and computing teachers without disrupting the semester teaching goals. Furthermore, the paper presents the results of the first two years of the NSF SENSE IT project, during which 37 teachers have been equipped, trained on these materials, and have implement the modules with approximately 500 high school students.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116563217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive sampling of thermoclines with Autonomous Underwater Vehicles","authors":"N. Cruz, A. Matos","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5663903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5663903","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are routinely being used to provide the scientific community with detailed ocean data at very reasonable costs. In typical operations, AUVs are programmed to follow pre-defined geo-referenced trajectories, while collecting the relevant information about the underwater environment, with a clear separation between navigation and payload sensors. Under the adaptive sampling paradigm, the AUVs are able to interpret some of the payload data in order to change the sampling pattern and concentrate measurements in the regions of interest. In this paper, we describe an implementation of such paradigm, in which a small sized AUV is able to process CTD data, in real time, and change depth in order to maintain tracking of the thermocline region. We demonstrate the developed algorithms with data from field experiments in a dam reservoir, which show a very good performance, even in very shallow waters with hardly detectable features. The implementation ensures the safety of the AUV, by resuming to standard yo-yo patterns if the thermocline is not detected.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"12 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125645096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep water magnetometer/tilt sensor","authors":"J. A. Cindric, P. M. Hobson","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664285","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a deep water magnetometer with tilt sensing capabilities and a deployment depth of up to 6000 meters. Our goal was to develop a very high reliability sensor for integration into cabled acoustic systems. The telemetry is compatible with deep water acoustic sensors, allowing for a complete vertical array solution. The sensor allows for hard iron calibration, providing bearing readings within ±2° accuracy and pitch/roll readings within ±1° accuracy. Low profile, low cost, low power, high reliability, and proven telemetry interface are all key requirements for success. Our solution addresses each of these constraints.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125091744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of Tiny Mission Language for the ISiMI100 Autonomous Underwater Vehicle","authors":"Bang-hyun Kim, B. Jun, Hyung-Won Sim, Fill-Oub Lee, Pan-Mook Lee","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664578","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a mission language, is called Tiny Mission Language (TML), for the ISiMI100 Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) which was developed by MOERI-KORDI. The TML can represent any mission easily and freely because it provides most functionality supported by general programming language. The TML provides control statements for management of execution sequence, variable usage for temporary data and special instructions for behavior management. It also provides function call instructions with parameters for source modulation and directive statements for environment description. Though it supports much functionality, the TML is very concise language. The TML includes only essential instructions for mission control and its grammar is similar to assembly language. The execution speed of the TML is fast against other mission language with interpreter type because the TML mission file is converted to executable image and it runs on the TML virtual machine. The contents of executable image are predefined binary code. The executable image is loaded into the program memory in the virtual machine, which decodes and executes instructions in the program memory sequentially. The result of the TML execution mostly affects behavior activities, so the ISiMI100 AUV runs in order to accomplish the goal of mission.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"519 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122775922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control-Oriented Planar Motion Modeling of Unmanned Surface Vehicles","authors":"C. Sonnenburg, A. S. Gadre, D. Horner, S. Kragelund, A. Marcus, D. Stilwell, C. Woolsey","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664297","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a comparison of experimentally identified dynamic models for the planar motion of an unmanned surface vehicle (USV). The objective is to determine a model which is rich enough to enable effective motion planning and control, simple enough to allow straight forward parameter identification, and general enough to describe a variety of hullforms and actuator configurations. Starting from a three degree-of-freedom nonlinear model obtained from physical principles, we consider four simplified variants: (1) a linear model obtained by linearizing about straight, constant-speed motion, (2) a first order steering model (for turn rate) coupled with a first order speed model, (3) a second order steering model (for turn rate and sideslip angle), coupled with a first order speed model, and (4) a nonlinear model for low speed operation. The paper provides analysis of system identification data collected from field trials of three USV platforms in Summer 2010. The platforms represent three distinct control system implementations: a servo-actuated outboard engine, a servo-actuated jet-drive thruster, and differential thrusters.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"88 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131177920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing offshore transmission links for marine renewable energy farms","authors":"E. Stoutenburg, M. Jacobson","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664506","url":null,"abstract":"The advantages of combining offshore wind and wave energy into a single farm include reduced hours of zero power output and reduced inter-hour variability. Both advantages facilitate grid integration of variable renewables. The power output profile of a combined farm is substantially different from a 100% offshore wind energy farm or a 100% wave energy farm. The different power output profile of combined farms with a higher frequency of hourly power output near the annual capacity factor potentially allows a reduction in the capacity of the offshore transmission system. The transmission capacity reduction is balanced by the curtailment of energy during the few hours a year that a combined farm generates at full power. An optimization of the transmission capacity for various generation mixes of wind and wave was investigated, and results show that the optimal transmission capacity for a 1000 MW combined farm is approximately 80 MW less than either a 100% wind or 100% wave energy farm.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127713215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and simulation of sea surface radar observations","authors":"A. Ghaleb, S. Even, R. Garello, B. Chapron, N. Pinel, N. de Beaucoudrey, F. Comblet, M. Parenthoen, E. Pottier","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664067","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a methodology to model and simulate the reflectivity measured by radar observing a maritime environment. The simulation principle consists of reproducing the acquisition of a Real Aperture Radar (RAR) moving along its axis. Pulse after pulse, high range resolution profiles are successively computed by summing the contribution of backscatters comprised in the radar footprint. The scatterer contributions are calculated from typical statistical distribution estimation. The simulation output, called raw data, is the concatenation of time profiles (short time) successively obtained for each radar pulse (long time). A SAR algorithm is then applied in order to form a high resolution image. The generation of the sea surface is achieved by a multi-scale model. This approach takes into account phenomena at different scales (from long wave to small objects), all in interaction in a hydrodynamic environment. It is thus possible to focus locally on contributions considered as more significant. To improve the processing time some contributions can also be retrieved from Look-Up Tables. Hence, our method performs a realistic simulation of electromagnetic interactions in a maritime environment.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131926207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The modified iterative detector/estimator algorithm for sparse channel estimation","authors":"Feng Wan, U. Mitra, A. Molisch","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664395","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater acoustic channels exhibit very long delay spreads, but with limited multipath. In this paper, a novel strategy for the estimation of sparse underwater channels is developed. A modified iterative detector/estimator (IDE) algorithm is proposed by replacing the parallel thresholding approach in a previously developed IDE algorithm by an approach wherein a single threshold is varied for each iteration of the algorithm. The new method offers improved performance over the original IDE algorithm as well as the current state-of-art compressed sensing-based methods, such as the iterative hard thresholding (IHT), the Haupt-Nowak (HN) and the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithms. A preliminary mean-squared error analysis of the MIDE algorithm provides insight as to its improved performance. Numerical results are provided to compare and contrast the various sparse estimation strategies.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132244200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction for shadowing within sardine schools","authors":"M. Uumati, E. Ona, V. Hjellvik","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664456","url":null,"abstract":"The acoustically estimated biomass of high-density sardine schools in Moroccan waters is potentially underestimated due to acoustic shadowing. To correct this bias, the attenuation of echo energy, extinction, due to shadowing, must be estimated. In this study, extinction is estimated for high-density schools of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) surveyed during a 1996 survey along the Moroccan coastline. The seafloor echo was used as a reference target (Foote et al. 1992), and the relative reduction of the seafloor echo under the schools was used to estimate the extinction cross section (σe). The extinction ratio, the ratio between σe and the back scattering cross section (σbs) of sardine schools with mean fish length = 23 cm, was estimated to be 0.627, with a 95% confidence interval from 0.486 to 0.768. There was a negative correlation between the extinction ratio and fish density. The mean correction factor for extinction in 19 analysed schools ranged 5-34 %.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134522336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased offshore MODU mooring performance through MODUline® polyester rope","authors":"J. Pasternak, M. Hersley, S. Leite","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664575","url":null,"abstract":"Shallow water (~1,000 - 3,000-ft) mooring system configurations are often driven by two factors: mitigation of subsea infrastructure and cost vs. performance. Typically, shallower water fields are highly congested with manmade infrastructure, as well as a significant marine life presence, which can pose a problem for drilling operations in harsh environments. Conventional catenary rig systems, composed of wire and/or chain fair well in these water depths, but require significant grounded length. However, taut systems (synthetic or wire rope) require little contact with the seafloor, but often do not produce the desired survivability. The increased survivability of conventional catenaries in shallower waters is attributed to the stiffness of the mooring system. Taut systems are stiffer than catenary systems that contain similar components (ie. all wire and chain, or steel and polyester). However, the deeper the water, the longer the overall mooring line lengths, which causes the mooring system stiffnesses to converge as mooring line weight becomes the dominant factor. Similarly, the less total mooring component length in the system, the closer the systems come in total weight, causing the difference in system stiffnesses to be the dominant factor. The ideal mooring system for shallower water depths should include the positives of using a steel catenary and a polyester taut system, while reducing the negatives of each system. MODUline® Polyester Rope has similar strength to weight ratios as conventional polyester mooring rope, but provides significant increases in elasticity. Preliminary data for linear mooring stiffness comparisons of MODUline® Polyester Rope with typical polyester rope of similar break strength is shown in Table 1. Typically, MODU offsets from environmental loading are dominated by mean loads. As shown in Table 1, the mean stiffness of MODUline® Polyester Rope is comparable to that of traditional polyester rope, which indicates comparable vessel offsets under the same environmental loading conditions. However, wave frequency stiffnesses are significantly different between the two ropes, signifying a drastic decrease in dynamic tensions on mooring equipment attached to MODUline® Polyester Rope over conventional polyester rope. This elasticity, when introduced to a taut polyester mooring system, can dramatically improve system survivability, while maintaining a smaller subsea footprint.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114055747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}