Frontiers in Sociology最新文献

{"title":"Disinformation and calculated care beyond the Global North: comparing refugee discourses in Australia and India.","authors":"Sukhmani Khorana, Nisha Thapliyal","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1358556","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1358556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores what \"care\" looks like in the specific context of Muslim refugees and asylum seekers within the dominant discourse of humanitarianism. India and Australia are chosen for this comparative analysis because our aim is to emphasise multidimensional anti-Muslim alliances that are now in place in both contexts between the governments and official and unofficial media that influence humanitarian policies and practice. We argue that the \"information disorder\" that dominates current media ecologies about Muslim refugees in both countries is produced at this nexus of official agents-both state and media institutions-as well as social media content produced by local and global actors that perpetuate anti-Muslim bias. More specifically, this article examines how India has responded to emergencies involving the Rohingya refugees, and Australia's treatment of post-9/11 Muslim refugees and asylum seekers. We demonstrate that these states and the media they sponsor are linked to the use of disinformation, or deliberately inaccurate information to seed and perpetuate Islamophobic sentiments and thereby practice a form of \"calculated care\". The examples in this article highlight the need to build on our understanding of what constitutes humanitarian care towards vulnerable and stateless populations. Furthermore, they call for response strategies that take into cognizance the fact that Islamophobia has been institutionalized in the public sphere in order to promote culturally supremacist discourses of traditional values as well as national security.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1358556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic literature review and case study on the social impact of the other women's contributions to education and dialogic feminism.","authors":"Laura Ruiz-Eugenio, Rosa Valls-Carol, Ainhoa Flecha, Adriana Aubert","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1477983","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1477983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feminism has been one of the most important social movements of the last centuries. Current societies have widely recognized their contributions. However, whereas ethnic diversity has been included in the movement, diversity in terms of academic background has not. Therefore, the contributions made by the \"other women\" from their daily lives, those with no university education (who belong to cultural minorities or not), remain on the margins of public debate. In the face of this reality, the plurality of all women has been building contributions to education and dialogic feminism. Based on Lidia Puigvert's previous study on dialogic feminism and the \"other women\" movement, this article aimed to trace the social impact of \"other women's\" contributions to education and dialogic feminism in their lives and communities. A qualitative case study has been developed that collects a systematic literature review, in-depth interviews with educators, focus groups, and communicative daily life stories with women who have participated in Schools as Learning Communities and democratic adult education associations in Spain over the last 20 years. The results provided evidence about the contributions of the \"other women\" in the development and expansion of successful educational actions that have generated social and educational transformations in themselves, their families, and their communities, such as Dialogic Gatherings and the prevention of gender violence, among others.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1477983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender analysis is not only about gender: reshaping the potato breeding priorities to increase varietal adoption in Kenya.","authors":"Michael Friedmann, Vivian Polar, Thiago Mendes","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1446973","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1446973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public breeding programs are pushing to implement demand-led breeding to increase variety adoption, while tackling multiple challenges for increased production under climate change. This has included the improvement of variety target product profiles involving multiple stakeholders. A special case involves the unexpected and rapid spread of the Shangi potato variety in Kenya. This variety was not an especially outstanding variety and the levels of its traits did not exceed the expected thresholds defined in the target product profile for table potato in East Africa. By examining the customer segments looking at gender but also social contexts of smallholder and disadvantaged farmers such as access to markets, inputs, and labor, it became apparent that ready availability of potatoes for consumption, processing, or planting was of prime importance. Given the storage and market constraints, Shangi's very short dormancy, which had been assumed to be a negative trait for farmers, women cottage processors and consumers, was actually meeting the needs for available product and planting material. Consequently, this provided these groups increased control over their productive activities. The case study presented here analyzes different components of potato variety change in Kenya. It explores the challenges and tradeoffs faced by public sector breeding programs and how gender analysis from a broader inclusion perspective can uncover the underlying causes of varietal adoption. Focusing on the Shangi potato variety, the case study reveals a series of lessons learned that have re-shaped the definition of breeding priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1446973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenges of being imperfect: how do judges and prosecutors deal with sentencing disparity.","authors":"Mojca M Plesničar","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1488786","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1488786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Legal decision-making aspires to be objective, a principle regarded as foundational to justice, public trust, and the legitimacy of legal outcomes. However, this ideal is often challenged by the reality of human judgment, which is influenced by subjective factors such as emotions, biases, and varying cognitive strategies. This paper investigates the psychological challenges faced by legal professionals in the context of sentencing, drawing on data from studies involving judges and prosecutors in Slovenia. Through workshops, interviews, and focus groups, the research highlights substantial inconsistencies in sentencing practices, even for similar offences. These disparities reveal the limits of objectivity within the judicial process, prompting legal professionals to reflect on the systemic and individual factors driving variability. The analysis focuses on how judges and prosecutors react to these discrepancies, examining a range of emotional and psychological responses-including the rationalization of decisions, the pursuit of consistency through personal \"sentencing codes,\" and reliance on collegial input to cope with the absence of formal guidelines. The analysis draws on concepts from cognitive dissonance theory, deliberate ignorance, emotional labour, and personality types to explore how professionals reconcile the ideal of objectivity with the imperfections of human judgment. It highlights the profound emotional toll that discrepancies in sentencing can take on decision-makers and how these emotional reactions influence their professional identity and approach to justice. By contextualising these findings within the sociology of emotions, this paper emphasises how the emotional realities of legal professionals shape their responses to perceived failures and impact their capacity to deliver justice. Ultimately, this study aims to foster a deeper understanding of the human aspects of judicial decision-making, underscoring the need for systemic reforms to mitigate disparities, provide support, and promote consistency in sentencing practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1488786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Good childhood\": children's perception and evaluation of transnational families.","authors":"Alexandra König, Jessica Schwittek, Katarzyna Jendrzey","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1470541","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1470541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In public debates, transnational families are portrayed as a deviation from the norm of \"good childhood.\" In Europe, this is emphasized by the term \"Euro-orphans,\" branding parents' (especially mothers') absence as a violation and scandalizing it. Children's voices are rarely heard in public discourse, and although research is now turning its attention to the \"stayer children,\" they and their perspectives on transnational family life remain underrepresented, especially in Europe. In a German-Polish project, we investigate how children perceive and evaluate transnational family life based on 27 group discussions with 12-14-year-olds (with and without own transnational family experience) in Poland. The analysis shows that (1) the presence of parents is central to the normative pattern of a good childhood from children's perspective, but (2) they use differentiated criteria when assessing (temporary) parental migration, i.e., they do not refer to \"universal\" needs of children. Additionally, (3) children request that they be informed about the migration-decision early on and involved in the organization of the time of separation to make it as acceptable as possible for them. Thereby, they offer interpretations of transnational families that contribute to erode the norm of good childhood. We see our paper as a sociologically and socio-politically relevant contribution to expanding the discussion on transnational families, both from the perspective of children who discuss and problematize transnational family life as more than merely a question of violating the norm of parents' presence, and with our focus on the European region, which provides specific contextual conditions for transnational families.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1470541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affects as affordances: disability and the genres of the actionable.","authors":"Andries Hiskes","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1410248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2024.1410248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prominent theorists such as Tobin Siebers, Ato Quayson, and Martha Stoddard Holmes have proposed that disability may not only elicit different affects, such as fear, admiration, or disgust, but have also envisioned different ways in which the relationship between affect and disability is becoming a central concern in considering how disability is ultimately lived through and experienced in social life. This paper supplements the conceptualization of the affect-disability relationship with the conceptual apparatuses of affordances and genre, to offer an account of the actionable. The actionable is proposed as a form of socio-cultural negotiation of the body and the environment out of which opportunities for action-or affordances- arise. Thomas Stoffregen has proposed affordances as being relational-emergent in nature, meaning that affordances refer to the possibilities for action within a particular constellation of elements, while simultaneously not being reducible to the properties of the individual elements. This paper proposes that affect, understood as the bodily capacities to act and be acted upon, may be understood as evoking affordances-opportunities to act or be acted upon. Additionally, the notions of impairment and disability suggest that capacities and the possibilities of action may vary across different bodies. I connect this to the work by Lauren Berlant on genre, who suggests that modes of responsivity to being affected are rooted in generic thinking. Genres act as structuring and historical forms that embed affect in appropriate modes of responsivity within genre conventions. Affordances are subsequently linked to what is deemed a fitting action within a genre. By invoking Berlant's work, this paper proposes that the actionable opportunities afforded by bodies are preemptively inscribed in genre conventions, and that the concept of the actionable enables an analysis of which actions are deemed appropriate within genres. Because impaired and disabled bodies have a variety of capacities, these bodies may therefore also hold the capacity to disrupt generic expectations and therefore further emphasize the normativity of the presupposed appropriateness of actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1410248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graying arts access: crafting creative online programming to promote older adults' artistic engagement in and beyond pandemic time.","authors":"Jami McFarland, Carla Rice, Nadine Changfoot, Tara La Rose, Carmela Alfaro-Laganse, Suad Badri, Kathy Smith, Becky Katz","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1454143","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1454143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020, the COVID-19 virus and attendant patchwork of local, regional, and national government-initiated public health responses to it unexpectedly opened possibilities for greater access to culture for disabled and chronically ill people in ways that were unimagined in pre-pandemic times. During the \"emergency\" period of the pandemic, the fields of critical disability studies and aging studies independently demonstrated the importance and value of shifting to digital technologies for disabled people and older adults respectively; however, to date, little scholarship has considered the value of digital technologies for older adults aging with and into disabilities beyond pandemic time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Informed by the theoretical insights of scholarship exploring critical access and the aging-disability nexus, this paper draws from empirical data collected during Phase 2 of Direct[Message]: Digital Access to Artistic Engagement, a collaborative, community-based, arts-informed research project based in Southwestern Ontario (Canada). Drawing from 50 qualitative interviews with aging adults from un/under/represented communities, findings explore the intersections of older age and disability, including dynamics related to gender, sexuality, migration, size, race/ethnicity, and other differences, as these relate to access to and enjoyment of creative spaces before, during, and \"after\" the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that older adults aging with/into disabilities in Southwestern Ontario express an overwhelming desire and even urgent need to access interactive arts programming from the relatively safe spaces of their homes both within and outside pandemic time.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>As the normative world pushed for a return to ableist normative life in 2022, a year marked by \"severe\" rates of the highly infectious Omicron variant and the loss of effective public measures, such as community masking and widely available testing, participants described the need for continued access to creative and social participation via remote options that sidestepped socially exclusive and physically inaccessible spaces. Findings indicate a need for increased investment in digital arts programming for older adults aging with/into disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1454143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profession-specific working conditions, burnout, engagement, and turnover intention: the case of Hungarian social workers.","authors":"Ágnes Győri, Szilvia Ádám","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1487367","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1487367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigated the interactions of profession-specific working conditions, burnout, engagement, and turnover intent among social workers in Hungary. Research on turnover among employees in human services occupations often overlooks the mechanism linking professional-specific factors with turnover intention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a multistage stratified sampling method and cross-sectional design with a random sample of 664 participants, data were collected through computer-assisted personal interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that poor working environments, workplace struggles, and profession-specific factors, such as challenges stemming from clients' difficult life situations, difficulties with client engagement, cultural disparities, and fieldwork-related challenges, significantly influenced turnover intentions. These factors not only directly affected professionals' intentions to leave but also had indirect effects through burnout and work engagement.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings highlighted the importance of addressing both general and profession-specific working conditions to reduce turnover intention among social workers. Key challenges included clients' difficult life situations, cooperation with clients, cultural differences, and fieldwork difficulties. Overall, preparing social workers for real-life situations and related conflicts should be incorporated into their training.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1487367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family structure and women's mental well-being: how family stressors explain mental health inequalities between lone and partnered mothers.","authors":"Cadhla McDonnell, Pablo Gracia","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1498987","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1498987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lone mothers have been found to report lower average mental health than partnered mothers. Following the 'stress process model', disparities in women's mental health by family structure could be explained by lone mothers' higher exposure to multiple forms of stressors, compared to partnered mothers. Yet, this hypothesis has not been tested in previous studies. This study analysed four waves of longitudinal data from the <i>Growing Up in Ireland</i> study, spanning between the year when women gave birth (2008) to 9 years later (2017) (<i>N</i> = 5,654 women), to examine how family stressors (i.e., financial strain, caregiving strain, work-related strain, and parental conflict) influence mothers' depressive symptoms by family structure. Analyses applied random-effects models and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) decomposition techniques, combined with different model specifications as robustness checks (i.e., fixed-effects). Results indicate that: (1) net of sociodemographic factors, lone mothers experience higher levels of depressive symptoms than partnered mothers, with additional analyses confirming that transitioning from partnered to lone mother is associated with higher depressive symptoms, and from lone to partnered mother with reduced depressive symptoms; (2) although 41% of the observed statistical association between family structure and mothers' depressive symptoms is direct, a larger 59% of this mental health gap is mediated by inequalities between lone and partnered mothers in their exposure to family stressors; and (3) the largest share of the observed mediation by family stressors is explained by lone mothers' higher risks of current and past caregiving strain and parental conflict, but also by their current higher financial strain. Overall, this study suggests that lone mothers' lower mental health, compared to partnered mothers, is largely explained by disparities in exposure to family stressors, pointing to how accumulated caregiving and parental stressors, as well as poverty risks, are key explanatory factors behind the mental well-being disadvantage that lone mothers face.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1498987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transnational intergenerational relationships and doing transcultural family through mandarin learning: an ethnographic glance at Chinese dynamics in four intercultural families in Germany.","authors":"Jiayin Li-Gottwald","doi":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1498744","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsoc.2024.1498744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the micro dimension within the field of intercultural family studies. The ethnographic study focuses on Chinese elements in transcultural upbringing practices within families with Chinese mothers and German fathers raising their children in Germany. It builds on the notion of family figuration practice in transnational grandparents-grandchildren relations, particularly Confucian-based transnational grandparenting, and the development of a 'third space' for transcultural family upbringing within intercultural families. Additionally, it incorporates the concepts of discourse perspective of culture and assemblage to explore how Chinese culture and identity converge in a transcultural family upbringing context. The findings show that families have varied experiences with transnational intergenerational communication influenced by their life stage, language abilities, and socio-economic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":36297,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sociology","volume":"9 ","pages":"1498744"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}