中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250403-00049

J L Liu, L Y Wei

引用次数: 0

[Examining the origin and evolution of 'Jiao Chang']. [考察“焦场”的起源和演变]。

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250423-00054

H M Wei, M Hong

{"title":"[Examining the origin and evolution of 'Jiao Chang'].","authors":"H M Wei, M Hong","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250423-00054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250423-00054","url":null,"abstract":"Jiao Chang was a disease, recorded in both ancient and contemporary medical literature. However, its conceptual understanding remained inconsistent and even fallacious. This paper systematically examines the origin and evolution of Jiao Chang in terms of connotation by drawing on methodologies from philology, historiography and conceptual history. The concept of Jiao Chang originated from the linguistic descriptions of its physical symptom \"hemorrhoids connecting with the Qian Yin (perineum region anterior to acupoint Hui Yin or urogenital triangle)\", and the symptom \"urinating with feaces or blood\". The disease with these symptoms was first named Jiao Chang in the Yuan Dynasty, and was described as \"urinating with fecal discharge\". The main characteristics of this disease was \"translocation of discharging urine and feaces\", in particular, postpartum in the Ming Dynasty. The cause of the disease was attributed to \"intestinal perforation and bladder rupture\" in the Qing Dynasty. The disease was associated with rectourethral or rectovesical fistula in Western medicine at the end of the Qing Dynasty. The disease was explored in integrated medicine in terms of naming, symptoms, pathology and treatment in the Republic of China times. Currently, this disease is predominantly classified as a posnatal disease, relating to multiple biomedical nosology. Jiao Chang, according to historical research, refers to \"a disease mainly characterised by feaces discharge through the urethra or vagina, and urine discharge from the anus\". It relates to simple or complex fistula formed between or among the urinary, reproductive and digestive tracts, such as rectovaginal fistula, rectourethral fistula, rectovesical fistula and recto-vesico-vaginal fistula in Western medicine.","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"55 5","pages":"271-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Persian Qing Dai: A Bibliographical Study]. [波斯清代：书目研究]。

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250306-00031

D M Yu

{"title":"[Persian Qing Dai: A Bibliographical Study].","authors":"D M Yu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250306-00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250306-00031","url":null,"abstract":"The term \"Persian Qīng Dài\", first appeared in the Tang Dynasty, was used mainly for textiles-dyeing, eyebrows-darkening and hair-dyeing. It was also used as medicine orally taken for clearing heat, removing toxins, cooling blood and hemostasis. However, its botanical origin and its differences from native Qīng Dài have been debated for ages. This paper collated historical literature with ancient methods reduction and clarified the original plant, provenance and manufacturing process of Persian Qīng Dài. It was found that Persian Qīng Dài was, in fact, foreign indigo \"flowers\" derived from Indigofera tinctoria L. (wood-indigo), rather than from mactra clam powder or other sources. Indigofera tinctoria possesses distinct advantages as an indigo-yielding species; the indigo produced was superior to that obtained from the Chinese native plants Baphicacanthus cusia, Polygonum tinctorium and Isatis indigotica. Historical Persian Qīng Dài was probably introduced from India, where traditional indigo manufacture relied on Indigofera tinctoria and employed steeping and oxidation with little lime. It is recommended that Indigofera tinctoria be reinstated as a legitimate botanical source of Qīng Dài in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, and that Chinese production be improved by adopting the Indian steeping-oxidation process.","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"55 5","pages":"277-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

['Dou Bi' () and 'Xiao Shi' () -- the thinking and methods in medical cases related terms]. 【“斗比”（）与“小实”（）——医学案例相关术语的思维与方法】

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20241217-00177

Z Y Li, K H Yuan

{"title":"['Dou Bi' () and 'Xiao Shi' () -- the thinking and methods in medical cases related terms].","authors":"Z Y Li, K H Yuan","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20241217-00177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20241217-00177","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared the annotation differences among various editions of the textbook Classical Literature of Traditional Chinese Medicine based on the medical texts handed down from ancient times, unearthed medical bamboo slips, Guang Yun (a historical Chinese rime dictionary), integrating modern chemical knowledge and synthesizing previous scholar ideas. The paper examined the semantic evolution of the character Dou () in the term Dòu Bǐ () in the Biography of Cang Gong with glyph analysis. It further explored the phonetic and graphic interrelationships among the variants Dòu Bī (), Dòu Bǐ (), and Dòu Bī (), supplementing relevant textual evidence. This study also discussed the medical case of \"postpartum illness\" in the Biography of Cang Gong and clarified its specific meaning. It was found that Xiāo Shí () should be identified as 'saltpeter', primarily composed of potassium nitrate according to contemporary chemistry. The paper argues that the term Dòu Bǐ () was used to describe the remarkable efficacy of Xiāo Shí () in promoting blood circulation and resolving stasis, specifically highlighting the small and minimal size of the expelled blood clots. Consequently, it confirms that Dòu Bǐ () should be read as liaison and interpreted as \"bean-sized particles\". Additionally, it highlights the significance of specialized textual genres and specific disciplinary contexts in the etymological and interpretive study of terms.","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"55 5","pages":"259-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Examining the medical book catalog of Ding Fubao]. [查阅丁福宝医学图书目录]。

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240918-00129

J G Wei, Z Y Chang

引用次数: 0

[Wu Lien-Teh and reports of the Second Plague in the Northeast in YuanDong Bao and Bingjiang ShiBao]. [吴连德与《远东报》、《冰江时报》对东北第二次鼠疫的报道]。

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20241005-00137

D Y Jin, L L Zhang

引用次数: 0

[The relationships between the compiler and the writers of the prefaces and postscripts in Si Shi Bing Ji]. [《司师兵记》编者与序后记作者的关系]。

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240910-00122

B Li, M Z Hao, W N Zhang, T F Wang

{"title":"[The relationships between the compiler and the writers of the prefaces and postscripts in Si Shi Bing Ji].","authors":"B Li, M Z Hao, W N Zhang, T F Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240910-00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240910-00122","url":null,"abstract":"Shao Dengying in the Qing Dynasty compiled Si Shi Bing Ji, a work on epidemic febrile diseases. This paper examined 16 prefaces and postscripts in the engraved, stone printed and handcopied versions of this book and analysed the relationships between the compiler and the authors of these prefaces and postscripts. Shao Dengying learned Chinese medicine from Xue Xue, an excellent physician on epidemic febrile diseases. He compiled Si Shi Bing Ji based on his clinical experiences on treating epidemic febrile diseases, toxins from epidemic febrile diseases and other relevant illnesses. The Shao' family school had a long history, from Shao Dengying to his son Shao Luzhan, grandson Shao Chunquan, great grandson Shao Bingyang, and great-great grandsons Shao Jingkang and Shao Jingyao, lasting five generations. The descendants of Shao Dengying developed and expanded the family school from generation to generation by inviting many distinguished doctors and experts to write prefaces and postscripts for their family school works. This is a typical model of medicine inheritance, which not only shows their medical inheritance characteristics and academic values, but also indicates the academic and cultural tradition of prefaces and postscripts written by popular figures to support publication and dissemination. This helps to appreciate and promote the content and value of this book from different perspectives.","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"55 4","pages":"215-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The history of leprosy and its countermeasures in Norway]. [挪威麻风病的历史及其对策]。

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240229-00023

B B Xie, D H Zhou, J Q Wang, X D Sang

{"title":"[The history of leprosy and its countermeasures in Norway].","authors":"B B Xie, D H Zhou, J Q Wang, X D Sang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240229-00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240229-00023","url":null,"abstract":"The breakout of leprosy in the history of Norway was influenced by two factors at least. It was partly because Norway was ruled by neighbouring countries for a long time so was underdeveloped, and partly it was a country with temperate marine climate. Leprosy came from Western Europe to Norway during the Viking Age (790-1066 CE) and peaked in the 13th century when Norway was christianised and fully integrated with Europe with its participation in the crusades. At that time, the Christian Church cared for leprosy patients through its affiliated leprosariums. Leprosy nearly disappeared in Norway in the following two to three centuries because of the effects of the Black Death and the Little Ice Age. In the 19th century, Leprosy peaked again. The Norwegian government began its investigation and scientific research in this period, built up modern leprosariums, developed a leprosy registration system, and implemented strict and legal quarantine measures. Leprosy disappeared in Norway in the first half of the 20th century. The history of leprosy in Norway showed its protracted and arduous nature, and the great achievements made by the Norwegian government in terms of constructing modern and scientific systems and the prevention and control practices to counter leprosy. This provides experiences and lessons for epidemiology.","PeriodicalId":35995,"journal":{"name":"中华医史杂志","volume":"55 4","pages":"221-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[An interview with Professor Zheng Jinsheng on Sino-Japanese Academic Exchange]. [中日学术交流访郑金生教授]。

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250205-00018

J Q Zhang

引用次数: 0

[The transformation and practice of public health perception in rural areas in the early years of the People's Republic of China:from tradition to modernity]. [建国初期农村公共卫生观念的转变与实践：从传统到现代]。

中华医史杂志 Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20250102-00001

J Hu

引用次数: 0

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