Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology最新文献_第2页

Assessing the speed and ease of extracting group and person information from faces 评估从人脸中提取群体和个人信息的速度和容易程度

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.122

Daniel P. Skorich, Kenneth I. Mavor, S. Alexander Haslam, Joel L. Larwood

{"title":"Assessing the speed and ease of extracting group and person information from faces","authors":"Daniel P. Skorich, Kenneth I. Mavor, S. Alexander Haslam, Joel L. Larwood","doi":"10.1002/jts5.122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts5.122","url":null,"abstract":"The human face is a key source of social information. In particular, it communicates a target's personal identity and some of their group memberships. Different models of social perception posit distinct stages at which this group-level and person-level information is extracted from the face, with divergent downstream consequences for cognition and behavior. This paper presents four experiments that explore the time-course of extracting group and person information from faces. In Experiments 1 and 2, we explore the effect of chunked versus unchunked processing on the speed of extracting group versus person information, as well as the impact of familiarity in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, we examine the effect of the availability of a diagnostic cue on these same judgments. In Experiment 4, we explore the effect of both group-level and person-level prototypicality of face exemplars. Across all four experiments, we find no evidence for the perceptual primacy of either group or person information. Instead, we find that chunked processing, featural processing based on a single diagnostic cue, familiarity, and the prototypicality of face exemplars all result in a processing speed advantage for both group-level and person-level judgments equivalently. These results have important implications for influential models of impression formation and can inform, and be integrated with, an understanding of the process of social categorization more broadly.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"603-623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44349097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Testing the motivational effects of attainable role models: Field and experimental evidence 测试可实现的榜样的动机效应：实地和实验证据

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-12-05 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.121

Leire Gartzia, Thekla Morgenroth, Michelle K. Ryan, Kim Peters

引用次数: 2

Ya gotta wanna: Shifting motivational priorities in the self-control process 你要想:在自我控制过程中改变动机优先级

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.119

Keemia Vaghef, Patrick D. Converse, Katrina P. Merlini, Nicholas A. Moon

{"title":"Ya gotta wanna: Shifting motivational priorities in the self-control process","authors":"Keemia Vaghef, Patrick D. Converse, Katrina P. Merlini, Nicholas A. Moon","doi":"10.1002/jts5.119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts5.119","url":null,"abstract":"Self-control has important consequences, but key questions remain regarding the underlying mechanisms involved in self-control over time. This research examined this issue, focusing on the process model of depletion. In particular, this study examined have-to and want-to motivation over time to provide a direct examination of central process model propositions and to investigate extensions to this model involving antecedents and outcomes associated with individual differences in have-to and want-to slopes and intercepts. Participants (N = 238) were presented with a self-control task for 45 min and reported have-to and want-to motivation levels every three minutes. Delay of gratification, future time perspective (antecedents), and task performance (outcome) were also measured. Results from multilevel modeling analyses indicated that have-to motivation decreased over time, want-to motivation increased over time, total time on the self-control task predicted have-to slope, future time perspective predicted have-to intercept, and have-to slope predicted task performance. These findings provide support for aspects of the process model, lead to new insights regarding self-control over time, and suggest additional directions for future research to further expand our understanding of control processes.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"564-575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46791341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construct jangle or construct mangle? Thinking straight about (nonredundant) psychological constructs 构造jangle还是构造mangle？直接思考（非冗余的）心理结构

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.120

Gordon Hodson

{"title":"Construct jangle or construct mangle? Thinking straight about (nonredundant) psychological constructs","authors":"Gordon Hodson","doi":"10.1002/jts5.120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts5.120","url":null,"abstract":"Psychological science aims to make the abstract measurable and quantifiable. As psychologists it is our challenge and charge to capture complex abstractions (e.g., authoritarianism, prejudice, depression) accurately and with transparency. But recent concerns have been raised about the proliferation of constructs across psychology sub-disciplines, with construct redundancy now rife. Critics charge that we do not take seriously construct validity, especially discriminant validity, which exacerbates the replication crisis. Here the author outlines the problem and discusses at a conceptual level how latent modeling can aptly capture constructs and their interrelations without error, isolating and helping to circumvent construct validity problems. At the core of the issue lies a mathematical reality that seems to be largely ignored in psychology: if correlations within and between indicators of constructs are roughly comparable, their latent factors will correlate near-perfectly and thus be redundant. Thoughts about how the field arrived at this juncture are discussed, along with a recommendation to avoid using cute labels (e.g., jingle-jangle fallacies) to represent very serious problems (better labeled as construct redundancy fallacies). Recommendations for thinking straight about constructs, their validation, and their uniqueness, are offered.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"576-590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41751902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

How much could your heart embrace? What about your behavior? The Socio-moral Radar as a behavioral expression of moral regard 你的心能拥抱多少？你的行为怎么样？社会道德雷达作为道德尊重的行为表达

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.117

Sara Sánchez Díez, Anna Zlobina

引用次数: 0

“We must continue.” The strange appearance of “we” instead of “you” in the prods of the Milgram experiment “我们必须继续。”在米尔格拉姆实验中奇怪地出现了“我们”而不是“你”

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.118

Stéphane Laurens, Mickael Ballot

引用次数: 1

Psychopathy and prejudice: The mediating role of empathy, social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism 精神病与偏见：移情、社会支配取向与右翼威权主义的中介作用

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.116

Sofia Stathi, Sajid Humayun, Reay Stoddart Isaac, Demi M. McCarron

{"title":"Psychopathy and prejudice: The mediating role of empathy, social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism","authors":"Sofia Stathi, Sajid Humayun, Reay Stoddart Isaac, Demi M. McCarron","doi":"10.1002/jts5.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts5.116","url":null,"abstract":"A current shift in intergroup relations research aims to delve deeper into whether, and how, individual differences predict social attitudes. Recent research goes beyond the measurement of typical personality traits and focuses also on the subclinical area of malicious traits. The present studies aimed at exploring the role of one such trait, psychopathy, as a predictor of negative social attitudes. The role of empathy was examined as a key underlying process explaining the relationship between primary and secondary psychopathy and social attitudes. Study 1 (N = 171) and Study 2 (N = 332) demonstrated that when entered as simultaneous predictors of negative attitudes toward immigrants (Study 1) and racism (Study 2), only primary psychopathy emerged as a significant predictor. Study 1 further demonstrated that lower levels of empathy mediated the psychopathy—attitudes path. Study 2 decomposed empathy into cognitive and affective, and tested the explanatory role of social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). Primary psychopathy predicted lower cognitive and affective empathy, which sequentially predicted racism via SDO (in the case of cognitive empathy) and RWA (in the case of affective empathy). The results are discussed in the context of an integration between the personality and intergroup relations literature.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"530-541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72308073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of cultural intelligence on multicultural team effectiveness: The chain mediation role of common ingroup identity and communication quality 文化智力对多元文化团队效能的影响：共同内部认同和沟通质量的连锁中介作用

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.115

Juan Shan, Mario Konishi, Patricia Pullin, Anna Lupina-Wegener

{"title":"Effects of cultural intelligence on multicultural team effectiveness: The chain mediation role of common ingroup identity and communication quality","authors":"Juan Shan, Mario Konishi, Patricia Pullin, Anna Lupina-Wegener","doi":"10.1002/jts5.115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts5.115","url":null,"abstract":"In a globalizing world, intercultural competence has become increasingly important for university graduates. Using a sample of 177 students participating in study abroad programs organized by a Swiss university and a Chinese university, we investigate antecedents and mediators to multicultural team (MCT) effectiveness. Based on social identity and self-categorization theories, our findings show that cultural intelligence is positively related to common ingroup identity and MCT effectiveness, and common ingroup identity is positively related to communication and MCT effectiveness. Specifically, common ingroup identity and communication quality play a significant full-chain mediating role in the relationship between cultural intelligence and MCT effectiveness. From an international education perspective, these results provide knowledge of strategies and actions necessary to ensure MCT effectiveness in intercultural collaboration. The latter is relevant for international business collaborations with employees, customers, and external stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"519-529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jts5.115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42202300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The humanity inventory: Developing and validating an individual difference measure of dehumanization propensity 人性清单：发展和验证非人性化倾向的个体差异测量

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.114

Dorottya Lantos, Lasana T. Harris

{"title":"The humanity inventory: Developing and validating an individual difference measure of dehumanization propensity","authors":"Dorottya Lantos, Lasana T. Harris","doi":"10.1002/jts5.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts5.114","url":null,"abstract":"Dehumanization is often explored in the context of inhumane acts of intergroup and interpersonal violence, and is considered a precursor to extreme atrocities. However, research suggests that we may all engage dehumanized perceptions, at least occasionally, if the social context or goals encourage dehumanization. This implies an individual difference nature of dehumanization propensity. Across four online studies (cross-sectional Studies 1, 3, 4, and longitudinal Study 2), we develop and validate the Humanity Inventory (HumIn), a self-report measure of individual differences in the propensity to engage dehumanization. Study 1 (N = 86) entailed item selection. Study 2 (N = 235) examined the validity of the scale and investigated its test–retest reliability. Study 3 (N = 259) compared the HumIn with pre-existing scales measuring related constructs. Study 4 (N = 98) examined the scale's performance in a situational example of dehumanization. Across all studies, the HumIn performs admirably, showing excellent reliability and validity. This novel instrument and broader conceptualization of dehumanization propensity should allow researchers to tackle questions related to dehumanization from a novel perspective, and will aid future research by providing a tool for assessment.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"502-518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jts5.114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72316035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calculating Hypocrites Effect: Moral judgments of word-deed contradictory transgressions depend on targets' competence 计算伪君子效应：言行矛盾违法行为的道德判断取决于目标的能力

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-09-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.113

Mengchen Dong, Jan-Willem van Prooijen, Paul A. M. van Lange

{"title":"Calculating Hypocrites Effect: Moral judgments of word-deed contradictory transgressions depend on targets' competence","authors":"Mengchen Dong, Jan-Willem van Prooijen, Paul A. M. van Lange","doi":"10.1002/jts5.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts5.113","url":null,"abstract":"People often say one thing while doing another, and are therefore criticized as hypocrites. Despite the widespread criticism of hypocrites, relatively less is known about factors that influence moral judgment of hypocrisy. In particular, why are some word-deed inconsistencies condemned more harshly than others? The current research focuses on word-deed inconsistency as a common manifestation of hypocrisy, and examines targets' competence as one important factor that influences moral judgment of hypocrisy. We propose and test a Calculating Hypocrites Effect that people perceive hypocrites as less moral than non-hypocrites (i.e., who transgress with vs. without inconsistent claims), particularly when the targets are high rather than low on competence. Across four studies where competence was either measured (Study 1) or manipulated as expertise (Study 2), occupational status (Study 3) and skills (Study 4), we found support for the presumed Calculating Hypocrites Effect. When the targets were high (vs. low) on competence, people interpreted their misaligned words with deeds as more intentional (Study 2) and self-interested (Study 4), which in turn accounted for their severity of moral judgment. Moreover, the Calculating Hypocrites Effect applied even when the targets were competent in domains unrelated to their hypocritical deeds (Study 3). We conclude that perception of competence is an important factor that determines when, and for whom, hypocrisy incurs moral outrage.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"489-501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jts5.113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72357592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0