{"title":"Micro-Doppler Gesture Recognition using Doppler, Time and Range Based Features","authors":"M. Ritchie, Aaron M. Jones","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835782","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents micro-Doppler analysis and classification results from radar measurements of various hand gestures. A new database of 6 individuals completing 4 separate gestures with over 3,000 repetitions was recorded using a 24 GHz Ancortek radar system. The micro-Doppler signatures from these gestures were generated, features extracted and multiple different classifiers applied to this gesture data. A typical micro-Doppler classification process aims to use either a single range bin of data, average over a series of range bins or align all the target signal to a single bin. Different to previous techniques, the paper presents a method that uses multiple ranges bins to produce a spectrogram per range bin in order to represent the observed gesture over all four dimensions of time, Doppler, space and polarization. A comparison of the traditional and the newly proposed technique is shown and the improvements demonstrated are observed to be significant.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132404213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Ilioudis, Jianlin Cao, Ilias Theodorou, Pasquale Striano, William Coventry, C. Clemente, J. Soraghan
{"title":"GNSS Based Passive Radar for UAV Monitoring","authors":"C. Ilioudis, Jianlin Cao, Ilias Theodorou, Pasquale Striano, William Coventry, C. Clemente, J. Soraghan","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835606","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) targets has been a subject of great importance in both defence and security sectors. In this paper a novel system is introduced based on a passive bistatic radar using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) as illuminators of opportunity. Particularly, a link budget analysis is held to determine the capabilities and limitations of such a system. Additionally, a signal reconstruction algorithm is provided allowing estimation of the transmitted signal from each satellite. Finally, the proposed system is tested in outdoor acquisitions of small UAV targets where the Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) is used as tool to enhance target detectability.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132796561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Preprocessing Methods for Iceberg and Ship Recognition with Convolutional Neural Networks","authors":"XingWen Li, Weimin Huang, D. Peters, D. Power","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835807","url":null,"abstract":"The classification of objects and man-made structures on the ocean surface using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery finds an important use in monitoring for icebergs and sea ice. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method can be employed to effectively classify objects imaged through SAR data. In this paper, the CNN performance is evaluated when three different preprocessing procedures are applied to the SAR image data to prepare the CNN's input data. Segmentation or normalization algorithms are implemented in the three procedures. Experimental results demonstrate an improvement over unsegmented and un-normalized images. Performance metrics for all three methods are approximately 94%, indicating that while some image preprocessing is required to achieve higher performance, the CNN tested is robust to the noise present in the SAR images used.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125717644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust Target Tracking with Discontinuous Signal for Passive Sensor Systems","authors":"Lingzhi Fu, Wei Yi, Suqi Li, L. Kong","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835659","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the tracking problem of a moving emitter, which discontinuously emits certain signals, in a passive sensor system. The aim is to estimate both the kinematic state of the emitter and the discontinuous property of the signal emission. To this end, we first build the signal emission model of emitter and the discontinuous measurement model of the passive sensor. Next, we formulate the tracking problem in the Bayesian estimation framework based on these models. We then propose a backward adaptive update time Kalman filter (BAUT-KF), which can update state estimation at arbitrary time, to solve this tracking problem. In order to better estimate the discontinuous property of the signal emission, BAUT-KF employs an adaptive strategy to adjust the state update time. We also propose a forward adaptive update time Kalman filter (FAUT-KF) which adopts a forward adaptive strategy based on BAUT-KF. The linear and Gaussian implementation of the proposed algorithms is also presented. Finally, both the simulation and real-world data from a passive sonar system demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed methods.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129454222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Gusland, Borge Torvik, E. Finden, Fredrik Gulbrandsen, Ragnar Smestad
{"title":"Imaging radar for navigation and surveillance on an autonomous unmanned ground vehicle capable of detecting obstacles obscured by vegetation","authors":"Daniel Gusland, Borge Torvik, E. Finden, Fredrik Gulbrandsen, Ragnar Smestad","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835514","url":null,"abstract":"The Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), has developed a multi purpose radar demonstrator for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) on the Off-road Light Autonomous Vehicle (OLAV) platform. The radar is designed to aid OLAV in navigation, detection and classification. Operating in off-road environments is a considerable challenge for autonomous vehicles, especially in the presence of vegetation. While existing perception sensors such as cameras and LIght Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) work well in clear weather and areas without vegetation, they are impaired by rain, fog, smoke and vegetation. This paper presents the development of the Multiple Usage Radar - S-band (MURA-S), developed to aid the autonomous platforms in challenging conditions. Initial considerations and frequency selection for the radar is presented in addition to a detailed explanation of the antenna configuration and the utilization of time-domain multiplexed Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) techniques to increase the cross-range resolution of the radar. Preliminary experimental results for detecting obstacles obscured by vegetation are presented and compared with obstacle maps created by the LiDAR, showing that the radar enhances the capabilities of the perception system.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132659404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Luong, A. Damini, B. Balaji, Sandbo Chang, A. Vadiraj, C. Wilson
{"title":"A Quantum-Enhanced Radar Prototype","authors":"David Luong, A. Damini, B. Balaji, Sandbo Chang, A. Vadiraj, C. Wilson","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835632","url":null,"abstract":"We have built and evaluated a prototype quantum radar in the laboratory which operates at microwave frequencies. Because the signal generation process relies on quantum mechanical principles, the system is considered to contain a quantum-enhanced radar transmitter. This transmitter generates a pair of entangled microwave signals and transmits one of them through free space, where the one-way signal is measured using a simple and rudimentary receiver. The type of entanglement used is called two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV), so we may call our radar a quantum two-mode squeezing radar (QTMS radar). At the heart of the transmitter is a device called a Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA), which generates the entangled microwave beams; these are then sent through a chain of amplifiers. One beam passes through 0.5 m of free space; the other is measured directly. The two measurement results are correlated in order to distinguish noise from signal. We compare this quantum-enhanced transmitter to a similar one using only conventional components, and find that there is a significant gain when the two systems broadcast signals at approximately the same power.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132295912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mission Planning Tool for Space Debris Detection and Tracking with the MeerKAT Radar","authors":"Ashiv Dhondea, M. Inggs","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835735","url":null,"abstract":"Sustained human activity in Space has had the unfortunate consequence of creating space debris which accumulate in orbit. The rubble cloud which arose in the LEO regime poses a significant collision risk for spacecraft. Space surveillance is crucial to predict and prevent potential collisions in orbit. Surveillance and tracking are done with radar and telescope systems. A bistatic radar system featuring the MeerKAT radio telescope in South Africa as its receiver network has been proposed to perform space debris detection and tracking. This paper describes the Mission Planning Tool developed to perform sensor scheduling and predicting the performance of the proposed MeerKAT radar in terms of orbit determination accuracy. Numerical simulation results are shown to illustrate the operation of the proposed MeerKAT radar system for space target observation.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130859511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingyang Wang, G. Cui, Huabin Huang, Xuyu Gao, Pengyun Chen, Huquan Li, Haining Yang, L. Kong
{"title":"Through-Wall Human Motion Representation via Autoencoder-Self Organized Mapping Network","authors":"Mingyang Wang, G. Cui, Huabin Huang, Xuyu Gao, Pengyun Chen, Huquan Li, Haining Yang, L. Kong","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835845","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses a problem of human motion representation for through wall radar exploiting an autoencoder-self organized mapping network. Motivated by the natural language processing, we interpret the echoes of the through-wall human motions into a simple integer sequence with motion “semantics” by regarding each range profile as a “word” and treating the multi-temporal-frame hidden human motion range profile data as a “sentence”, simplifying and maintaining the effectiveness of the through-wall human motion representations. Specifically, we firstly use an auto encoder network (AEN) with three dense layers to reduce the dimension and extract the features of each range profile. Then, a self organized mapping (SOM) network is employed to concatenate the trained AEN to establish the word-to-index mapping, transferring the temporal sequential range-profile data of through-wall human motions into an integer sequence which implies the “semantic” information of the motion. Finally, experimental data including four through-wall human motion types validate the proposed framework.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130796892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilias Theodorou, C. Ilioudis, C. Clemente, M. Vasile
{"title":"SISAR Imaging - Radio Holography Signal Reconstruction Based on Receiver-Transmitter Motion","authors":"Ilias Theodorou, C. Ilioudis, C. Clemente, M. Vasile","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2019.8835596","url":null,"abstract":"Radio Holography Signal (RHS) reconstruction is the primary method used for Shadow Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (SISAR) imaging algorithm application. In this paper an alternative way for RHS signal reconstruction is introduced based on the motion of receiver and/or transmitter ends. In particular, a novel model for time domain RHS signal is derived assuming a moving-ends (ME) scenario followed by the RHS reconstruction method. The model and reconstruction method area assessed through simulated data.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126994222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Millimeter wave V2I beam-training using base-station mounted radar","authors":"Anum Ali, N. González-Prelcic, Amitava Ghosh","doi":"10.1109/radar.2019.8835615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/radar.2019.8835615","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the beam-training overhead is a major challenge in realizing millimeter wave (mmWave) V2I communication systems. In this work, we use location of the vehicle to reduce the beam-training overhead of line-of-sight V2I links. Specifically, we consider a base-station (BS) supporting an analog mmWave communication system and an off-the-shelf automotive radar. Using Crámer-Rao lower bound on the DoA estimation error of a radar, we establish that an off-the-shelf radar has better localization than global navigation satellite system (GNSS). The spectral efficiency results show that beam-training based on radar based localization is robust to vehicle speeds.","PeriodicalId":360366,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123616427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}