BMC Clinical Pathology最新文献

{"title":"High expression of EphA3 (erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A3) in gastric cancer is associated with metastasis and poor survival.","authors":"Baongoc Nasri,&nbsp;Mikito Inokuchi,&nbsp;Toshiaki Ishikawa,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Uetake,&nbsp;Yoko Takagi,&nbsp;Sho Otsuki,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Kojima,&nbsp;Tatsuyuki Kawano","doi":"10.1186/s12907-017-0047-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-017-0047-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As the major subfamily of receptor tyrosine, erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptor has been related to progression and prognosis in different types of tumors. However, the role and mechanism of EPHA3 in gastric cancer is still not well understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Specimen were collected from 202 patients who underwent gastric resection for gastric adenocarcinoma. The expression of EphA3 was studied using immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the clinicopathological factors and prognostic relevance of EphA3 expression in gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High expression of EphA3 was associated with male predominance (<i>p</i> = 0.031), differentiated histology (<i>p</i> < 0.001), depth of tumor (<i>p</i> = 0.002), lymph node metastasis (<i>p</i> = 0.001), distant metastasis (<i>p</i> = 0.021), liver metastasis (<i>p</i> = 0.024), advanced stage (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and high HER2 expression (<i>p</i> = 0.017). Relapse-free survival (RFS) was significantly worse in patients with high expression of EphA3 than in those with low expression of EphA3 (<i>p</i> = 0.014). Multivariate analysis for RFS showed that depth of tumor [hazard ratio (HR) 9.333, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.183-39.911, <i>p</i> = 0.003] and lymph node metastasis [hazard ratio (HR) 5.734, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.349-13.997, <i>p</i> < 0.001] were independent prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that high expression EphA3 may participate in metastasis and worse survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"17 ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-017-0047-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34961473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping mitochondrial heteroplasmy in a Leydig tumor by laser capture micro-dissection and cycling temperature capillary electrophoresis.","authors":"Paulo Refinetti,&nbsp;Christian Arstad,&nbsp;William G Thilly,&nbsp;Stephan Morgenthaler,&nbsp;Per Olaf Ekstrøm","doi":"10.1186/s12907-017-0042-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-017-0042-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The growth of tumor cells is accompanied by mutations in nuclear and mitochondrial genomes creating marked genetic heterogeneity. Tumors also contain non-tumor cells of various origins. An observed somatic mitochondrial mutation would have occurred in a founding cell and spread through cell division. Micro-anatomical dissection of a tumor coupled with assays for mitochondrial point mutations permits new insights into this growth process. More generally, the ability to detect and trace, at a histological level, somatic mitochondrial mutations in human tissues and tumors, makes these mutations into markers for lineage tracing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A tumor was first sampled by a large punch biopsy and scanned for any significant degree of heteroplasmy in a set of sequences containing known mutational hotspots of the mitochondrial genome. A heteroplasmic tumor was sliced at a 12 μm thickness and placed on membranes. Laser capture micro-dissection was used to take 25000 μm² subsamples or spots. After DNA amplification, cycling temperature capillary electrophoresis (CTCE) was used on the laser captured samples to quantify mitochondrial mutant fractions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of six testicular tumors studied, one, a Leydig tumor, was discovered to carry a detectable degree of heteroplasmy for two separate point mutations: a C → T mutation at bp 64 and a T → C mutation found at bp 152. From this tumor, 381 spots were sampled with laser capture micro-dissection. The ordered distribution of spots exhibited a wide range of fractions of the mutant sequences from 0 to 100% mutant copies. The two mutations co-distributed in the growing tumor indicating they were present on the same genome copies in the founding cell.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Laser capture microdissection of sliced tumor samples coupled with CTCE-based point mutation assays provides an effective and practical means to obtain maps of mitochondrial mutational heteroplasmy within human tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"17 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-017-0042-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34909948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing BD MAX™ Enteric Bacterial Panel to Detect Stool Pathogens from Rectal Swabs.","authors":"Barbara DeBurger,&nbsp;Sarah Hanna,&nbsp;Eleanor A Powell,&nbsp;Cindi Ventrola,&nbsp;Joel E Mortensen","doi":"10.1186/s12907-017-0043-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-017-0043-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The BD MAX™ Enteric Bacterial Panel (BDM-EBP) is designed and FDA-cleared to detect <i>Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter,</i> and Shiga toxin genes <i>stx1/2</i> from stool samples. However, rectal swabs, which are not FDA-cleared for clinical testing with the BDM-EBP, are common specimens received from pediatric patients for enteric pathogen testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the BDM-EBP to detect stool pathogens from rectal swabs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Routine cultures, Shiga toxin testing, and molecular testing with BDM-EBP were performed on 272 sequential rectal swabs collected from August 2015 to December 2015. Discrepant test results were resolved using Verigene® Enteric Pathogens Nucleic Acid Test (EP). 36 challenge samples (13 <i>Salmonella</i> spp., 3 <i>Shigella</i> spp., 10 <i>Campylobacter</i> spp., and 10 Shiga toxin positive <i>Escherichia coli</i>) were tested using reference strains (American Type Culture Collection) and previous patient isolates diluted to10³-10⁴ cfu/ml in saline then added to Sample Buffer Tube (SBT) with negative stool matrix delivered via a swab. Limit of detection testing was performed by serial 10 fold dilutions in saline then added to SBT with negative stool matrix provided via a swab.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 272 rectal swab specimens were evaluated and 89 were positive by culture and/or MAX EBP. All discrepant results were BDM-EBP positive and culture negative. 21 of 31 (68%) of the apparent false positive BDM-EBP discrepant results resolved as positive with Nanosphere's Verigene® EP. After resolution of the discordant results, the Positive Percent Agreement (PPA) and Negative Percent Agreement (NPA) are as follows for each target: <i>Salmonella</i> (<i>n</i> = 4) 100%, PPA and 100%, NPA; <i>Shigella</i> (<i>n</i> = 79) 100%, PPA and 95.3%, NPA; <i>Campylobacter</i> (<i>n</i> = 4) 100%, PPA and 99.6%, NPA; and Shiga toxin producing organisms (<i>n</i> = 2) 100%, PPA and 100%, NPA. 8.8% of the patient samples did not initially yield a result on the BDM-System. Upon repeat, half of the problematic samples resolved, and 4.4% of the total specimen tested did not yield a result. All organisms in the challenge samples were detected. Limits of detection for BDM-EBP testing of rectal swabs were as follows (in cfu/ml in SBT): <i>Salmonella</i>-1.44 × 10²; <i>Shigella</i>-5.10 × 10⁰; <i>Campylobacter</i>-1.51 × 10¹; and Shiga Toxin-1.13 ×10³.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rectal swabs are acceptable samples for detecting <i>Salmonella</i>, <i>Shigella</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i>, and Shiga toxin using BDM-EBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"17 ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-017-0043-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34909820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone pathologic fracture revealing an unusual association: coexistence of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with Rosai-Dorfman disease.","authors":"Boubacar Efared,&nbsp;Asmae Mazti,&nbsp;Badarou Chaibou,&nbsp;Gabrielle Atsame-Ebang,&nbsp;Ibrahim Sory Sidibé,&nbsp;Layla Tahiri,&nbsp;Fatimazahra Erregad,&nbsp;Nawal Hammas,&nbsp;Abdelmajid El Mrini,&nbsp;Hinde El Fatemi,&nbsp;Laila Chbani","doi":"10.1186/s12907-017-0044-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-017-0044-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coexistence of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is very rare, as to date only 17 cases have been reported in the english literature. The pathophysiology of this uncommon co-occurrence still remains enigmatic and a subject of various speculations.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a case of a 30-year-old female patient who presented with a pathologic fracture of the left proximal femur. Her medical history was unremarkable, there were no fever, skin lesions, lymphadenopathy or other organomegaly at physical examination. X-ray radiograph of the fractured femur showed an isolated and ill-defined osteolytic lesion. The histopathological analysis of biopsies from this lesion were consistent with a combined RDD-LCH of the bone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combined RDD-LCH is a very rare phenomenon, whose pathophysiology still remains unclear and a subject of various speculations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"17 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-017-0044-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34901434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can takotsubo cardiomyopathy be diagnosed by autopsy? Report of a presumed case presenting as cardiac rupture.","authors":"Andrew Mitchell,&nbsp;François Marquis","doi":"10.1186/s12907-017-0045-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-017-0045-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Takostsubo (stress) cardiomyopathy (TC) is a clinical syndrome featuring transient left ventricular dysfunction and wall-motion abnormalities, usually following emotional or physical stress. The diagnosis of TC depends on fulfillment of multiple clinical criteria. Although the pathogenesis has not been firmly established, myocardial cathecholamine toxicity is thought to represent a primary mechanism. The vast majority of patients with TC survive. However, a rare cause of death in TC is myocardial rupture. All documented cases of rupture have followed known, recently diagnosed or suspected TC. However, in this report we propose that an initial diagnosis of TC with myocardial rupture can be made by autopsy when supported by a compelling clinical history and appropriate histologic changes in the myocardium.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 82 year-old female underwent elective craniotomy for a recently discovered craniopharyngioma. The surgery was uneventful; the initial postoperative course featured diabetes insipidus and delirium. With no prior warning, on the third postoperative day she was found unresponsive in bed. Two prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitations were successful, however, during a third arrest maneuvers were stopped at the request of the family. An autopsy was conducted which revealed hemopericardium due to cardiac rupture. Coronary artery atherosclerosis, valve disease, and renal and extra-renal pheochromocytoma were absent. Microscopy of the myocardium showed a recent, localized, transmural myocardial infarction and diffuse changes (all four ventricles) typical of cathecholamine cardiomyopathy. The findings were considered compatible with TC with secondary myocardial rupture.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An initial diagnosis of TC with myocardial rupture can be reasonably made by autopsy in the context of an appropriate clinical history and the presence of the characteristic microscopic features of cathecholamine excess in the myocardium.</p>","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"17 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-017-0045-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34901433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in bladder urothelial carcinoma.","authors":"Mohamed Reda El Ochi,&nbsp;Mohamed Oukabli,&nbsp;Elarbi Bouaiti,&nbsp;Hafsa Chahdi,&nbsp;Adil Boudhas,&nbsp;Mohamed Allaoui,&nbsp;Ahmed Ameur,&nbsp;Mohamed Abbar,&nbsp;Abderrahmane Al Bouzidi","doi":"10.1186/s12907-017-0046-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-017-0046-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in men worldwide. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression has been detected in a wide range of urothelial carcinoma. Despite many reports in the literature, the prognostic significance of this overexpression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of HER2 in urothelial bladder carcinomas and its association with clinical and pathological parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>103 cases of UBC were diagnosed in our department between January 2014 and December 2015. The tumor specimens obtained by transurethral resection or cystectomy were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using HER2 antibody.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HER2 protein overexpression was present in 11.7% of cases and associated with tumor grade (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and pathological stage (<i>p</i> = 0.015). In multivariate analysis, HER2 overexpression was associated only with tumor grade (<i>P</i> = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HER2 protein overexpression is noted in patients with high grade cancer. This expression may select patients for anti HER2 targeted therapy. Future larger and prospective studies will verify the frequency of HER2 alteration and the role of HER2 in the aggressive behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"17 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-017-0046-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34901431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peritumoral lymphatic vessel density and invasion detected with immunohistochemical marker D240 is strongly associated with distant metastasis in breast carcinoma","authors":"N. F. Norhisham, Choi Yen Chong, S. Safuan","doi":"10.1186/s12907-017-0041-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-017-0041-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-017-0041-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44656554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycetoma in a non-endemic area: a diagnostic challenge","authors":"B. Efared, L. Tahiri, M. Boubacar, Gabrielle Atsam-Ebang, N. Hammas, E. Hinde, L. Chbani","doi":"10.1186/s12907-017-0040-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-017-0040-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-017-0040-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45758322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleic acid extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cancer cell line samples: a trade off between quantity and quality?","authors":"Caroline Seiler,&nbsp;Alan Sharpe,&nbsp;J Carl Barrett,&nbsp;Elizabeth A Harrington,&nbsp;Emma V Jones,&nbsp;Gayle B Marshall","doi":"10.1186/s12907-016-0039-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-016-0039-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Advanced genomic techniques such as Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) and gene expression profiling, including NanoString, are vital for the development of personalised medicines, as they enable molecular disease classification. This has become increasingly important in the treatment of cancer, aiding patient selection. However, it requires efficient nucleic acid extraction often from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here we provide a comparison of several commercially available manual and automated methods for DNA and/or RNA extraction from FFPE cancer cell line samples from Qiagen, life Technologies and Promega. Differing extraction geometric mean yields were evaluated across each of the kits tested, assessing dual DNA/RNA extraction vs. specialised single extraction, manual silica column based extraction techniques vs. automated magnetic bead based methods along with a comparison of subsequent nucleic acid purity methods, providing a full evaluation of nucleic acids isolated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the four RNA extraction kits evaluated the RNeasy FFPE kit, from Qiagen, gave superior geometric mean yields, whilst the Maxwell 16 automated method, from Promega, yielded the highest quality RNA by quantitative real time RT-PCR. Of the DNA extraction kits evaluated the PicoPure DNA kit, from Life Technologies, isolated 2-14× more DNA. A miniaturised qPCR assay was developed for DNA quantification and quality assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Careful consideration of an extraction kit is necessary dependent on quality or quantity of material required. Here we provide a flow diagram on the factors to consider when choosing an extraction kit as well as how to accurately quantify and QC the extracted material.</p>","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"16 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-016-0039-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35118521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosomal abnormality of acute promyelocytic leukemia other than PML-RARA: a case report of acute promyelocytic leukemia with del(5q)","authors":"O. Imataki, M. Uemura","doi":"10.1186/s12907-016-0038-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12907-016-0038-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35804,"journal":{"name":"BMC Clinical Pathology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12907-016-0038-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66186842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}