2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)最新文献_第2页

Bio-oil production from the torrefied biomass 从碳化生物质中生产生物油

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041438

Onarin Khumsak, Weerapong Wattananoi, Nakorn Worasuwannarak

{"title":"Bio-oil production from the torrefied biomass","authors":"Onarin Khumsak, Weerapong Wattananoi, Nakorn Worasuwannarak","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041438","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass is an important source of renewable energy which is derived from the living mechanism such as photosynthesis of plant due to the lower contents of sulfur and nitrogen in the biomass. Pyrolysis is a technology that can directly produce a liquid fuel from biomass which can be readily stored or transported. However, many researches have reported the negative properties of the bio-oils compare with the conventional fuel oil. The undesirable properties of the bio-oils included low heating value, low pH value, incompatibility with conventional fuels, high viscosity, and chemical instability. These undesirable properties of the bio-oils are mainly brought about by the high oxygen content in the biomass. On the other hand, it is known that the oxygen content in the biomass could be reduced by the torrefaction at the temperatures below 300°C. So, in this study we try to upgrade the biomass first by torrefaction at the temperatures below 300°C. It was found that the oxygen content of Leucaena leucocephala decreased from 46.2 wt% to 36.7 wt% when torrefy at 303°C whereas the torrefied lecaena yields decreased with the increase in torrefaction temperature. Then, the torrefied leucaena will be pyrolysed at 550°C to produce bio-oils. The bio-ols were fractionated into light oil and heavy oil fractions which were analyzed by GC-MS to examine the effect of fraction on the bio-oils properties. It was found that the acetic acid and furans were decreased in light oil fraction with the increase in torrefaction temperature. The pH value of bio-oils was slightly increased that was consistent with decreasing of acetic acid in light oil fraction. These results indicated that torrefaction process could improve bio-oils properties prior pyrolysis process.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114571764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Pyrolysis behaviors of woody biomass torrefied at temperatures below 300°C 木质生物质在低于300°C温度下的热解行为

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041498

Nakorn Worasuwannarak, J. Wannapeera, B. Fungtammasan

{"title":"Pyrolysis behaviors of woody biomass torrefied at temperatures below 300°C","authors":"Nakorn Worasuwannarak, J. Wannapeera, B. Fungtammasan","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041498","url":null,"abstract":"Torrefaction is the thermal treatment techniques performed at relatively low temperature (< 300 °C) in an inert atmosphere, which aims to improve the fuel energy density and the fuel grindability. In this study, woody biomass (Leucaena leucocephala) was torrefied at various temperatures and holding times and the pyrolysis behaviors of the torrefied wood was examined in detail by using TG-MS technique. It was found that the carbon content and the calorific value of the torrefied leucaena increased significantly when increase the temperature and holding time during the torrefaction. From the TG-MS analysis, the pyrolysis behaviors of the torrefied leucaena were significantly different from that of the raw leucaena. The char yield at 800 °C for the torrefied leucaena was increased when increasing the holding time during the torrefaction. On the other hand, the tar yield during the pyrolysis decreased significantly with the increase in the holding time during the torrefaction. Through the results from the TG-MS analysis, it was concluded that the structure of leucaena was changed by the torrefaction at temperature below 275 oC and the cross-linking reactions occurred during the pyrolysis resulting in increase in char yields and decrease in tar yields. It was also suggested that the longer the holding time during the torrefaction, the more the cross-linking reactions proceed during the pyrolysis. The results obtained from the study provide the basic information for the pyrolyser and/or gasifier design by using torrefied biomass as a fuel.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115000018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Development of energy conservation programs for residential and small commercial buildings in Thailand 泰国住宅和小型商业建筑节能项目的开发

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041445

J. Kidhen, S. Chirarattananon, P. Chaiwiwatworakul

引用次数: 4

Investigation on natural waste fibers from dried paddy straw as a sustainable acoustic absorber 稻秆天然废纤维可持续吸声材料的研究

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041482

Yasseer Abdullah, A. Putra, H. Effendy, W. M. Farid, M. R. Ayob

引用次数: 20

National energy policy; a least cost option 国家能源政策;成本最低的选择

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041457

N. A. Utama, N. Chayawatto, K. Ishihara, T. Tezuka

{"title":"National energy policy; a least cost option","authors":"N. A. Utama, N. Chayawatto, K. Ishihara, T. Tezuka","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041457","url":null,"abstract":"The recent Fukushima daiichi Nuclear power plant (NPP) accident caused by Tsunami has changed the shape of the world towards the safety of nuclear power generation. The view on NPP has changed literally not because of the accident itself, but more to the perspective of the global society to the advance technology and high integrated and discipline country which unfortunately is not enough to secure the NPP from natural disaster. The latest draft of the National Energy Policy (NEP) from the National Energy Council (DEN) of Indonesia, which will be discussed in the Commission VII of the house representatives, revealed a target of electricity consumption of between 710 to 910 TWh in 2030 and around 2,100 to 2,710 TWh in 2050. However, due to the low capacity of the currently available power plants (30.5 GW) the state owned electricity company (PLN) needs to boost its capacity to up to 450 GW by 2050, i.e. the capacity needs to go up by a factor of 15. For achieving the 2050 target PLN needs to invest in the range of 27.3bn US$ for an all natural gas power plant scenario (NG) up to 1.47tn US$ for a solar cell scenario by 2050 (without considering fuel cost, operational and maintenance as well as other costs). The Optimum energy mix involves a 30% share of renewable energy (RE) and new energy (NE) and 70% fossil based fuel in 2030. However these optimum electricity mixes do not include the objective estimation of the optimum cost (minimum cost) as well as how to minimize CO2 emissions. Considering the huge increase in capacity that will be required in the future to meet these targets, the optimum function in terms of the economics of the system should be analyzed in order to minimize the costs. This paper will analyze the possible optimum cost (minimum cost) for the Indonesian electricity power generations mix in 2030 and 2050 and compare it to current NEP draft which will be used as a reference scenario.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129756061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance of commercial and modified activated carbons for hydrogen sulfide removal from simulated biogas 商用活性炭和改性活性炭去除模拟沼气中硫化氢的性能

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041474

Russamee Sitthikhankaew, Somrudee Predapitakkun, R. Kiattikomol, Sudhibhumi Pumhiran, S. Assabumrungrat, N. Laosiripojana

{"title":"Performance of commercial and modified activated carbons for hydrogen sulfide removal from simulated biogas","authors":"Russamee Sitthikhankaew, Somrudee Predapitakkun, R. Kiattikomol, Sudhibhumi Pumhiran, S. Assabumrungrat, N. Laosiripojana","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041474","url":null,"abstract":"In Thailand, biogas is one of a renewable energy that can be utilized for fuel and electricity generator. It contains methane (CH<inf>4</inf>), carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2</inf>), nitrogen (N<inf>2</inf>), Oxygen (O<inf>2</inf>) and a contaminant; hydrogen sulfide (H<inf>2</inf>S). H<inf>2</inf>S is toxicity and high corrosion for engine. H<inf>2</inf>S can be removed from biogas by adsorption over activated carbon, which can be produced from agricultural waste in Thailand. The purpose of this work is to test performance of commercial and modified activated carbons on H<inf>2</inf>S removal from simulated biogas at 30 °C. Activated carbons were modified by steam activation, potassium hydroxide (KOH) impregnation and the combination of steam activation and KOH impregnation (S_KOH). Simulated biogas contain 3000 ppmv H<inf>2</inf>S, 40% CO<inf>2</inf>, 2% O<inf>2</inf> and 70% humidity. It was found that modified activated carbons have adsorption capacity significantly higher than commercial activated carbon (in the range of 2–6 times higher depending on modification method). In detail, 1 gram of S_KOH can adsorb 84.75 mg of H<inf>2</inf>S. Furthermore, S_KOH removed H<inf>2</inf>S from 3000 ppmv into 0 ppmv for 100 minutes. It can be concluded that modified activated carbons are highly applicable for H<inf>2</inf>S removal in biogas at room temperature. Therefore, purified biogas is safe for using in household and industry.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"T151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125648067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Study of renewable energy potential in Malaysia 马来西亚可再生能源潜力研究

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041458

A. Azman, A. A. Rahman, N. A. Bakar, F. Hanaffi, A. Khamis

引用次数: 38

Heating characteristics of biomass and carbonaceous materials under microwave radiation 微波辐射下生物质和碳质材料的加热特性

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041439

A. A. Salema, F. N. Ani

引用次数: 12

Revolving doors producing green energy 产生绿色能源的旋转门

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041478

M. Murthy, Y. Patil, S. Sharma, B. Polem, S. Kolte, N. Doji

引用次数: 13

Solar energy policy: Malaysia vs developed countries 太阳能政策:马来西亚vs发达国家

2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET) Pub Date : 2011-06-27 DOI: 10.1109/CET.2011.6041512

H. Fayaz, N. Rahim, R. Saidur, K. H. Solangi, H. Niaz, M. S. Hossain

{"title":"Solar energy policy: Malaysia vs developed countries","authors":"H. Fayaz, N. Rahim, R. Saidur, K. H. Solangi, H. Niaz, M. S. Hossain","doi":"10.1109/CET.2011.6041512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CET.2011.6041512","url":null,"abstract":"Countries all over the world is enquiring and taking efforts to implement the environment friendly renewable energy to mitigate the negative impacts of fossil fuels on the environment and their fast depletion. To reduce the reliance on fossil fuels and environmental degradation, many countries have focused and formulated solar energy related policies to increase its share into energy mix. In this paper a review of the solar energy policies, implemented in the developed countries and Malaysia, are discussed as well as the discussion of successful existing solar energy policies in the developed countries. According to the 2010 BP Statistical Energy Survey, the world cumulative installed solar energy capacity was 22928.9 MW in 2009, a change of 46.9 % compared to 2008. After the review of literature, FiT, RPS and Incentives are found to be the most beneficial energy policies implemented by the developed countries. These policies create the paths to promote the development and implementation of renewable energy technologies. Also, the current policies related to solar energy in Malaysia are investigated and compared with developed countries.","PeriodicalId":360345,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CET)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121322748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30