Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Civil Resistance in Bolivia’s 1977-1982 Pro-Democracy Struggle","authors":"Stephen Zunes","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.167","url":null,"abstract":"Despite being the poorest and least developed country in South America, Bolivia was the first to emerge from the period of military dictatorships that dominated the continent from the mid-1960s into the 1980s. This article examines the role of civil resistance in that country’s seemingly improbable early end to military rule, noting how a broad coalition of unions, intellectuals, the Catholic Church, and opposition parties succeeded in bringing down a series of military leaders, eventually ushering in elected civilian governance. Despite the pro-democracy movement’s successful defeat of the dictatorship of Hugo Banzer in 1978, it took more than four years, three general elections, five presidents and several coups d’etat before full electoral democracy was restored. This article responds to questions of how the movement was able to persist, grow, and maintain largely nonviolent discipline in the face of severe repression, shifting alliances, and internal divisions, and how the movement helped lay the groundwork for more recent radical changes in Bolivian politics. The article illustrates other critical factors in the movement’s success: the willingness to avoid armed struggle, the country’s rich tradition of mass-based civil resistance and defiance of central authority, and grassroots democratic relations.","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46597757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celso Thomas Castilho. 2016. Slave Emancipation and Transformations in Brazilian Political Citizenship. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.","authors":"M. Andrade","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46119369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivadoras de paz: experiencia territorial de construcción de tejido social en Cajibío-Cauca","authors":"Y. Campo, C. Cruz","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.181","url":null,"abstract":"La trayectoria de la organizacion de mujeres en el municipio de Cajibio cuenta con doce anos de experiencia ya acumulados en el territorio de la sabana de Pubenza, departamento del Cauca. En la actual coyuntura del proceso de negociacion politica con la guerrilla de las FARC se han generado posibilidades donde las victimas y la sociedad en general pueden avanzar en la participacion en el Estado por medio de la politica publica como mecanismo de gobernabilidad territorial. El Movimiento de Mujeres por la Vida viene desarrollando su planteamiento de paz y justicia social en el marco del movimiento social colombiano; visibilizar y discutir estos planteamientos son los motivos de interes de este articulo. El ensayo contribuye una perspectiva sobre los movimientos de paz contada desde el punto de vista de las bases. The history of women organizing in the municipality of Cajibio includes twelve years of experience across the Pubenza plain in the Cauca department of Colombia. At this current juncture in the political negotiation process with the FARC guerrillas, possibilities have arisen for victims and for society in general to increase participation in governance through public activism as a mechanism for territorial governability. The Women for Life Movement has advocated for peace and social justice within the framework of the Colombian social movement. The purpose of this article is to explain and increase awareness of its objectives and actions. This essay contributes a perspective about movements toward peace told from a grassroots point of view.","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46327886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traci Roberts-Camps. 2017. Latin American Women Filmmakers: Social and Cultural Perspectives. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.","authors":"Laura M. Martins","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68917163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eduardo Cabrera. 9 Cuentos de inmigrantes en los Estados Unidos. 2017. Create Space Independent Publishing Platform.","authors":"Luis A. Ramos-García","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Close. 2016. Nicaragua: Navigating the Politics of Democracy. Boulder and London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.","authors":"B. Potter","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47684288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activismo, literatura y cambio social en el Caribe hispano: aproximación en tres movimientos","authors":"M. A. Aguilar-Dornelles","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.182","url":null,"abstract":"Este ensayo convoca a la reflexion de los vinculos entre literatura, activismo y cambio social en el Caribe hispano privilegiando ciertas intervenciones lideradas por mujeres, las cuales han contribuido a la defensa de mejores condiciones de vida y a un pacto social mas equitativo. Teniendo en cuenta la diversidad y movilidad que caracteriza a la region caribena, esta reflexion comienza examinando las organizaciones feministas autonomas que surgieron en la decada del 70 en Puerto Rico para luego desplazarse hacia el trabajo de cuestionamiento a la historia planteado por la poesia de Aida Cartagena Portalatin en Republica Dominicana, concluyendo con una breve revision del trabajo de critica feminista desarrollado en Cuba en la decada del 90. Examinar los movimientos que lograron renovar y vigorizar la lucha por mejoras sociales y reflexionar sobre la obra de escritoras que nos invitaron a imaginar una sociedad mas justa, contribuye a establecer una lectura de la historia cultural del Caribe hispano desde las dinamicas de genero. Tambien, esta reflexion convoca al reexamen critico de las premisas y estandares desde los que interpretamos la participacion ciudadana y el activismo, con el objetivo de que pueda servirnos de inspiracion a la hora de crear estrategias que nos dirijan hacia nuevos logros. This essay calls for a reflection on the links between literature, activism, and social change in the Hispanic Caribbean, privileging certain interventions led by women, who have contributed to the defense of better living conditions and a more equitable social pact. Taking into account the diversity and mobility that characterizes the Caribbean region, this reflection begins by examining the autonomous feminist organizations that emerged in the 70s in Puerto Rico and then moves towards the work of questioning history posed by the poetry of Aida Cartagena Portalatin in the Dominican Republic, concluding with a brief review of the work done by feminist criticism developed in Cuba in the 90s. Examining the movements that managed to renew and invigorate the struggle for social improvements and reflecting on the work of writers who invited us to imagine a fairer society contribute to establishing a reading of the cultural history of the Hispanic Caribbean from the dynamics of gender. Also, this reflection calls for a critical re-examination of the premises and standards from which we interpret as citizen participation and activism, with the aim that it can serve as inspiration when creating strategies that might lead us to new achievements.","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46914123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contention and Nonviolent Action in Latin America: Introduction to the Special Issue","authors":"J. Pugh, P. Rodríguez","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42851292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contención y acción no violenta en América Latina: introducción al número especial","authors":"Jeffrey D. Pugh, Patricia Rodríguez","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47971992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cuerpos que hablan: identidad de género e impacto social en la película XXY de Lucía Puenzo","authors":"Ana Moraña","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.161","url":null,"abstract":"En este articulo me centrare en el analisis de la pelicula argentina XXY (2007), dirigida por Lucia Puenzo. Me interesa el debate sobre la naturaleza de la identidad de genero y sobre las posibles transformaciones que dicho concepto esta sufriendo hoy en dia, problema que la pelicula presenta en su crisis. Entiendo la identidad “intersex” como uno de los mayores desafios a las estructuras sociales binarias y heteronormativas y me interesa presentar el impacto social y familiar que tiene el cuerpo intersex, tal como lo vemos en la pelicula, cuando su condicion se vuelve publica. Es la hipotesis principal de este articulo que los cuerpos hablan y se imponen en la articulacion y formulacion de su deseo, obligando a la familia, a la sociedad y a las estructuras legales a responder ante semejante apelacion. Multiples leyes se han generado sobre el tema y diferentes perspectivas pueden encontrarse sobre la pelicula desde su lanzamiento, algunas de las cuales son comentadas aqui, desde las cirugias normalizadoras hasta la construccion del cuerpo siguiendo el deseo del sujeto, asi como el concepto de “lo natural”. No se descuida la reflexion en torno al uso del lenguaje cinematografico elegido por la directora para expresar su vision de un tema que provoca debate y que, aunque ha generado nueva legislacion que protege a los sujetos involucrados, sin embargo, tambien ha generado resistencia en multiples niveles de la sociedad (las rioplatenses, uruguaya y argentina, son las representadas en la pelicula). In this article I will focus on the analysis of the Argentine film XXY (2007), directed by Lucia Puenzo. I am interested in the debate on the nature of gender identity and on the possible transformations that this concept is undergoing today, a problem that the film presents in its crisis. I understand “intersex” identity as one of the biggest challenges to binary and heteronormative social structures and am interested in presenting the social and family impact that the intersex body has, as we see it in the film, when its condition becomes public. The main hypothesis of this article is that bodies speak and impose themselves in the articulation and formulation of their desire, forcing the family, society, and legal structures to respond to such an appeal. Multiple laws have been generated on the topic, and different perspectives can be found on the film since its launch, some of which are commented on, from normalizing surgeries to the construction of the body according to the subject’s desire, as well as the concept of what is “natural.”. Not neglected here is a reflection on the use of the cinematographic language chosen by the director to express her vision of a topic that provokes debate and that, although it has generated new legislation that protects the subjects involved, has also generated resistance in multiple levels of society (those from the Rio de la Plata region, Uruguayan and Argentine, are the ones represented in the film).","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49418194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}