2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)最新文献

{"title":"Finite element analysis of MHD mixed convection heat transfer enhancement of a heat-generating block in a double lid-driven enclosure filled with air at different vertical location","authors":"M. Billah, M. Rahman, M. Uddin, M. Shahabuddin","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041443","url":null,"abstract":"The present numerical study is conducted to investigate MHD mixed convection flow and heat transfer characteristics in a double-lid driven cavity with a heat-generating solid square block. The cavity horizontal walls are adiabatic while both the vertical lids are maintained at a uniform temperature Tc and velocity V0. The present study simulates a reasonable system such as air-cooled electronic equipment with a heat component or an oven with heater. Emphasis is sited on the influences of the position of the block in the cavity. The transport governing equations are solved employing the finite element formulation based on the Galerkin method of weighted residuals. The computation is carried out for a wide range of relevant parameters such as location of the block and Richardson number. Results are presented for the effect of aforesaid parameters on the contours of streamline and isotherm. Besides, the heat transfer rate in terms of the average Nusselt number and temperature of the fluid and block center are offered for the mentioned parametric values. The obtained results demonstrate that the flow and thermal field are strongly influenced by the abovementioned parameters.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126172538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of waste thermal energy from banana peels using decomposition process for heat generation","authors":"M. I. Jobli, Diana Kertini binti Monir, Khoo Kian Peng","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041452","url":null,"abstract":"Decomposition of biomass due to bacterial activity results in the release of energy and warming of the mass. Therefore, the heat produced from the decomposition can be exploited effectively through a construction of a heat exchanger system. The working principle for this system is similar to that of ground source heat pumps. However, the system uses heat released from decaying biomass instead of geothermal heat from the ground. The main objective of this experimental work is to evaluate the potential of designing a heat pump system utilising the heat recovered from banana peels as a source of energy.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129621518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and environmental emissions analysis in Indonesian electricity expansion planning: Low-rank coal and geothermal energy utilization scenarios","authors":"Y. Tanoto, M. Wijaya","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041459","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines utilization of low-rank coal and geothermal energy resources in the long-term Indonesian electricity expansion planning in high populated islands Java, Madura, and Bali up to 2027. The long-term electricity expansion of these areas meets several problems such as supply security, financial limitation, and environmental issues. Therefore, the modeling of long-term geothermal and low-rank coal utilization is examined in terms of expansion cost as well as the environmental impacts. In 2027, the required capacity to fulfill future demand is estimated 133 GW. Under the coal scenarios, the domination of coal becomes bigger with 75.4 GW or 57% of total electricity generation mix. However, under the geothermal scenarios, the installed power plant form geothermal sources increase to be 7 GW and coal utilization decreases to be only 67.6 GW or 51% of total electricity generation share. In the economic perspective, more geothermal power plant need to be developed in order to reduce to coal utilization in power generation. In the end of planning horizon, the coal scenario emits as much as 487 million tons of CO2 equivalents, while the geothermal scenario successes to reduce emissions by 43.3 million tons from the coal scenario's emissions.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126282508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling, analysis and control of various types of transformerless grid connected PV inverters","authors":"Freddy Tan Kheng Suan, N. Rahim, W. Hew","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041435","url":null,"abstract":"Small, light, low cost and high efficiency grid connected photovoltaic (PV) systems can be achieved when the transformer is omitted from the inverter. However, dangerous leakage current will flow between PV array and the grid due to the stray capacitance. The leakage current increases conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference, total harmonic distortion (THD) and losses. Moreover, injection of direct current (DC) to the grid will saturate the distribution transformer along the grid. To solve these issues, different conversion topologies have been proposed. This paper is to model several transformerless grid-connected PV inverter topologies. The operation and common mode performance of these topologies are compared and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123054859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deadbeat-based PI controller for stand-alone single-phase voltage source inverter using battery cell as primary sources","authors":"Tiang Tow Leong, D. Ishak","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041442","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a deadbeat-based proportional-integral (PI) controller for stand-alone single-phase voltage source inverter using battery cell as primary energy sources. The system consists of the lead acid battery, third order Butterworth low pass DC filter and AC filter, H-bridge inverter, step-up transformer, and also a variety of loads as well as its sinusoidal pulse-width-modulation (SPWM) deadbeat-based PI controller. In this paper, two simulation case studies have been carried out which are the abrupt load changes from 400W resistive load to 500W resistive load and also from 400W resistive load to inductive load of 500W 0.85 power factor lagging. From the simulation results for both cases, the state-of-charge (SOC) battery is decreasing to supply power to the different type of loads, yet the battery voltage remains constant at about 36V and also the battery current exhibits smooth ripple despite current spikes produced by the H-bridge inverter so as to prolong the lifespan of the battery. It shows that the DC filter performs satisfactorily to isolate the current spikes generated by the SPWM controller and H-bridge inverter. Besides that, even though the load varies for both cases, the sinusoidal inverter output voltage can be tracked and maintained at 230Vrms with 50Hz frequency within few cycles from the instant the load changes as well as low THDv content of 1.53% and 2.78% respectively. This indicates that the controller proves its robustness and stiffness characteristic in maintaining the output load voltage at desired value to supply the power for variety of loads with minimum THDv.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122674104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exergy analysis of a cogeneration heat and power (CHP) system (first and second law analysis)","authors":"A. G. Kaviri, M. Jafar, M. L. Tholudin, H. B. Avval","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041454","url":null,"abstract":"The present study deals with an Analysis of power generation systems are of scientific interest and also essential for the efficient utilization of energy resources. The most commonly-used method for analysis of an energy-conversion process is the first law of thermodynamics. Therefore, the effect of key parameters on the out put power and efficiency are so important. In this paper, the effects of key parameters in both firs law and second law of thermodynamics point of view have performed. It was intended to determine unfavorable points from exergy destruction concept using exergy analysis for steam power plants cycle. Also, variation in efficiency and exergy destruction is evaluated using variations of temperature of high pressure steam, temperature of reheat, and condenser pressure. The study of the effect of feed-water heaters shows that increase in number of heaters up to 3 causes increase in both first and second low efficiency, but further increase has the reverse effect. The results show that boiler has the greatest exergy destruction among the power plant components.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128882511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-chemical properties of palm oil fuel ash as composite sorbent in kaolin clay landfill liner system","authors":"Oyeleke Raifu Brown, M. Yusof, M. Salim, Kamaruddin Ahmed","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041495","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the physico-chemical properties of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) a biomass residue, while justifying its use as composite sorbent when admixed with kaolin clay, for the purpose of designing composite sanitary landfill liner. Laboratory analysis conducted centered on properties of sundried raw POFA passing through 150µ, 75µ, 38µ test sieves, and of the fine ground ash to 27µ , after mechanical homogenization of retained ashes. Physical analysis conducted includes particle size distribution and density tests for blended ash. Chemical tests include Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX), for elemental compositions, with particular interest in exchangeable metal cations and background concentration of selected toxic heavy metals. Tests also include X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), for bulk chemical components, specific surface area(SSA), from Particle size analyzer (PSA), scanned electron microscope(SEM), for morphological structure of retained and ground ash samples, mass loss on ignition (LOI), at 440 ± 25 °C, for a period of 4 h. Primary factors affecting variable charge ions at edges of kaolin clay is pH, thus, was also determined as hydrogen ion concentration in POFA-aqueous environment. Material sourcing and pretreatment technology were reported. Silica oxide (SiO2), present in ground ash via XRF was found to be 53.20%, while summation of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 present was 69.80%. Inherited calcium oxide (CaO-lime) was 9.73%. Exchangeable cations present are Na2+, K2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. Structural and appearance analysis shows that ground POFA was amorphous. From these properties inferences were drawn on expected chemical reactions from POFA, and when both materials are blended for the design of composite sanitary landfill liner. This novel material is hoped to provide a more efficient trapping mechanism of toxic heavy metals ions in leachate, when compared with single liner material from kaolin clay. Conclusively, POFA a bio-sorbent could be suitably used as composite sorbent for improvement of kaolin clay designed as component of engineered sanitary landfill liner.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128713868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upgrading of biomass by torrefaction and densification process","authors":"Weerapong Wattananoi, Onarin Khumsak, Nakorn Worasuwannarak","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041465","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass is an important source of renewable energy. Due to the lower contents of sulfur and nitrogen in the biomass, its energy utilization also emits less environmental pollution and health risk than fossil fuel. However, biomass utilization as a solid fuel still has many drawbacks from its undesirable properties. Torrefaction is a pre- treatment technique to increase the calorific value and the grindability. It is operated at temperatures below 300 °C in an inert atmosphere under atmospheric pressure. Densification is also another pre-treatment technique aimed to increase the density of biomass. In this study, the effects of torrefaction and densification process on the properties and combustion behaviors of biomass have been investigated. Eucalyptus was torrefied at 225, 250 and 275°C in a fixed bed reactor. Then, the torrefied eucalyptus was densified with a pellet mill. It was found that the yields of the torrefied biomass were decreased while the heating values of the torrefied biomass were increased with increasing the torrefaction temperatures. The heating value of eucalyptus, for example, increased up to 21.8 % when torrefy at 275°C. It was also found that the volumetric energy density of the torrefied pellet was increased as high as 399.3 % when comparing to that of the raw biomass.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130268382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness enchancement of heat exchanger by using nanofluids","authors":"M. Hasanuzzaman, R. Saidur, N. Rahim","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041444","url":null,"abstract":"Heat exchanger is the almost common equipment for the industrial process heating. Heat is transferred from one fluid to other fluids by convection and conduction through the wall of the heat exchanger. Effectiveness of heat exchanger depends on the convection heat transfer coefficient of the fluid. Convective heat transfer coefficient of water, Cu-water, Al-water, Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-water and TiO<inf>2</inf>-water of 2% nanoparticle concentration has been calculated for counter flow heat exchanger. It is found that convective heat transfer coefficient of Cu-water, Al-water, Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-water and TiO<inf>2</inf>-water nanofluids are 81%, 63%, 66% and 64% higher compared to pure water respectively. It is found that overall heat transfer coefficient of Cu-water, Al-water, Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-water and TiO<inf>2</inf>-water nanofluids are 23%, 20%, 21% and 20% higher compared to pure water respectively.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"21 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120891668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy performance: A comparison of four different multi-residential building designs and forms in the equatorial region","authors":"A. Jamaludin, Nila Inangda, A. Ariffin, Hazreena Hussein","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041492","url":null,"abstract":"Building sector has been identified as a major energy consumer with nearly half of the world's energy used is associated with providing environmental conditioning in buildings. Approximately, two third of this is for heating, cooling and mechanical ventilation. Therefore, there is a need for optimizing the building design which collaborates with surrounding environment in enhances the energy conservation programme. Energy consumption evaluation and audits for buildings is the most important step that can contribute to energy conservation. As preliminary studies to this research, four low-rise residential college buildings with specific layout were selected in finding the relationship between green/passive building strategies and energy performance. The study initial approach was to critically analyse the design of the selected buildings through scaled drawings and site visits. Comparison of the two were carefully made to obtain current and post renovation conditions and surroundings as most of the drawings were drawn 30 to 40 years back. The elements of bioclimatic design were implemented as matrixes or criteria, particularly on natural ventilation and day lighting. Then, the energy performance was crucially audited to find out Building Energy Performance (BEP) acknowledged as energy use per unit floor area, and Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) to elaborate the kWh/m2/year of each residential college for five years duration. As initial findings, the implementations of appropriate green building strategies is able to provide positive impacts to the overall energy performance of the residential colleges.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126936018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}