Archives of Mental Health最新文献_第2页

Quality and pattern of sleep and preexamination substance abuse-impact on academic performance in medical students 睡眠质量、睡眠模式与体检前药物滥用对医学生学习成绩的影响

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_16_23

Sagnik Mukherjee, V. Murali Krishna, Gautham Tialam

{"title":"Quality and pattern of sleep and preexamination substance abuse-impact on academic performance in medical students","authors":"Sagnik Mukherjee, V. Murali Krishna, Gautham Tialam","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_16_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_16_23","url":null,"abstract":"Ambiguity persists regarding the role of chronotype, sleeping patterns, and afternoon naps on academic performance. Very little work has been done on the preexamination severity of insomnia leading to consequent substance abuse, which might further cause a decline in sleep quality, creating a vicious cycle. The aim of our study is to correlate the academic performance of medical students with the severity of preexamination insomnia and substance abuse and their general sleep quality and patterns. This is an observational and descriptive study with prospective longitudinal design. A semi-structured questionnaire, which included several scales pertaining to sleep quality and chronotype, was used to assess the relevant parameters among 710 medical students across several medical colleges of India just before their examinations. They were followed up after 1 month and then after 3 months to assess their academic performance and chronicity of insomnia according to Athens Insomnia Scale. Several statistical tests were conducted between the various dependent variables, and finally, linear logistic multivariate regression analysis was done between the predictors, variables, and the outcome. About 78.6% of students were found to be having generalized poor quality of sleep, while 30.8% were found to be suffering from moderate–severe clinical insomnia before their examination. About 30.4% of the students claimed to be using stimulants while 10.7% claimed to be using some sort of depressant before their examination. Significant correlation was found between preexamination insomnia and substance abuse. No significant correlation was found between our predictor variables and academic outcome. Those with higher degrees of insomnia before examination were found to have a statistically significant chance of developing chronic insomnia.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135096393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patterns of tobacco use among patients visiting primary health centers in India: An exploratory study 印度初级卫生中心患者的烟草使用模式:一项探索性研究

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_41_23

Gayatri Bhatia, Krupal Joshi, Jayeshkumar Vakani

{"title":"Patterns of tobacco use among patients visiting primary health centers in India: An exploratory study","authors":"Gayatri Bhatia, Krupal Joshi, Jayeshkumar Vakani","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_41_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_41_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tobacco is a public health concern at global and national levels. The state of Gujarat has 28.6% prevalence of tobacco use, 22% in males and 8% in females. Rajkot, the fourth largest and fastest growing city in Gujarat, is not free from the burden of tobacco use. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the patterns of tobacco use and utilization of tobacco cessation services in the city of Rajkot. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted on adult tobacco users attending rural and urban primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Rajkot. At least 16 participants were recruited from all 75 PHCs (a total of 1152) using probability sampling. Study instruments comprised semi-structured proforma, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, and readiness to change questionnaire. Responses were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: A total of 1161 participants were included. Smokeless tobacco ( n = 967, 83.3%) was preferred over smoking. Mava was the most common smokeless tobacco preparation consumed. The median age of onset was 28 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 22–37), and the median duration of use was 5 years (IQR: 4–10). Males had a significantly greater duration of abstinence ( U = 1218.6, P = 0.002), greater readiness to quit ( χ 2 [df] = 35.66 [8], P = 0.001), and anticipated success ( χ 2 [df] = 28.71 [8], P = 0.004) in abstaining. While utilization of tobacco cessation services was poor overall, counseling (32.5%) and nicotine replacement therapy (19%) were the most commonly used. Conclusion: There is a need for in-depth research on tobacco use among smaller communities, upscaling harm reduction services for tobacco use. Prevention and IEC initiatives need to be revamped considering the special needs of female tobacco users.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135096767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laterality of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study 精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍的偏侧性:一项横断面研究

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_66_22

Kanchan Pant, Shobit Garg, S. Tikka, Preeti Mishra, Priya Tyagi

{"title":"Laterality of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Kanchan Pant, Shobit Garg, S. Tikka, Preeti Mishra, Priya Tyagi","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_66_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_66_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clear localization (or) related deficits would make gateways for forming rehabilitation strategies much needed to enhance functionality in schizophrenia. We aimed to study the neuropsychological dysfunction including laterality in schizophrenia patients by using the native All India Institute of Medical Sciences Comprehensive Neuropsychological Battery (AIIMS CNB) in Hindi Adult form. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study design, 40 right-handed schizophrenia patients in the age range of 18–59 years with primary education who can read and write were purposively recruited. Neuropsychological assessment and psychopathology were assessed by AIIMS CNB and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), respectively. Raw scores and T-scores were recorded, and lateralization scores were calculated. The localization was estimated by commuting eight lobe scales. Statistical analyses of the quantitative scores were done using IBM SPSS 28. Results: The mean PANSS total scores and dose of chlorpromazine equivalents of the sample were 88.900 ± 9.940 and 497.500 ± 100.607 mg. 62.5% of the participants reportedly had the presence of brain dysfunction based on T-scores. Right hemispheric lateralization of cognitive deficits was present markedly in 95% of schizophrenia subjects. As per lobe scale scores, the right sensory-motor lobe (60%) and the right frontal lobe (27.5%) were found to be most dysfunctional. Conclusion: Majority of schizophrenia patients are dysfunctional as per AIIMS CNB and have hemispheric lateralization (right) of deficits. Our findings challenge the loss of asymmetry verdicts in schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"14 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48503051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A cross-sectional study of sociodemographic profile, availability, pattern of use, and service utilization by opioid users in a tertiary care hospital 对三级保健医院阿片类药物使用者的社会人口概况、可得性、使用模式和服务利用情况的横断面研究

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_98_22

S. Goyal, A. Ambekar, Pikakashi Arora, P. Prakash, R. Rao, A. Agrawal, A. Mishra

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of sociodemographic profile, availability, pattern of use, and service utilization by opioid users in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"S. Goyal, A. Ambekar, Pikakashi Arora, P. Prakash, R. Rao, A. Agrawal, A. Mishra","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_98_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_98_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The menace of substance abuse is not only socially unacceptable but also emerging as a major public health challenge in many States of India, including Rajasthan. Aims: The aim of this study is to study the sociodemographic profile, pattern of use, availability of opioids, and process of seeking treatment services for opioid dependence. Subjects and Methods: After ethical clearance, a cross-sectional observational study was carried out among those who fulfilled the screening criteria at a tertiary care hospital. A self-designed pro forma was used, which included a sociodemographic profile, drug use profile and pattern, behaviors and practices, service access, and the World Health Organization Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Results were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: The mean age of the participants was 41.25 (±12.4) years. The majority (98.3%) were males, married (91.7%), illiterate (33.3%), farmers (61.7%), 45.7% lived in Bikaner District, and 83.3% lived in rural areas. Crude opium was the most common drug used in the lifetime of 98% of users. The most common comorbid substance used was tobacco, used by 75% of them. In 85% of cases, opioid drugs were purchased with their own legal earnings. The major reasons for starting opioid drugs were peer pressure (38.3%), to relieve pain/stress (25%), and to increase physical stamina for work (33.3%). The majority (73.3%) of them had utilized services for deaddiction purposes earlier. Conclusion: The rural population in Western Rajasthan was highly affected by opium dependence. Participants were mainly low-potency opioid users without significant impairment in socio-occupational functioning, and their use was mainly to relieve stress and pain and to increase work capacity.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"32 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46230149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Psychogenic vomiting” – A potential transdiagnostic psychological construct: Inferences from case series “心因性呕吐”——一种潜在的跨诊断心理构造:来自病例系列的推论

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_126_22

Aniruddha Basu, Anirban Ray, Ayoleena Roy, S. Sarkar

引用次数: 0

Awareness and utilization of mental health services through primary care centers during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study among adult individuals in rural Mangaluru, India COVID-19期间初级保健中心对精神卫生服务的认识和利用:印度曼格鲁农村成年人的横断面研究

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_150_22

J. Olickal, JencilD Souza

引用次数: 0

Burnout and resilience among resident doctors working at a COVID-19 nodal center in India 在印度COVID-19节点中心工作的住院医生的倦怠和恢复力

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_140_22

Srilakshmi Pingali, Varsha Sriperambudoori, Umashankar Molanguri, T. Deekshith, A. Joopaka

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy-A in adolescents with dissociative disorder in India: An open-label trial 辩证行为疗法- a对印度青少年解离性障碍的疗效:一项开放标签试验

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_57_22

Sneha Das, N. Goyal, N. Sayeed

{"title":"Efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy-A in adolescents with dissociative disorder in India: An open-label trial","authors":"Sneha Das, N. Goyal, N. Sayeed","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_57_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_57_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dialectical behavior therapy-A (DBT-A) is a comprehensive, evidence-based treatment for children and adolescents. To date, there is no empirically validated research for adolescents diagnosed with dissociative disorder (DD) which implies the efficacy of DBT-A. Methods: This was a hospital-based, prospective, open-label trial based on purposive sampling. It was conducted on 40 adolescents diagnosed with DD. They were divided into study group (N = 20) and treatment-as-usual (TAU; N = 20). The TAU group did not receive any psychotherapy apart from medications, but in the study group, they received pharmacotherapy along with DBT-A module (20 sessions). Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used as outcome measures before and after the intervention and compared between the two groups. Results: Findings suggested improvement in the spectrum of dissociative symptoms and cognitive emotion regulations (maladaptive) in sample over 8 weeks at the postassessment phase. However, the outcome measures did not reflect significant improvement in the case of adaptive emotion regulation skills at the post-tests. Further, analyses suggested a mild-to-moderate effect size in terms of therapeutic efficacy in the study group compared to TAU. Conclusion: DBT-A intervention module is an effective addition to the management of adolescents diagnosed with DD.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"26 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45089371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Follow-up attendance of patients with mental disorders and substance use disorders after inpatient treatment in psychiatry ward 精神科精神障碍和物质使用障碍患者住院治疗后的随访

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_196_22

Parthasarathy Ramamurthy, Abhinav Kapoor, M. Manikandan, Pradeep Thilakan

引用次数: 0

A cross-sectional study to explore the association of peer pressure with Internet gaming 一项探讨同伴压力与网络游戏关系的横断面研究

Archives of Mental Health Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_32_23

R. Donthu, A. Mohammed, R. Pasam, Shivani Manchirevula

引用次数: 0