Journal of Osteopathic Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Equity reporting in systematic reviews and meta-analysis for geographic atrophy: a PROGRESS-Plus assessment.","authors":"Ryan Emmert, Tyler McKenzie, Dawsyn Smith, Hanna Russell, Gracie Schultheis, Micah Hartwell","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2025-0107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>As systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) are crucial for treatment development, they must provide guidelines that represent diverse patient demographics to promote equitable health care. As new research and treatment modalities are being developed for geographic atrophy (GA), establishing an equitable research foundation is becoming vitally important to physicians as they personalize their treatment plans.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This analysis aims to determine whether SRMAs pertaining to GA are reporting equity-related items utilizing the PROGRESS-Plus framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis by searching databases for systematic reviews and meta-analyses concerning GA from the year 2000 to November 2023. From this search, 176 articles returned, but only 57 of them met all the inclusion criteria. After screening the articles for inclusion, data pertaining to PROGRESS-Plus items were extracted. All analyses were conducted in a masked and duplicative fashion. <i>χ</i> ² tests were employed to determine whether associations existed between the variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the initial search, 176 articles returned, of which 119 were excluded due to duplication, data unrelated to GA, or because it was animal-based research. Of the remaining 57 studies, 26 (45.6 %) included zero PROGRESS-Plus items. Fewer articles from the US-reported equity items (31.3 %, 5/16) compared to other countries (63.4 %, 26/41), which held statistical significance (p=0.028).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The American Academy of Ophthalmology has created initiatives to increase diversity, equity, and inclusion within the subspecialty. By using the PROGRESS-Plus framework, this study concluded that the majority of the articles pertaining to GA do not meet equity item objectives. As these documents aid physicians in developing treatment plans, these findings are concerning as physicians may find it more difficult to individually tailor treatment plans according to each patient's holistic needs. Limitations in this study included unintentional omission or misclassification of research documents despite the comprehensive search string and double-blinded analysis. Furthermore, the results of this study cannot be generalized to other areas of research.</p>","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene variations on autism spectrum disorder severity.","authors":"Christian C Iannuzzelli, Andrea L Iannuzzelli, Brandon Cunha, Venkateswar Venkataraman, Wendy Aita","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2025-0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social communication and repetitive behaviors. Its etiology is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Variations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, which is implicated in folate metabolism and neurodevelopment, are widespread in the autism population. Understanding the relationship between MTHFR gene variations and ASD may be critical for early diagnosis and intervention.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to investigate the association between MTHFR gene variations and the severity of ASD symptoms in a clinical cohort. The goal is to determine whether reduced MTHFR activity correlates with increased symptom severity, thus offering insights into potential mechanisms and intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 78 patients diagnosed with ASD who had previously undergone genetic testing to measure MTHFR activity levels were recruited. ASD severity was assessed utilizing DSM-5 criteria. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between MTHFR activity and ASD symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis identified a significant negative correlation between MTHFR activity levels and ASD severity (p<0.05). Patients with lower MTHFR activity exhibited more severe ASD symptoms, as measured by DSM-5 classifications. These findings emphasize the potential link between MTHFR gene variations and neurodevelopmental outcomes in ASD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the role of MTHFR gene variations in modulating ASD severity. The results support the potential for utilizing MTHFR activity as a biomarker for early screening and tailoring targeted interventions for individuals with MTHFR deficiencies. Due to a small sample size, any conclusions drawn from this study are limited and may be misleading in future studies. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and to develop clinical strategies that mitigate the impact of these genetic variations on ASD progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proven template for providing streamlined, scalable, cost-effective clinical research opportunities in osteopathic medical schools.","authors":"Jacey N Greek, Andrew P Greek, Mari Hopper, Robert Arnce","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-0060","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jom-2025-0060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>In an era in which clinical research plays a crucial role in advancing medical knowledge and contributing to the resume of medical students attempting to match into a residency, the creation of sustainable and effective research opportunities within medical education is paramount. Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (COMs) face unique challenges in creating these opportunities in a scalable and cost-efficient manner. Without these opportunities, osteopathic medical students may find themselves at a disadvantage compared to their allopathic counterparts in residency placements and academic career paths.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We have created a template for providing perpetual, streamlined, scalable, cost-effective clinical research at our institution, and we believe that it can be implemented at other COMs. This abstract describes our research template and its outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our template for creating clinical research opportunities has been in operation for the past 3 years. All of our studies are structured as retrospective analyses of data obtained from the electronic medical records of patients admitted to the hospital over a specific time frame. Initially, a broad-based research proposal is submitted to the hospital Institutional Review Board (IRB) on a particular topic. From this, multiple initial IRB research projects are generated. First- and second-year medical students go through a standardized application and onboarding process prior to participation in research. Students are then subdivided into research groups of four students each. Each research group is assigned a research topic and a faculty mentor who will help them navigate through the research project.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Since 2022, a total of 295 medical students have participated in clinical research through this model, supported by 11 faculty research mentors. Across four completed research cycles, 64 projects have been conducted, resulting in 62 poster presentations (97 %), 15 peer-reviewed publications (23 %), and 6 additional manuscripts (9 %) currently under review.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical research opportunities at COMs are needed now more than ever before. Over the past 3 years, our clinical research template has been proven to provide perpetual, streamlined, scalable, cost-effective clinical research. We believe that our template can be utilized to provide increased clinical research opportunities at other COMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythromelalgia: a cutaneous manifestation of polycythemia vera.","authors":"Mark Saad, Robert Dazé","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-0136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2025-0136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hospitalist's paradox: on pay, perception, and the true value of a healer in the valley of the sun.","authors":"Gary P MacDonald","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-0095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2025-0095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the sentiments of a Phoenix-area hospitalist who feels underpaid despite earning an objectively high salary. While physician compensation in the United States, including that of hospitalists (around $365,000 in Phoenix), ranks among the highest globally and places them in the top income percentiles domestically, the perception of being \"underpaid\" persists. The piece argues this feeling is a complex value judgment, influenced by the immense effort, sacrifice, and societal contribution inherent in the profession, often perceived as inadequately reflected by market-driven compensation. Cognitive biases, such as the Intrinsic Worth Fallacy and Social Comparison Bias, further shape this perception. Systemic healthcare issues, including administrative burdens and professional disempowerment, also contribute, leading to dissatisfaction where salary becomes a primary, yet seemingly insufficient, metric of worth. The article concludes that true professional value transcends monetary figures, calling for systemic changes to better acknowledge and support physicians, ensuring their profound contributions are recognized beyond financial metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative cross-sectional analysis of asthma outcomes and sinus surgery utilization in Appalachian and non-Appalachian counties of Ohio.","authors":"Samuel Borgemenke, Robert Osap, Kirsten Bogunovich, Nicholas Durstock, Elizabeth A Beverly","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2025-0046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Healthcare inequities disproportionately affect underprivileged groups, leading to negative health outcomes. Challenges are compounded in regions like Appalachian Ohio, where rurality and poverty exacerbate issues such as access to care and environmental stressors, significantly impacting conditions like asthma. In severe cases of asthma, sinus surgery is sometimes indicated, because it has been shown to improve asthma-related symptoms. However, the specialists who perform these procedures, such as otolaryngologists, may be less available to certain underprivileged groups.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of social determinants of health on the prevalence and treatment of asthma in Appalachian vs. non-Appalachian regions of Ohio, and how those factors affect the rate at which sinus surgery is performed in different populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilized public data gathered in the year 2021 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to compare asthma prevalence, emergency visit and hospitalization rates, sinus surgery frequencies, and social determinants of health in Appalachian vs. non-Appalachian regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both the average prevalence rate of asthma (p<0.001) and the number of emergency department visits as a complication of asthma (p<0.01) in Appalachian Ohio counties were significantly higher than non-Appalachian counties. Interestingly, the ratio between sinus surgery prevalence and the number of procedures was not statistically different between Appalachian and non-Appalachian counties. This included balloon sinuplasty (p=0.4), septoplasty (p=0.4), and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS, p=0.4). Additionally, several social determinants of health, specifically the poverty rate (<i>r</i>=0.9, p<0.001), uninsured rate (<i>r</i>=0.4, p<0.001), unemployment rate (<i>r</i>=0.5, p<0.001), and housing burden rate (<i>r</i>=0.6, p<0.001) were shown to have a significant correlation with the rate of asthma prevalence among adults in Ohio.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Asthma prevalence and treatment availability differ significantly between Appalachian and non-Appalachian regions of Ohio, highlighting the need to improve access to specialists and address barriers to care in rural populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of training student physicians in culturally sensitive patient care using an interprofessional culturally competent curriculum.","authors":"Aida Aminpour, McKenzie Gelvin, Abigail Smurzynski, Frank Gardner, Jeffrey Gardere","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2025-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>As patient populations become increasingly diverse, the need for training and education in providing culturally competent care among student physicians, and Master's in Interdisciplinary Studies in Biological and Physical Sciences (MS) students, becomes critical. This training is vital for the safety and well-being of patients, as well as for achieving better patient health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to measure and compare the efficacy in improving cultural competency skills among these students after completing cultural competency courses in their respective medical programs: an interprofessional (IPE) cultural competency course for first-year Doctor in Osteopathic Medicine (DO) students and a cultural competency course for MS. Both of the classes took place online.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Qualtrics survey consisting of a modified version of the Cultural Awareness Scale (CAS) was electronically distributed to students before and after completing the Introduction to Cultural Competency course for first-year DOs and a cultural competence course for Master's students at Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine (TouroCOM). A total of 141 results were analyzed and compared differences in the means of Total CAS score values utilizing paired and independent <i>t</i>-tests. This study was approved by the TouroNY institutional review board (#18532).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, the Master's mean Total CAS scores were 6.6 points higher on the postclass survey compared to the preclass survey (<i>t</i> ₄₀=2.3, p<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between the preclass and postclass mean Total CAS scores of the DO students. Additionally, in the postclass survey, the current Master's students' mean Total CAS scores were on average 14.3 points higher than the DO students (<i>t</i> _39.9=5.096, p<0.001). This difference was also reflected in analyses conducted on former Master's students. This finding is compounded by the fact that we found no significant difference between these groups' mean CAS scores in the preclass surveys (p=0.170).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the previously mentioned findings, we can deduce that Master's students showed an improvement in cultural competency skills after attending a cultural competency course for MS, although the first-year DO student physicians did not show any significant change in cultural competency skills after taking an IPE cultural competency curriculum. Based upon the results from both the DO and MS students, the establishment and inclusion of a cultural competency class with a developed curriculum is crucial for reducing bias and addressing medical-based discrimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of a summer research internship program on research engagement of osteopathic medical students.","authors":"Anupam Bishayee, Michael A Wallace, Adam K Bobak, Tianna L Sasher, Luis A Alvarez, Tania S Flink","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2025-0056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Research plays a critical role in the medical field, driving progress and shaping clinical guidelines. It has become particularly significant in the residency application process due to the advent of \"pass or fail\" scoring for Step 1. Unfortunately, there is a marked discrepancy between the quantity of research conducted by osteopathic and allopathic students, disadvantaging many osteopathic residency applicants.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (LECOM)-Bradenton established the Summer Research Internship Program in 2023 to improve research self-efficacy, facilitate research participation, and encourage lifelong research engagement in Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate participant research experience and self-efficacy through pre- and postprogram surveys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study consisted of an experimental group of 18 students who participated in this program. A control group consisted of 20 students not enrolled in the program who had minimal research experience and no plans to conduct research throughout the study's duration. Participants completed pre- and postprogram surveys, assessing research experience and self-efficacy across four domains: knowledge of research foundations, ability to identify scholarly literature, motivation to conduct research, and likelihood of future engagement. Data were analyzed via a quantitative Likert scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental group reported significantly greater (p<0.05) research experience pre- and postprogram including poster creation, LECOM Research Day participation, and publication history. The experimental group also had significantly (p<0.05) more experience with manuscript preparation postprogram compared to the controls. For the self-efficacy survey, the experimental group had higher (p<0.05) motivation to perform research prior to the start of the program compared to the controls. Moreover, this group gained greater (p<0.05) experience in research foundations and identification of the literature postprogram compared with controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The LECOM Summer Research Internship Program significantly enhanced research experience and self-efficacy among participants when compared to controls. This program study may serve as a model for other institutions seeking to expand student research engagement and build a culture of scholarly activity. Expanding successful structured research programs may also help address the disparity in research output between osteopathic and allopathic medical students.</p>","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mechanism of muscle energy for a superiorly subluxed rib one.","authors":"Katherine Teixeira, Nicole Russell, Teodor Huzij","doi":"10.1515/jom-2024-0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2024-0131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The muscle energy technique for a superiorly subluxed rib, introduced by Fred Mitchell Sr., DO, and later adapted by Philip Greenman, DO, is an effective treatment for a superior rib one somatic dysfunction. Although muscle energy techniques involve various reflexes, Mitchell and Greenman emphasized the postisometric relaxation variation. However, aligning this technique with general postisometric relaxation principles requires certain assumptions to be made about involved nerve reflexes. By analyzing similarly paired muscles to the anterior and middle scalenes as well as the neurologic mechanisms of muscle energy, the most plausible explanation for this technique involves the crossed-extensor reflex or postisometric relaxation with assumptions. This article examines the reflexes at play and the clinical implications for refining muscle energy applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: Longitudinal outcomes among patients with fibromyalgia, chronic widespread pain, or localized chronic low back pain.","authors":"John C Licciardone, Elizabeth Brownell, Uchechi Nwaichi, Arpan Patel, Khanh Do","doi":"10.1515/jom-2025-3004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2025-3004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Osteopathic Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}