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EEG-Befundung einschließlich Darstellung des normalen EEG 脑电图包括一般的脑电图
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.002
Dr. Matthias Hoppe
{"title":"EEG-Befundung einschließlich Darstellung des normalen EEG","authors":"Dr. Matthias Hoppe","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Das Befunden eines EEG sollte möglichst standardisiert erfolgen analog zum Befunden eines EKG. Empfehlungen hierzu werden dargestellt, sie orientieren sich an den entsprechenden Richtlinien der DGKN. Die wichtigsten Elemente des EEG Erwachsener im Wachzustand, Schlaf und bei Aktivierung werden systematisch erörtert. An einem repräsentativem EEG wird eine systematische Befunderhebung mit klinischer Erörterung beispielhaft dargestellt.</p></div><div><p>The interpretation of an EEG should be as standardized as possible analogous to the interpretation of an ECG. Recommendations for this are presented, they are based on the corresponding guidelines of the DGKN. The most important elements of the adult EEG in waking state, sleep and during activation are discussed systematically. On the basis of a representative EEG, a systematic assessment with clinical discussion is exemplified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 14-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47235028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
„Unspezifische“ EEG- Veränderungen – Verlangsamungen fokal und generalisiert, Asymmetrien 不同的脑电图比较模糊
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.003
Dr. Hartmut Baier
{"title":"„Unspezifische“ EEG- Veränderungen – Verlangsamungen fokal und generalisiert, Asymmetrien","authors":"Dr. Hartmut Baier","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Abnormal EEG are divided in “nonspecific” abnormal EEG pattern with low correlation to an underlying pathogenic process, and a more “specific” abnormal EEG pattern with a higher correlation to an underlying pathogenic process, realizing that “specific” abnormal EEG pattern sensu stricto does not exist. “Nonspecific” abnormal EEG pattern is described and illustrated by EEG recordings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 44-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45968044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lokalisierung von EEG-Potentialen unter Berücksichtigung der unterschiedlichen Montagetypen 根据不同的胶质形态
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.001
Dr. med. Peter Hopp
{"title":"Lokalisierung von EEG-Potentialen unter Berücksichtigung der unterschiedlichen Montagetypen","authors":"Dr. med. Peter Hopp","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article aims to outline the principles of localizing scalp EEG potentials using different EEG montages.</p><p>Localization of potentials plays a critical role in the clinical EEG interpretation and is based on visual pattern recognition (e. g. epileptiform potentials) and on correct identification of their polarity.</p><p>In digital EEG recording of EEG signals is performed using a referential derivation, and the recorded signal can be reformatted to different, user-defined montages.</p><p>Montages are logical and orderly arrangements of EEG channels (i. e. the output of electrode pairs, with a trace representing the amplified potential difference between the two electrodes) that display EEG activity over the entire scalp and allow interpretation of recorded signals of different brain regions.</p><p>Montages are divided into two large groups, referential and bipolar, denoting the technique by which EEG data are displayed.</p><p>The article presents different montage types (bipolar, referential, average reference, Laplacian montage). Advantages and limitations of different montages for localization techniques are discussed.</p><p>Topographic analysis and field mapping of EEG potentials are demonstrated in examples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46923615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Belohnungsassoziierte Veränderungen im EEG 奖励行动在脑部
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.09.001
Daniela Krause, Kristina Adorjan, Simon Langgartner
{"title":"Belohnungsassoziierte Veränderungen im EEG","authors":"Daniela Krause,&nbsp;Kristina Adorjan,&nbsp;Simon Langgartner","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Studien mit bildgebenden Verfahren (z.B. fMRT) fanden sich im Zusammenhang mit Stimuli (positives oder negatives Feedback), die durch das zentrale Belohnungssystem verarbeitet werden, Veränderungen der neuronalen Aktivität in verschiedenen kortikalen und subkortikalen Hirnregionen. Im Rahmen einer EEG-Studie wurde ein Paradigma entwickelt, um ereigniskorrelierte Potentiale (ERP) und EEG-Oszillationen (ERO) in Zusammenhang mit Gewinn- oder Verlust-Feedback elektrophysiologisch abzuleiten und zu analysieren. Sowohl die ERP als auch die Oszillationen weisen nach einem Gewinn- oder Verlust-Feedback gegenüber einer neutralen Bedingung Unterschiede auf, sodass die Aktivität des zentralen Belohnungssystems auch elektrophysiologisch differenziell untersucht werden kann.</p></div><div><p>Previous neuroimaging studies identified brain areas associated with reward processing following reward or punishment and showed altered neuronal activities. The present study aimed to examine whether feedback-based experiences of gains and losses are associated with electrophysiological correlates. Healthy participants were investigated using a gambling task, which focused on non-predictable gain and loss experiences. Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings were performed during task execution to assess electrophysiological correlates of reward processing. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related oscillations (EROs) were analysed upon feedback of gains/losses. Pilot data revealed that such a gambling paradigm is useful to measure differences of feedback-related changes for gains/losses. Thus, electrophysiological techniques can be used to investigate feedback processing on a gambling task indicating brain reward processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 88-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71763663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beitrag peripherer bildgebender Verfahren zur Diagnose neuromuskulärer Erkrankungen: Periphere Bildgebung bei neuromuskulären Erkrankungen 外周影像学方法对神经肌肉疾病诊断的贡献:神经肌肉疾病的外周影像
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.NEULAB.2017.08.001
S. Schreiber, S. Vielhaber
{"title":"Beitrag peripherer bildgebender Verfahren zur Diagnose neuromuskulärer Erkrankungen: Periphere Bildgebung bei neuromuskulären Erkrankungen","authors":"S. Schreiber, S. Vielhaber","doi":"10.1016/J.NEULAB.2017.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.NEULAB.2017.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"39 1","pages":"198-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/J.NEULAB.2017.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48937209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hirnstammdiagnostik – Möglichkeiten in der Neurophysiologie 脑干诊断——神经生理学的可能性
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.09.002
Frank Böhme
{"title":"Hirnstammdiagnostik – Möglichkeiten in der Neurophysiologie","authors":"Frank Böhme","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Die neurophysiologische Hirnstammdiagnostik hat durch den qualitativen Zuwachs in der bildgebenden Diagnostik an Wichtigkeit verloren. Dennoch kann die Bildgebung auch in der besten Auflösung keine funktionsspezifische Aussage machen (Ausnahme funktionelle Bildgebung). Im Vergleich: Ein Automotor kann in all seinen Einzelheiten bildgebend dargestellt werden, aber ob dieser Motor auch anspringt und ordnungsgemäß läuft wird nur auf funktioneller Ebene geklärt.</p></div><div><p>Neurophysiological brainstem diagnostics has lost importance due to the qualitative growth in imaging diagnostics. Nevertheless, the imaging cannot make a function-specific statement, also in the best resolution (except functional imaging). In comparison, a car engine can be represented in all its details, but whether this engine is also starting and running properly is only clarified at the functional level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 182-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43853863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beitrag peripherer bildgebender Verfahren zur Diagnose neuromuskulärer Erkrankungen "神经创伤研究成果
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.08.001
Stefanie Schreiber, Stefan Vielhaber
{"title":"Beitrag peripherer bildgebender Verfahren zur Diagnose neuromuskulärer Erkrankungen","authors":"Stefanie Schreiber,&nbsp;Stefan Vielhaber","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Innerhalb der letzten Jahre haben die hochauflösende Nervensonographie und die Magnetresonanzneurographie (MRN) inklusive des Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) als jeweils nicht invasive bildgebende Verfahren zur Visualisierung struktureller Veränderungen des peripheren Nervensystems (PNS) bei verschiedenen Neuropathien entscheidende Weiterentwicklungen erfahren. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit werden die Bildgebungsbefunde bei hereditären, immunvermittelten sowie axonalen erworbenen Polyneuropathien und der Amyotrophen Lateralsklerose vergleichend gegenüber gestellt und deren Wertigkeit für die klinische Praxis diskutiert. Während der Einsatz der MRN noch vorrangig wissenschaftlichen Charakter hat, muss der neuromuskuläre Ultraschall im Rahmen der PNS-Diagnostik bereits als klinisch etablierte Methode angesehen werden, die additiv und komplementär zur elektrophysiologischen Diagnostik ihren Eingang in die neurologisch-elektrophysiologischen Funktionsabteilungen gefunden hat.</p></div><div><p>During the last years high-resolution nerve sonography and magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) comprising peripheral diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have emerged as promising biomarkers for peripheral nervous system (PNS) visualization. Several studies have thus far conducted to investigate disease-related PNS alterations in hereditary, immune-mediated and acquired axonal neuropathies as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We here review those findings to discuss their impact within the clinical setting. Overall, while MRN is still experimental in nature, nerve ultrasound can already aid in the diagnosis of various neuropathies. Electrophysiology and neuromuscular ultrasound have thus to be considered as ancillary techniques that should be used in a complementary manner in the same neurophysiological lab.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 198-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71781972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mitgliedermitteilung 4. Quartal 2017
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.10.002
{"title":"Mitgliedermitteilung 4. Quartal 2017","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 217-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71781973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Die Hirnnerven Systematik und Bedeutung für die klinische Neurophysiologie 颅神经系统学及其临床神经生理学意义
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.10.001
Wilhard Reuter
{"title":"Die Hirnnerven Systematik und Bedeutung für die klinische Neurophysiologie","authors":"Wilhard Reuter","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Die Hirnnerven werden in einer generellen Übersicht und einer systematischen Zuordnung dargestellt. Die neurophysiologisch relevanten Hirnnerven II, V, VII, VIII und XI werden beschrieben. Untersuchungstechniken und Erkrankungen werden für jeden dieser Nerven aufgeführt.</p></div><div><p>The cranial nerves are described in a general overview and a systematical classification. The relevant nerves for neurophysiological examinations II, V, VII, VIII and XI are discussed in their anatomical, neurophysiological and pathological aspects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 167-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45759616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EEG in der Psychiatrie 精神病学中的脑电图
Neurophysiologie-Labor Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulab.2017.06.005
Oliver Pogarell
{"title":"EEG in der Psychiatrie","authors":"Oliver Pogarell","doi":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulab.2017.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Die Elektroenzephalographie hat als funktionelles Verfahren einen bedeutsamen Stellenwert auch in der klinischen Psychiatrie, da sie zu Differenzialdiagnostik, Therapieplanung und Verlaufsmonitoring beitragen kann. Die klinische Relevanz ist dabei nicht auf den Nachweis epilepsietypischer Potentiale bzw. gesteigerter hirnelektrischer Erregbarkeit beschränkt. Die klassische Elektroenzephalographie bietet sich als Screeninginstrument bei Hinweisen auf metabolisch-toxische Enzephalopathien, in der Differenzialdiagnostik unklarer Bewusstseinsstörungen (Delir) und kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen sowie zum Monitoring des Einsatzes psychotroper Medikamente an.</p></div><div><p>Standard electroencephalography (EEG) remains an indispensable method in the diagnostic workup of psychiatric disorders. EEG is a widely available and inexpensive tool for the assessment of brain functional alterations and is of relevance especially in patients with non-distinctive alterations of consciousness, cognitive impairments, and for the detection of epileptiform potentials and abnormal brain electric excitability, including non-convulsive epileptic states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35874,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie-Labor","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 116-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.neulab.2017.06.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43823044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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