应用生态学报最新文献

{"title":"Contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and its responses to soil temperature and rainfall in a typical steppe on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China.","authors":"Tong-Yu Wang, Shi-Yan Zhou, Si-Min Zhang, Bo-Yang Yu, Chang-Ming Zhao, Chao Guan","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.014","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological soil crusts (or biocrusts) exert a critical influence on carbon cycling in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. However, the contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and the mechanisms underlying their environmental responses remain unresolved, hindering accurate quantification of soil carbon efflux in drylands. In this study, we conducted continuous in-situ monitoring of respiration rates, soil temperature, soil moisture, and rainfall of mixed biocrust communities (biocrust-covered soils versus biocrust-removed bare soils) on the Loess Plateau to investigate the contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and their responses to those three factors. The results showed that the range of soil respiration rates was 0.07 to 1.66 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 in biocrust-covered soils and was -0.09 to 1.59 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 in biocrust-removed bare soils, with the former being significantly greater than the latter. The respiratory effect of the biocrust layer (calculated as the difference in respiration rate between biocrust-covered soils and biocrust-removed bare soils) ranged from -0.33 to 0.93 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, with its relative contribution to total soil respiration varying from -31% to 213%. Rainfall modulated both the respiratory effect of biocrust layer and its contribution to soil respiration. The average contribution of biocrust to soil respiration was -6% under rainfall-free conditions and was 27% during rainfall periods. The relative contribution of the biocrust layer to soil respiration was significantly positively correlated with soil moisture and rainfall amount, but negatively correlated with soil temperature. Rainfall explained the largest proportion of variance in biocrust contribution, indicating that rainfall was the primary driver of biocrust effects on soil respiration on the Loess Plateau. These findings could provide critical baseline data to support accurate assessments of biocrust effects on soil respiration in the context of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2578-2584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of moss biocrusts on soil water infiltration and water flow characteristics in subtropical degraded red soil region.","authors":"Hai-Lin Zhang, Yu-Xin Wang, Sheng-Long Li, Jun Yi, Yuan-Hang Fei, Rui-Si Guo, Qin Liao","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.016","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.016","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Soil erosion is severe in the red soil hilly region of southern China, where biocrusts widely develop on the surface of degraded and exposed soil, playing a critical role in regional eco-hydrological processes. From July to October 2024, we conducted an experiment with uncrusted degraded red soil and typical moss-crusted degraded red soil at the Ecological Experiment Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in Yujiang District, Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province. To elucidate the differences of soil water movement characteristics between biocrusts and uncrusted soil in degraded red soil regions, we investigated the infiltration processes and water flow types of uncrusted soil and biocrusts (moss crusts) through double-ring infiltration and in-situ dye-tracing experiments. The results showed that moss crusts significantly altered the physicochemical properties of the 0-10 cm depth of soil. Specifically, soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity of moss crusts was significantly reduced by 9.1% and 176.5%, while organic matter content, clay content, silt content, and surface roughness were 58.2%, 35.3%, 45.0%, and 201.7% higher than that of uncrusted soil, respectively. Compared to uncrusted soil, moss crusts greatly diminished soil infiltration, with initial infiltration rate, steady-state infiltration rate, average infiltration rate, and cumulative infiltration being reduced by 11.8%, 53.3%, 50.0%, and 50.9%, respectively. Moss crusts suppressed infiltration, resulting in a 29.7% reduction in the 0-10 cm stained area ratio and a 57.9% decrease in the stained path width &lt;100 mm in comparison to uncrusted soil. Furthermore, the stained path number of moss crusts was 1.5 times of uncrusted soil. Moreover, the horizontal stained images also revealed that moss-crusted soil exhibited a higher number of water flow paths and a larger equivalent width compared to the uncrusted soil at 0-10 cm depth. The water flow pattern of moss crusts was predominantly exhibited heterogeneous finger flow (concentra-ted at 0-1 cm depth of soil) and highly interacted macropore flow, and without any homogeneous flow. Uncrusted soil exhibited predominantly homogeneous flow in the 0-3 cm depth, heterogeneous finger flow in the 3-8 cm, and highly interacted macropore flow below 8 cm. Results of Mantel test and structural equation modeling revealed that infiltration rate exhibited significant correlations with stained area ratio, surface type, and organic matter content. Especially, surface type (uncrusted soil and moss-crusted soil) exerted a direct and significant effect on soil infiltration and also indirectly influenced stained area ratio and soil infiltration by modifying other soil properties. In conclusion, moss crusts that developed on degraded and exposed red soil surfaces in subtropical regions could significantly alter the basic physicochemical properties and hydraulic parameters of surface soils. It markedly reduced the infiltration rate, sup","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2605-2617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of \"Grain for Green\" on bacterial community diversity and composition in deep soil layer on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China.","authors":"Dong-Yu Shi, Jia-Jian Deng, Tian-Yi Qiu, Yuan-Hao Zhang, Zhi-Yuan Xu, Zhen-Hong Hu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.015","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.015","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The \"Grain for Green\" program, a key measure for soil and water conservation and ecological restoration on the Loess Plateau, profoundly affects soil ecological processes. However, existing research mostly focuses on topsoil. How returning farmland to forest regulates bacterial communities in deep soil and the response mechanisms remain unclear. Taking &lt;i&gt;Robinia pseudoacacia&lt;/i&gt; plantation (25 a) after returning farmland to forest and cropland with similar fallow periods in a typical arid area of the Loess Plateau as research subjects, with the topsoil layer (0-20 cm) as the reference, we analyzed bacterial diversity, community composition, and their relationship with soil physicochemical factors in deep soil layer (160-200 cm). The results showed that, in the topsoil, the total carbon content of &lt;i&gt;R. pseudoacacia&lt;/i&gt; plantation was significantly 7.4% higher than that of cropland, while the available phosphorus content was 80.5% lower. In the deep soil, the total carbon content of &lt;i&gt;R. pseudoacacia&lt;/i&gt; plantation was significantly 17.6% higher than that of cropland, and total phosphorus content and soil water content were significantly reduced by 15.6% and 63.5%, respectively. For the inter-layer comparison, total nitrogen content and water content in the deep soil of &lt;i&gt;R. pseudoacacia&lt;/i&gt; plantation were significantly lower than those in the topsoil, while soil pH value increased significantly. For cropland, total carbon and total nitrogen contents in the deep soil were significantly lower than those in the topsoil, and pH value also increased significantly. Bacterial α diversity indexes (Chao1 index and phylogenetic diversity index) were significantly higher in topsoil than in deep soil. Moreover, the indices of α diversity in the both soil layers of the &lt;i&gt;R. pseudoacacia&lt;/i&gt; plantation were significantly lower than those of cropland. The interaction between land use type and soil layer significantly affected bacterial community composition, together explaining 48.3% of the community variation. The abundance of oligotrophic bacterial groups such as Chloroflexi and Actinomycetes in the deep soil of &lt;i&gt;R. pseudoacacia&lt;/i&gt; plantations increased by 19.7% and 65.0% respectively compared to cropland, while the abundance of copiotrophic bacterial groups such as Proteobacteria decreased by 26.9%. The response of bacterial community to environmental factors exhibited significant vertical differentiation. The topsoil community was regulated by nitrogen, phosphorus, and water availability, while the deep soil community was mainly driven by soil carbon storage and water content. Compared with croplands, &lt;i&gt;R. pseudoacacia&lt;/i&gt; plantations had higher bacterial network complexity and stability, with significant differences between topsoil and deep soil. In summary, returning farmland to forest altered soil physical and chemical properties, and reshaped the composition and vertical distribution of soil bacterial communities, promoting a shift toward","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2627-2636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of combined application of soil amendments on soil salinity, pH, yield and quality of watermelon in saline-alkali soil.","authors":"Zhi-Yi Tang, Xin Chen, Xi-Na Wang, Jun-Cang Tian, Jun-Li Tan","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.011","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined the effects of different combined soil amendments on the quality of saline-alkali soil and on the growth, yield, and quality of watermelon in a field experiment. There were four treatments, including 75 kg·hm^-2 sulfur fertilizer+600 kg·hm^-2 bio-organic fertilizer (T₁), 75 kg·hm^-2 sulfur fertilizer+300 kg·hm^-2 soil conditioner (T₂), 600 kg·hm^-2 bio-organic fertilizer+300 kg·hm^-2 soil conditioner (T₃), and 75 kg·hm^-2 sulfur fertilizer+600 kg·hm^-2 bio-organic fertilizer+300 kg·hm^-2 soil conditioner (T₄), with no amendment application as the control (CK). We analyzed the effects of different treatments on soil pH, soil salt content in the 0-100 cm soil profile, as well as photosynthetic characteristics, growth, yield, and fruit quality of watermelon. The results showed that all amendment treatments reduced soil pH and salt content to different extents. The decrease in soil pH was mainly concentrated in the 0-60 cm soil layer. The treatments of T₃ and T₄ showed more obvious effects on reducing soil pH in the 20-40 cm soil layer. The T₂ treatment had a more prominent effect on reducing soil salt content, with a reduction of 13.8% and 29.5% in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers, respectively. The T₂ and T₃ treatments significantly increased net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of watermelon. The T₂ treatment mainly promoted leaf area expansion and main vine elongation. The T₃ treatment mainly promoted main vine elongation and stem thickening. The T₁, T₂, T₃, and T₄ treatments increased watermelon yield by 8.9%, 12.4%, 12.3%, and 11.0%, respectively. The T₃ treatment significantly increased fruit hardness, while the T₂ and T₄ treatments significantly increased soluble solids, vitamin C content, and sugar-acid ratio. Based on the multi-criteria decision-making model, the comprehensive ranking of different treatments on watermelon was T₂>T₃>T₄>T₁>CK. Overall, the combined application of 75 kg·hm^-2 sulfur fertilizer and 300 kg·hm^-2 soil conditioner was the optimal treatment for improving saline-alkali soil, promoting watermelon growth, increasing yield and improving fruit quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2665-2674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil extracellular enzyme activities and stoichiometric characteristics in a warm-temperate-subtropical mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest under nitrogen addition and drought conditions.","authors":"Yu-Die Lin, Zhi-Jie Chen, Shi-Zhe Wang, Min-Hui Xu, Zi-Yi Jiang, Xiu-Zhen Shi, Lei Su, Jian-Qing Wang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.048","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We focused on soils from coniferous-broadleaf mixed forests in the transition zone between warm tempe-rate and subtropical climates. Based on a 9-year field manipulative experiment with factorial treatments of nitrogen addition (50 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1) and drought (50% precipitation reduction). Soil extracellular enzyme activities involved in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling and their stoichiometric characteristics were determined. Results showed that nitrogen addition significantly increased the activity of soil β-glucosidase (βG), soil enzyme stoichiometric carbon-nitrogen ratio (<i>E</i>_C:N) and soil enzyme stoichiometric carbon-phosphorus ratio (<i>E</i>_C:P) by 113.1%, 158.5%, and 126.8%, respectively. Drought significantly reduced the activity of soil acid phosphatase (AP) by 69.3%, while <i>E</i>_C:N and <i>E</i>_C:P increased significantly by 125.9% and 133.0%. Nitrogen addition combined with drought treatment significantly increased soil βG activity and <i>E</i>_C:P by 106.5% and 129.8%, respectively. Additionally, nitrogen addition combined with drought treatment significantly increased soil AP and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) activities, whereas drought attenuated the positive effects of nitrogen addition on soil βG, <i>E</i>_C:N, and <i>E</i>_C:P. Soil cellulose hydrolase (CBH) activity was significantly positively correlated with soil water content. Soil βG activity was significantly positively correlated with dissolved organic carbon, nitrate, and ammonium. Soil AP activity was significantly positively correlated with ammonium. Soil NAG activity was significantly positively correlated with dissolved organic carbon and ammonium. In conclusion, nitrogen addition and drought interactively affected soil extracellular enzyme activities and their stoichiometric characteristics in a warm-temperate to subtropical mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest, indicating that drought may alter the influence of nitrogen addition on soil microbial enzymatic strategies for nutrient acquisition.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2491-2498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of urban ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin, China.","authors":"Jun-Cheng Lu, Yue Qiu, Dong-Yan Han, Zhi-Wei Liu, Qiu-Yun Ma","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.032","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Decapterus maruadsi</i> is an important small pelagic fish species in the South China Sea. Effective assessment of stock status and formulation of management recommendations based on the best available science are urgently needed for the conservation and sustainable development of this species. Based on the Bayesian state space modeling framework, we assessed the stocks of <i>D. maruadsi</i> by integrating a surplus production function with fishery production data to establish a baseline assessment scenario. The results showed that the evaluation scheme constructed based on the Fox surplus production function and fishing vessel power exhibited the best fitting effect. The results derived from this scheme indicated that the fishing intensity of <i>D. maruadsi</i> population in the South China Sea initially increased and then decreased from 1990 to 2023, yet it remained at a relatively high level. Overall, the biomass showed a fluctuating downward trend. During the model evaluation period, the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of <i>D. maruadsi</i> was estimated to be 497000 t. The biomass required to maintain MSY and fishing intensity required to maintain MSY were 644000 t and 0.79, respectively. In 2023, the biomass of <i>D. maruadsi</i> population in the South China Sea was 688100 t, which was greater than that required to maintain MSY. The fishing intensity was 0.52, which was lower than that required to maintain MSY. It was determined that <i>D. maruadsi</i> population in the South China Sea did not experience overfishing in 2023 and was at a healthy state. The prediction results showed that fishing at a limit of 120% of the 2023 catch (i.e., 427000 t) would result in an upward trend in biomass over the next decade. The sensitivity analysis results indicated that increasing the prior mean values of the population parameter initial resource consumption rate (<i>P</i>₁₉₉₀) and environmental carrying capacity would lead to an overestimation of biomass and an underestimation of fishing intensity, with <i>P</i>₁₉₉₀ having a more significant impact. In summary, the residual yield model based on Bayesian state space was suitable for the assessment of fishery resources of <i>D. maruadsi</i> in the South China Sea under limited data conditions. It was recommended to set the total allowable catch of <i>D. maruadsi</i> in the South China Sea at 427000 t, conduct continuous monitoring, and regularly update assessment results to improve resource conservation and management effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2803-2812"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal dynamics of gross primary productivity and the underlying mechanism in the Qinling-Daba Mountains.","authors":"Chen-Cheng Liu, Cheng-Cheng Gang, Yu-Qi Miao, De-Xiang Wang, Yang Cao","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.026","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The seasonal variation characteristics of vegetation gross primary productivity (GPP) and its response mechanisms to climatic and vegetation structural factors represent a key scientific issue for assessing regional carbon sink functions. Based on MODIS GPP, leaf area index (LAI), and meteorological data from 2003 to 2020, we comprehensively employed trend analysis, partial correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression to investigate the spatiotemporal variations of GPP in spring, summer, and autumn at the seasonal scale in the Qinling-Daba Mountains. We further explored the synergistic driving mechanisms of vegetation structure and climatic factors. The results showed that, from 2003 to 2020, GPP in spring, summer, and autumn all exhibited significant increasing trends, with the magnitude ranked as summer > spring > autumn, and the proportions of areas with significant increasing trends were 82.9%, 64.1%, and 20.6%, respectively. LAI increased significantly in all the three seasons, with the proportion of increasing areas exceeding 86.9%. In spring, precipitation showed an overall fluctuating upward trend, vapor pressure deficit (VPD) displayed a downward trend, while temperature remained relatively stable. In summer, both precipitation and VPD exhibited overall downward trends, while maximum temperature showed a significant upward trend, indicating a certain warming-drying trend in the climate. In autumn, precipita-tion increased slightly, while temperature and VPD remained relatively stable. Regarding the temporal effects of climatic factors, there were significant seasonal differences. In spring, precipitation was mainly characterized by lag effects, temperature by synchronous effects, and VPD by cumulative effects. In summer, all climatic factors were mainly characterized by synchronous effects. In autumn, precipitation, maximum temperature, and VPD were domi-nated by synchronous effects, while minimum temperature was mainly controlled by cumulative effects. LAI was the primary positive driving factor for the seasonal-scale increase in GPP. Temperature factors predominantly exerted promoting effects. Precipitation showed inhibiting effects in spring and autumn but promoting effects in summer. VPD exhibited inhibiting effects in both spring and summer, but a weak promoting effect in autumn. At the seasonal scale, we revealed the dominant driving mechanism of improved vegetation canopy structure on GPP enhancement in the Qinling-Daba Mountains, providing scientific basis for evaluating the carbon sink function of regional ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2719-2730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological management zoning of the Dongting Lake basin based on coupling coordination between ecosystem service and land use intensity.","authors":"Ning-Jing Zhu, Fan Yang, Hang-Yuan Fan, Kai Shu, Ya-Dong Jiang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.021","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Under the backdrop of rapid urbanization, the imbalance between supply and demand of ecosystem ser-vices has become a major issue affecting watershed ecological security and sustainable development. Exploring the spatial supply-demand pattern of ecological space and zoning-based management and control is of great significance for supporting efficient management of regional ecological risks. Taking the Dongting Lake basin as an example, we employed the InVEST model to quantify the single and comprehensive supply-demand patterns of four typical ecosystem services (soil conservation, carbon sequestration, habitat quality, and water yield) in 2020. We further used the bivariate local spatial autocorrelation model and coupling coordination model to explore the coupling between \"supply-demand state-land use intensity\", and delineated ecological management zones. The results showed that the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Dongting Lake basin exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity in 2020. Natural ecosystems such as forest, grassland, and water body had relatively high supply, and the spatial distribution of the supply-demand relationship was relatively uniform. Construction land and cropland had relatively high demand, with spatial heterogeneity of the supply-demand relationship. The average supply-demand ratio of ecosystem services was 0.06, dominated by the low supply-low demand and low supply-high demand types. The supply-demand ratios of ecosystem services varied significantly among different land use types, with that of construction land being -0.62, showing the most prominent supply deficit, while forest (0.43) and grassland (0.33) exhibiting obvious supply surplus. The coupling coordination degree between the supply-demand ratio of ecosystem services and land use intensity exhibited a spatial pattern of \"high in the periphery and low in the central area\". Based on this, four ecological management zones were delineated, namely ecological supply-demand coordination zone, ecological enhancement guidance zone, ecological risk restoration zone, and urban development control zone. Our results would provide scientific reference for the ecological management of the Dongting Lake basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2731-2740"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal effects of grassland enclosure on root growth and glomalin-mediated carbon sequestration.","authors":"Si-Tao Tao, Zhao-Long Zhu, Bao-Rong Wang, Liang Guo, Shao-Shan An","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.007","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enclosure is one of the key measures for restoring degraded grasslands. The enhancement of carbon sequestration after grassland restoration is directly related to the improvement of regional ecological quality and the achievement of carbon neutrality goals. We conducted an in-situ root growth experiment lasting for four years (6, 12, 24, and 48 months) using the internal growth core method across natural grassland and grasslands with different closure durations (5, 10, 25, and 30 years) in Yunwushan National Nature Reserve. We explored the duration effect on root growth and globulin-related soil protein (GRSP) carbon sequestration in enclosed grasslands. The results showed that in plots with different closure durations, root biomass in growth bags significantly increased with the duration of closure, reaching a peak (0.36 g per bag) in the 25-year closure plot, which was a 125.0% increase compared to that in the natural grassland. The GRSP content increased simultaneously with the root biomass, reaching a maximum value (3.16 g·kg^-1 ) in the 25-year closure plot. Partial least squares path model analysis revealed that root biomass and GRSP drove soil organic carbon sequestration by promoting the accumulation of particulate organic carbon (path coefficients of 0.18 and 0.33, respectively), which in turn affected soil organic carbon sequestration (path coefficient=0.47). Principal component (PC) analysis indicated that the PC1 score was highest in the 25-year closure plot, suggesting that the accumulation of reactive carbon pool reached its optimal level. At this stage, the soil organic carbon and mineral-bound organic carbon conten were also the highest, confirming that 25 years of closure is a key milestone for carbon pool accumulation. We recommended that grasslands in this region be moderately utilized after 25 years of closure to accelerate nutrient cycling and further enhance the carbon sink potential of the grasslands.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2647-2654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of simulated acid rain on leaf structure and photosynthetic physiology in <i>Michelia shiluensis</i>.","authors":"Shuai-Jie Lu, Ruo-Yong Yin, Bao-Jin Zhang, Meng-Ling Wen, Ru-Chun Xi, Xiao-Mei Deng","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.017","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Michelia shiluensis</i> is a rare tree species in the family Magnoliaceae endemic to southern China. Its natural distribution regions frequently affected by acid rain, exposing it to a high risk of acid rain stress. In this study, 3-year-old seedlings of <i>M. shiluensis</i> were subjected to simulated acid rain treatments at pH 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and 5.0, with purified water (pH 7.0) as control, for a 50-day experiment. We investigated changes in plant growth, leaf anatomical structure, and photosynthetic physiological parameters. The results showed that acid rain stress significantly inhibited plant growth, and that the effect became more severe with decreasing pH. Under the pH 2.5 treatment, plant height and ground diameter decreased by 82.3% and 87.4%, respectively. All the treatments with pH≤4.5 significantly increased stomatal area, with that of individual stomata being increased by 47.6% and 76.6% under pH 3.5 and pH 2.5 treatments, respectively. Under pH≤3.5, the thickness of all leaf anatomical tissues increased significantly, and the mesophyll became more compact. During the stress period, net photosynthetic rate continuously declined, while the intercellular CO₂ concentration increased during the middle and late stages of stress. Under pH≤3.5, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ remained relatively stable, whereas the photochemical quenching coefficient and electron transport rate increased transiently during the early stage of stress but gradually declined thereafter. In contrast, both parameters remained suppressed under the pH 2.5 treatment. In conclusion, acid rain reduced net photosynthetic rate and inhibited the growth of <i>M. shiluensis</i> by disrupting stomatal structure, increasing the resistance to CO₂ diffusion within the mesophyll, and suppressing the photochemical activity of photosystem Ⅱ. Photosynthetic activity was markedly inhibited at pH≤3.5, whereas severe damage to both leaf structure and photosynthetic capacity occurred under the pH 2.5 treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2675-2683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}