Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology最新文献_第2页

A Theory of Reliance on Individuating Information and Stereotypes in Implicit Judgments of Individuals and Social Groups 个体和社会群体内隐判断中的个性化信息依赖与刻板印象理论

IF 2.3

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-08-27 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5118325

Rachel S. Rubinstein, Lee Jussim, Bryan Loh, Megan Buraus

{"title":"A Theory of Reliance on Individuating Information and Stereotypes in Implicit Judgments of Individuals and Social Groups","authors":"Rachel S. Rubinstein, Lee Jussim, Bryan Loh, Megan Buraus","doi":"10.1155/2022/5118325","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/5118325","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 We propose a theory of (a) reliance on stereotypes and individuating information in implicit person perception and (b) the relationship between individuation in implicit person perception and shifts in implicit group stereotypes. The present research preliminarily tested this theory by assessing whether individuating information or stereotypes take primacy in implicit judgments of individuals under circumstances specified by our model and then testing the malleability of implicit group stereotypes in the presence of the same (or additional) counterstereotypic individuating information. Studies 1 and 2 conceptually replicated previous research by examining the effects of stereotype-inconsistent and stereotype-consistent individuating information on implicit stereotype-relevant judgments of individuals. Both studies showed that stereotypic implicit judgments of individuals made in the absence of individuating information were reversed when the individuals were portrayed as stereotype-inconsistent and were strengthened when targets were portrayed as stereotype-consistent (though in Study 2 this strengthening was descriptive rather than inferential). Studies 3 and 4 examined whether the strong effects of individuating information found in studies 1 and 2 extended to the social groups to which the individuals belonged. Even in the presence of up to eight counterstereotypic exemplars, there was no evidence of significant shifts in group stereotypes. Thus, the data showed that the shifts in implicit judgments that were caused by individuating information did not generalize to stereotypes of the social groups to which the individuals belong. Finally, we propose modifications to our theory that include potential reasons for this lack of generalization that we invite future research to explore.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2022/5118325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47790811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Organizational Justice and Health: Reviewing Two Decades of Studies 组织公正与健康:回顾二十年的研究

IF 2.3

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3218883

Laura Cachón-Alonso, Marko Elovainio

{"title":"Organizational Justice and Health: Reviewing Two Decades of Studies","authors":"Laura Cachón-Alonso, Marko Elovainio","doi":"10.1155/2022/3218883","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/3218883","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 Organizational justice refers to employees’ perceptions of the fairness of decision-making rules and policies in the workplace. Lack of justice is suggested to be a significant psychosocial risk factor that affects employees’ attitudes and health. The aim of this narrative review was to compile the evidence available about the effects of organizational justice on health. To this end, a literature search was carried out using the Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycINFO databases. The final sample consisted of 103 articles that studied the effects of justice on mental health (40 results), job stress (26), sickness absence (15), physical health (14), absenteeism/presenteeism (3), safety at work (3), and health of third parties (2). The results show that perceptions of workplace justice predict employees’ mental health, stress-related health problems, and lower levels of sickness absence were relatively compelling. Future studies should focus on less-researched outcomes and on how these associations are modified by other variables for a better understanding of how justice affects health, with a view to being able to carry out preventive measures more efficiently.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2022/3218883","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138538192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond Reciprocity: Forgiveness, Generosity, and Punishment in Continuing Dyadic Interactions 超越互惠:持续二元互动中的宽恕、慷慨和惩罚

IF 2.3

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7259257

Ann C. Rumble, Kevin Willcox, Hirotaka Imada, Dejah Yansen

引用次数: 0

Assessing the speed and ease of extracting group and person information from faces 评估从人脸中提取群体和个人信息的速度和容易程度

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.122

Daniel P. Skorich, Kenneth I. Mavor, S. Alexander Haslam, Joel L. Larwood

{"title":"Assessing the speed and ease of extracting group and person information from faces","authors":"Daniel P. Skorich, Kenneth I. Mavor, S. Alexander Haslam, Joel L. Larwood","doi":"10.1002/jts5.122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts5.122","url":null,"abstract":"The human face is a key source of social information. In particular, it communicates a target's personal identity and some of their group memberships. Different models of social perception posit distinct stages at which this group-level and person-level information is extracted from the face, with divergent downstream consequences for cognition and behavior. This paper presents four experiments that explore the time-course of extracting group and person information from faces. In Experiments 1 and 2, we explore the effect of chunked versus unchunked processing on the speed of extracting group versus person information, as well as the impact of familiarity in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, we examine the effect of the availability of a diagnostic cue on these same judgments. In Experiment 4, we explore the effect of both group-level and person-level prototypicality of face exemplars. Across all four experiments, we find no evidence for the perceptual primacy of either group or person information. Instead, we find that chunked processing, featural processing based on a single diagnostic cue, familiarity, and the prototypicality of face exemplars all result in a processing speed advantage for both group-level and person-level judgments equivalently. These results have important implications for influential models of impression formation and can inform, and be integrated with, an understanding of the process of social categorization more broadly.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"603-623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44349097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Testing the motivational effects of attainable role models: Field and experimental evidence 测试可实现的榜样的动机效应：实地和实验证据

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-12-05 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.121

Leire Gartzia, Thekla Morgenroth, Michelle K. Ryan, Kim Peters

引用次数: 2

Ya gotta wanna: Shifting motivational priorities in the self-control process 你要想:在自我控制过程中改变动机优先级

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.119

Keemia Vaghef, Patrick D. Converse, Katrina P. Merlini, Nicholas A. Moon

{"title":"Ya gotta wanna: Shifting motivational priorities in the self-control process","authors":"Keemia Vaghef, Patrick D. Converse, Katrina P. Merlini, Nicholas A. Moon","doi":"10.1002/jts5.119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts5.119","url":null,"abstract":"Self-control has important consequences, but key questions remain regarding the underlying mechanisms involved in self-control over time. This research examined this issue, focusing on the process model of depletion. In particular, this study examined have-to and want-to motivation over time to provide a direct examination of central process model propositions and to investigate extensions to this model involving antecedents and outcomes associated with individual differences in have-to and want-to slopes and intercepts. Participants (N = 238) were presented with a self-control task for 45 min and reported have-to and want-to motivation levels every three minutes. Delay of gratification, future time perspective (antecedents), and task performance (outcome) were also measured. Results from multilevel modeling analyses indicated that have-to motivation decreased over time, want-to motivation increased over time, total time on the self-control task predicted have-to slope, future time perspective predicted have-to intercept, and have-to slope predicted task performance. These findings provide support for aspects of the process model, lead to new insights regarding self-control over time, and suggest additional directions for future research to further expand our understanding of control processes.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"564-575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46791341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Construct jangle or construct mangle? Thinking straight about (nonredundant) psychological constructs 构造jangle还是构造mangle？直接思考（非冗余的）心理结构

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.120

Gordon Hodson

{"title":"Construct jangle or construct mangle? Thinking straight about (nonredundant) psychological constructs","authors":"Gordon Hodson","doi":"10.1002/jts5.120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jts5.120","url":null,"abstract":"Psychological science aims to make the abstract measurable and quantifiable. As psychologists it is our challenge and charge to capture complex abstractions (e.g., authoritarianism, prejudice, depression) accurately and with transparency. But recent concerns have been raised about the proliferation of constructs across psychology sub-disciplines, with construct redundancy now rife. Critics charge that we do not take seriously construct validity, especially discriminant validity, which exacerbates the replication crisis. Here the author outlines the problem and discusses at a conceptual level how latent modeling can aptly capture constructs and their interrelations without error, isolating and helping to circumvent construct validity problems. At the core of the issue lies a mathematical reality that seems to be largely ignored in psychology: if correlations within and between indicators of constructs are roughly comparable, their latent factors will correlate near-perfectly and thus be redundant. Thoughts about how the field arrived at this juncture are discussed, along with a recommendation to avoid using cute labels (e.g., jingle-jangle fallacies) to represent very serious problems (better labeled as construct redundancy fallacies). Recommendations for thinking straight about constructs, their validation, and their uniqueness, are offered.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"576-590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41751902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

How much could your heart embrace? What about your behavior? The Socio-moral Radar as a behavioral expression of moral regard 你的心能拥抱多少？你的行为怎么样？社会道德雷达作为道德尊重的行为表达

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.117

Sara Sánchez Díez, Anna Zlobina

引用次数: 0

“We must continue.” The strange appearance of “we” instead of “you” in the prods of the Milgram experiment “我们必须继续。”在米尔格拉姆实验中奇怪地出现了“我们”而不是“你”

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.118

Stéphane Laurens, Mickael Ballot

引用次数: 1

Psychopathy and prejudice: The mediating role of empathy, social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism 精神病与偏见：移情、社会支配取向与右翼威权主义的中介作用

IF 1.8

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/jts5.116

Sofia Stathi, Sajid Humayun, Reay Stoddart Isaac, Demi M. McCarron

{"title":"Psychopathy and prejudice: The mediating role of empathy, social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism","authors":"Sofia Stathi, Sajid Humayun, Reay Stoddart Isaac, Demi M. McCarron","doi":"10.1002/jts5.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jts5.116","url":null,"abstract":"A current shift in intergroup relations research aims to delve deeper into whether, and how, individual differences predict social attitudes. Recent research goes beyond the measurement of typical personality traits and focuses also on the subclinical area of malicious traits. The present studies aimed at exploring the role of one such trait, psychopathy, as a predictor of negative social attitudes. The role of empathy was examined as a key underlying process explaining the relationship between primary and secondary psychopathy and social attitudes. Study 1 (N = 171) and Study 2 (N = 332) demonstrated that when entered as simultaneous predictors of negative attitudes toward immigrants (Study 1) and racism (Study 2), only primary psychopathy emerged as a significant predictor. Study 1 further demonstrated that lower levels of empathy mediated the psychopathy—attitudes path. Study 2 decomposed empathy into cognitive and affective, and tested the explanatory role of social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). Primary psychopathy predicted lower cognitive and affective empathy, which sequentially predicted racism via SDO (in the case of cognitive empathy) and RWA (in the case of affective empathy). The results are discussed in the context of an integration between the personality and intergroup relations literature.","PeriodicalId":36271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"530-541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72308073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0