Trees, Forests and People最新文献

{"title":"Trust and the potential for bottom-up change in forest management in Sweden","authors":"Louise Eriksson","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To learn about the potential for bottom-up forest management change, this study examined how trust in the forest sector, i.e., internal trust, and trust in the news media, reflecting trust in an external source, are associated with private forest owners’ acceptance of alternative management (i.e., practices used by a minority of owners). Measures of acceptance included beliefs reflecting the extent to which more and less production oriented alternative forestry practices align with the owners’ management goals and intention to engage in collaborative forest planning for ecological and social values. A survey of a random sample of forest owners in Sweden (n = 1763) revealed that close-to-nature practices (e.g., no clear-cuts) were believed to be more aligned with management goals than intensive forestry practices (e.g., fertilization). Yet around 25% of the owners believed that the close-to-nature practices were neither aligned nor non-aligned with their goals, and the share of owners being unsure was 20% or higher for the individual practices. Linear regression models revealed that trust was significantly related to acceptance of alternative management strategies when controlling for covariates. Whereas internal trust was positively associated with intensive forestry beliefs, news media trust was positively associated with both intensive forestry beliefs and close-to-nature beliefs. Moreover, higher news media trust in combination with lower internal trust was associated with stronger close-to-nature beliefs and intention to engage in collaborative planning. The study confirms interactions between different forms of trust and highlights the importance of external trust to reinforce diverse alternative management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147945021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“We invest it in the forest”: multiple payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs as inputs for community forestry in Amanalco, Mexico","authors":"Alejandra Zaga-Mendez ,&nbsp;Santiago Izquierdo-Tort ,&nbsp;Andrea Alatorre ,&nbsp;Faby Anne Gagné-Mimeault ,&nbsp;Jérôme Dupras","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Payments for ecosystem services (PES) are a fast-growing forest conservation instrument across the Global South which often operate within a broader policy mix. We analyze the collective and individual development strategies that result from the dynamic interplay of multiple PES programs in a context of common-property. Our case study is the municipality of Amanalco, in the State of Mexico, a temperate forest site of high hydrological importance where multiple state and NGO-led PES programs have been implemented with communities since the early 2000s. We show that participating communities strategically coordinate and combine revenues from several PES programs for sustainable logging, a long-standing economic path perceived by participants as a viable conservation strategy of the forest commons. We show how PES programs act as .. inputs to production... for community-based forestry, and, by doing so, reinforce the forestry industry and increase related revenues, which eventually trickle down to individual households. Our analysis illustrates how communities hybridize and adapt PES schemes to pursue local development strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147945039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass and carbon quantification in Teak (Tectona grandis) forests: a global systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Muhammad Abdul Qirom ,&nbsp;Ris Hadi Purwanto ,&nbsp;Haruni Krisnawati ,&nbsp;Wahyu Catur Adinugroho ,&nbsp;Budi Mulyana ,&nbsp;Freddy Jontara Hutapea","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Teak (<em>Tectona grandis</em>) is a highly valuable tropical hardwood species that provides substantial economic returns and important ecological functions, including carbon (C) sequestration benefits. Accurate estimation of C stocks in teak forests is critical for climate change mitigation. Yet, current assessments are constrained by methodological inconsistencies and the widespread use of generalized parameters, such as biomass expansion factor (BEF), C conversion factor (CCF), and root-to-shoot ratio (RSR). Here, we systematically reviewed 111 publications and conducted a meta-analysis of 59 studies to develop a global synthesis of teak-specific biomass and C accounting parameters. The compiled dataset is geographically uneven, with most studies originating from Asia and comparatively limited data from Africa and Latin America. Our results revealed that stems account for the majority of total tree biomass (66.9 %), followed by branches (16.6 %), roots (12.8 %), and foliage (≤ 3.7 %), indicating predominant C allocation in long-lived woody components. The pooled mean BEF was 1.66, and the mean RSR was 0.23. Mean C concentrations were 48.9 % in stem biomass, 44.2 % in understorey vegetation, and 42.8 % in litter. However, heterogeneity was consistently high across studies, indicating substantial variability associated with differences in site conditions, stand characteristics, and methodological approaches. These findings demonstrate that uniform application of BEF, RSR, and CCF can introduce systematic bias in teak C estimates. We recommend the adoption of species- and site-specific parameters, inclusion of coarse woody debris, and standardized, depth-explicit soil protocols to improve accuracy and comparability. Overall, this synthesis provides an evidence-based framework for teak C assessments and highlights the role of sustainably managed teak plantations in climate change mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147798054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation and resource optimization strategy for ancient and notable trees conservation efficacy","authors":"Kai Liu (刘凯) ,&nbsp;Shouqiang Wang (王守强) ,&nbsp;Shoujian Li (李守剑) ,&nbsp;Yufeng Ma (马御风) ,&nbsp;Yuexiu Su (苏月秀) ,&nbsp;Wenjun Ma (马文俊) ,&nbsp;Kaibo Hu (胡开波)","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the lack of a quantitative assessment framework for evaluating the conservation efficacy of ancient and notable trees, as well as the absence of a scientific basis for optimal resource allocation, this study developed an evaluation model based on the “Tree-Environment-Human” triad criterion framework. The model was applied to assess the conservation efficacy of 71,578 ancient and notable trees in Sichuan Province, and resource optimisation strategies were proposed accordingly. (1) Sichuan’s current conservation strategies have achieved significant success in basic protection measures, including controlling anthropogenic disturbance, ensuring tree growth and improving the growing environment. However, there were notable deficiencies in value-added protection, including landscape aesthetics, historical and cultural value and rarity; (2) The conservation efficacy scores for different types of ancient and notable trees are ranked as follows: trees that are both ancient and notable (54.17) &gt; notable trees (54.03) &gt; Grade I ancient trees (53.19) &gt; Grade II ancient trees (46.81) &gt; Grade III ancient trees (42.36). Grade III ancient trees, which account for the largest proportion (75.93%) and have relatively ordinary status, were often neglected in resource allocation; (3) A total of 97.59% of trees in Sichuan Province were concentrated in the medium-value zone (30.01–60.00 points). Protection strategies should shift from the “basic protection” towards “value appreciation”; (4) Under the synergistic effects of multiple measures—including tree growth, spatial security, cultural recognition and conservation investment—the conservation efficacy of the high-score group was approximately 1.75 to 7.00 times that of the low-score group; and (5) resource optimisation strategies should include establishing ancient and notable trees parks, implementing targeted protection measures for Grade III ancient trees, launching targeted initiatives for low-value zones, and encouraging multi-dimensional, synergistic conservation models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling forest stand variability by means of remotely sensed vertical structure parameters","authors":"Florian Lippl ,&nbsp;Bianca N.I. Eskelson ,&nbsp;Ian Moss ,&nbsp;Manuela Hirschmugl","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vertical forest structural complexity plays a substantial role for biomass, natural regeneration, and habitat provision, yet in-situ mapping remains costly. Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) has shown potential to derive relevant structural forest parameters. This study estimates the Standard Deviation of Tree Heights (SD_HT) and the Gini Coefficient of Basal Area per Hectare (GC_BPH) from Lidar metrics using Partial Least Squares (PLS) and Random Forest (RF) models. Together, SD_HT and GC_BPH capture height variability and tree size inequality, which influence cover and forage availability for mule deer winter habitat. The study was conducted in the Alex Fraser Research Forest, British Columbia. Models were applied to Lidar data from 2013 and 2019 to assess temporal trends. SD_HT was well estimated (R² = 0.76, rRMSE = 13<!--> <!-->%), while GC_BPH showed moderate accuracy (R² = 0.42/0.46, rRMSE = 18<!--> <!-->%). RF achieved R² of 0.72 and 0.50 for SD_HT and GC_BPH, respectively. Simultaneous modeling improved GC_BPH estimates. L-Scale emerged as a key Lidar metric. Results support applications in habitat modeling, fuel modeling, biomass estimation, and disturbance assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147850245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic and forests: A global stress test for socio-ecological systems","authors":"Xiaodi Zhao ,&nbsp;Liyong Fu ,&nbsp;Ram Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148177675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing community's wildfire risk awareness: A case study of Mafra, Portugal","authors":"Sidra Ijaz Khan ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Beverly ,&nbsp;Ana Catarina Sequeira ,&nbsp;Maria Conceição Colaço","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfires pose a huge risk to communities, particularly in wildland-urban interface areas, such as the entire Mafra municipality in Portugal. This study investigates wildfire risk perception among residents of different villages of the Mafra municipality. The perceived risk is compared with the calculated biophysical exposure, which serves as a proxy for risk. A field survey was conducted among 205 participants across eight villages, collecting demographic data, risk perception, preparedness, and awareness of fire mitigation measures. Key trends in risk perception and behavioral responses were identified statistically. Results show that perceived wildfire risk was generally high (78%) but varied across villages and did not always align with biophysical exposure levels, revealing local mismatches between objective hazard and subjective assessment, alongside limited awareness of programs such as Aldeia Segura Pessoas Seguras. Integrating spatial exposure analysis with community-based perception data provides a comprehensive understanding of wildfire risk and highlights the need for targeted, context-specific communication and preparedness strategies in WUI communities. Future work should focus on longitudinal studies to track changes in wildfire perception and evaluate the effectiveness of risk mitigation policies. A holistic approach combining exposure and community assessment will be crucial in mitigating wildfire risks in the Mafra municipality and similar fire-prone regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147798047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forestry-based carbon financing mechanisms and their role in advancing sustainable forest management: A systematic review","authors":"Jabulani Nyengere ,&nbsp;Harineck Mayamiko Tholo ,&nbsp;Sylvester Kumpolota ,&nbsp;Allena Laura Njala ,&nbsp;Andrew Jamali ,&nbsp;Trisha Chalulu ,&nbsp;James Akai ,&nbsp;Chimwemwe Gremu ,&nbsp;Misozi Kambanje ,&nbsp;Pamela Kuwali ,&nbsp;Precious Masuku ,&nbsp;Chikondi Chisenga ,&nbsp;Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forestry-based carbon financing mechanisms are significantly reshaping forest governance by converting emissions reductions and carbon removals into revenue streams that incentivize sustainable forest management, especially in the Global South. This systematic review synthesized peer-reviewed evidence on the types of forestry-based carbon financing mechanisms documented in the literature, how these mechanisms are designed and implemented, the environmental, social, and governance outcomes they produce, and the challenges and opportunities shaping their scalability. A PRISMA-guided systematic search retrieved 709 records across multiple academic databases, of which 73 studies met the eligibility criteria for final synthesis. The evidence base expanded sharply after 2022, with Asia and Africa representing the most studied regions. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) was the most commonly documented mechanism, featured in 41 studies, followed by voluntary carbon markets (18 studies) and Payments for Ecosystem Services (9 studies). Across mechanisms, results-based finance, robust measurement, reporting and verification systems, and community-based governance arrangements were the most commonly reported design features. Environmental outcomes were most consistently reported, particularly reduced deforestation, enhanced carbon sequestration, and biodiversity conservation, while social and governance outcomes were more variable and strongly shaped by tenure security, benefit-sharing equity, and institutional capacity. The most recurrent constraints were insecure land tenure, high transaction costs, weak governance and policy fragmentation, and market integrity risks including leakage and non-permanence. Nevertheless, opportunities were identified in the growing demand for high-integrity credits, integration with national climate policy frameworks, and advances in monitoring technologies. The review concludes that forestry-based carbon finance can contribute to sustainable forest management in the Global South, but its long-term success hinges on credible governance, transparent safeguards, and equitable benefit distribution, not just finance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147798055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding of three decade temporal dataset of mangrove distribution on shoreline expansion in Subang Northern Coastal Area, Indonesia","authors":"Nyoto Santoso ,&nbsp;Rizki Praba Nugraha ,&nbsp;Khairani Putri Marfi ,&nbsp;Aulia Ulfa ,&nbsp;Rahmat Asy’Ari","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangroves are vital ecosystems with temporal dynamics influenced by tidal fluctuations and anthropogenic coastal activities that cause high erosion of river estuary landscapes, thereby creating new space for mangroves to expand. Unfortunately, the temporal dynamics of coastal morphology and its relationship with mangroves have been understudied in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to examine the dynamics of mangrove cover in changing shoreline areas in Subang Regency, using Landsat spatial data. The Random Forest algorithm through the GEE platform plays a role in classifying mangroves annually from 1990 to 2025, obtaining an existing mangrove area of 261 ha in 2025. This area has decreased significantly compared to 1992, which reached 639 ha (Rsquared 0.63 and <em>p</em>-value &lt; 0.001). The <em>Avicennia marina</em> silvofishery system dominates the anthropogenic intervention area in the critical coastal landscape, following mangrove expansion. The shoreline change reached 46 m year^-1 and accretion formed due to sediment accumulation at an accretion rate of 23 ha year^-1, resulting in additional mangrove cover. However, the rate of aquaculture intervention in coastal areas was not proportional to mangrove succession in the accretion area, resulting in discrimination of mangrove areas up to the shoreline. In mangrove conservation efforts, regional and national policy support is urgently needed to regulate anthropogenic activities through the implementation of a mangrove silvofishery system. These efforts are being undertaken in response to the critical condition of mangroves on the northern coast of Java Island, with the aim of preserving their ecological benefits to support the national FOLU Net Sink 2030 target and annual NDC reporting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147798636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling spatiotemporal dynamics of wattle plantations in northwestern Ethiopia using harmonised PlanetScope and RapidEye imagery","authors":"Celuxolo Michal Dlamini ,&nbsp;Trylee Nyasha Matongera ,&nbsp;Simon Lawson ,&nbsp;Madaline Healey ,&nbsp;Agena Tanga ,&nbsp;Kumela Regasa ,&nbsp;Weldesenbet Kassie ,&nbsp;Brett Phillip Hurley ,&nbsp;Ilaria Germishuizen","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plantation forests within agroforestry systems play a critical role in supporting rural livelihoods across sub-Saharan Africa, yet their sustainability is increasingly threatened by land-use change, demographic pressure, and emerging biotic threats. In Awi Zone of Ethiopia, wattle (<em>Acacia</em> spp.) plantations are widely cultivated by smallholders, providing timber, fuelwood, charcoal, and income, while also contributing to soil amelioration and reducing pressure on natural forests. However, their invasive tendencies can also drive biodiversity loss and disrupt ecosystem services beyond intended planting sites. Balancing these benefits against ecological risks remains a global challenge. This study assesses the spatiotemporal dynamics of wattle plantations and associated Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes in the Awi Zone from 2013 to 2025, with particular attention given to recent declines potentially linked to the emergence of wattle rust disease (<em>Uromycladium acaciae</em>). PlanetScope (3–5 m) and RapidEye (5 m) satellite images were harmonised and classified on Google Earth Engine (GEE) using a Random Forest classifier to generate LULC maps for five epochs (2013, 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025). Classification performance was consistently high [Overall Accuracy (OA) 0.80–0.93; Kappa 0.70–0.91] for all periods. Change detection analysis indicated rapid expansion of wattle plantations between 2013 and 2016 (+181%) followed by a sustained and consistent decline with most pronounced gross loss of 181 km² (24.8%) between 2019 and 2022, largely driven by conversion to Other vegetation and alternative LULC classes. The trend continued until 2025, with a further 27.7% reduction in wattle plantation area to 527 km². Although rotational agroforestry practices partly explain cyclical changes, the timing and magnitude of recent declines may indicate that wattle rust reduced plantation viability and encouraged transitions to alternative land uses. This study highlights the value of remote sensing in monitoring disease risks, land-use pressures, and livelihood sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}