Air Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Prolonged In-Flight Management of Life-Threatening Pediatric Asthma on a Long-Haul Commercial Flight: A Case Report","authors":"Merahi Kefyalew MD ,&nbsp;Gary Yonathan MD ,&nbsp;Hannah Wondimu MD ,&nbsp;Kwasi Nkansah Jr MSc, MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 3-year-old male passenger developed acute respiratory distress approximately 30 minutes after takeoff during an international flight from the United States to Addis Ababa. Despite multiple rounds of nebulized albuterol and escalating oxygen therapy, his respiratory status progressively deteriorated. A multidisciplinary team of onboard physicians administered epinephrine and hydrocortisone from the emergency medical kit while coordinating with ground medical control. The aircraft was subsequently diverted to Athens, Greece, where the child was handed over to emergency services and later stabilized. This case highlights the challenges of managing pediatric respiratory distress in-flight and the critical importance of prompt coordination, adequate medical supplies, and crew preparedness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 283-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Medical Priority Dispatch System Codes and Air Ambulance Helicopter Tasking in New Zealand: A Retrospective Observational Study","authors":"Izaak E.F. Bates BHSc (Para), MHPrac (Para), MHSc (AeroRT) ,&nbsp;Rob Griffiths MB ChB (Hons), FFOM, FACOEM, FAFOEM, FAFPHM, FFOMI, FRCPI (OM), FACAsM, FASMA, MPP, DAvMed, DIH ,&nbsp;Russell Clarke BHSc (Para), PgDipHealSci (Para), MHSc (AeroRT)","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Air ambulance helicopters are a scarce and costly resource in New Zealand. Despite widespread use of the Advanced Medical Priority Dispatch System (AMPDS), no validated framework exists to determine which determinant codes are associated with helicopter tasking. This study aimed to examine whether specific AMPDS codes are associated with an increased likelihood of helicopter arrival at the scene in New Zealand.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective observational study using all AMPDS-coded incidents recorded by the Emergency Ambulance Communications Centre from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2024, was conducted. Exclusions included interhospital transfers, search and rescue events, direct air desk notifications, and nonpatient incidents. For each code, incident volume and helicopter arrivals at the scene were measured. Codes were classified as high volume (≥ 50 helicopter arrivals) or high yield (arrival ratio, ≤ 1:10).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1,161,169 AMPDS-coded incidents, 34,869 (3.0%) were reviewed by an air desk clinician and 7,688 (0.66%) resulted in a helicopter arrival. Thirty-seven codes generated ≥ 50 arrivals, accounting for 59.3% of helicopter responses but representing 440,781 incidents overall. An additional 102 codes had arrival ratios of ≤ 1:10, although most had low absolute volumes. Only 3 traffic-related codes (29D06, 29D02N, 29D02K) met both criteria, accounting for 823 incidents (0.07%) and 192 arrivals (2.5%). In contrast, 791 codes never produced a helicopter arrival, including 133 with &gt; 100 incidents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AMPDS codes alone have limited discriminative capacity for helicopter tasking in New Zealand. A small subset of traffic-related codes demonstrated predictive value and may support more targeted referral pathways. Integrating selected high-yield codes with geospatial thresholds and availability of local critical care resources may streamline clinician review, reduce overtriage, and optimize deployment of scarce aeromedical assets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 226-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience With Electrostatic Discharge During Hoist Operations in the Norwegian Search-and-Rescue Helicopter Service: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Jostein Rødseth Brede MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Arnfinn Storli BSc ,&nbsp;Stein Bastian von Tangen-Jordan BSc ,&nbsp;Lasse Coucheron BSc","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Electrostatic charging during helicopter flight is well known. In a helicopter search-and-rescue (SAR) service, a winch is often used to access or extract patients. To avoid injury to the personnel who are hoisted, electrostatic discharge between the helicopter and the ground should be transferred through an electrostatic discharge line. Still, rescue paramedics (RPs) and physicians involved in hoist operations are familiar with electrostatic discharge episodes, so-called “static.” There is a surprising lack in medical literature that describes the scope of static. We aimed to investigate the experience with electrostatic discharge during hoist operations among the personnel in the Norwegian SAR service.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A nationwide, de-identified, web-based cross-sectional survey. All RPs and physicians who work in the SAR service operated by the 330 Squadron in Norway were invited to participate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 81 invited, 74 responded (91%). The mean length of experience was 13 years (range, 2-31), and all RPs and 73% of physicians had experienced static. The median number of static experienced was 10 (range, 1–200). Mild static had been experienced by 85%, moderate static by 61%, and severe static by 23%. RPs were both significantly more experienced than physicians and had experienced more static, with a higher degree of severity. Notably, 30% of participants answered that static is a problem for the SAR service, and 24% of participants were worried about potential long-term effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this nationwide survey, we found that experience with electrostatic discharge, “static,” is common among personnel involved in hoist operations in the Norwegian SAR service. Many participants had experienced a severe degree of static, and 24% of participants were concerned about long-term effects. This survey establishes a need to further assess the scope and implications of static in the SAR service.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 213-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring to Detect Postintubation Hypotension in Patients Who Receive a Prehospital Emergency Anesthetic for Suspected Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"Silas Houghton Budd MSc ,&nbsp;Nick Haslam BM, BCh (Oxon) ,&nbsp;Joanne Griggs MSc ,&nbsp;Jack Barrett PhD ,&nbsp;Scott Clarke MD ,&nbsp;Lisa Burrell MSc ,&nbsp;Duncan Bootland FRCEM ,&nbsp;Richard Lyon MD ,&nbsp;Air Ambulance Charity Kent Surrey Sussex","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The prehospital management of moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) centers on preventing secondary brain injury. Prehospital emergency anesthesia (PHEA) may be required for optimal neuroprotective care. Continuous invasive arterial blood pressure (IBP) monitoring is increasingly used in this cohort. PHEA can result in significant blood pressure (BP) changes, particularly around induction. IBP allows targeted BP management. This study analyzed hypotension frequency, depth, and duration in patients with suspected TBI monitored with IBP before PHEA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective analysis of patients with suspected TBI attended by Air Ambulance Charity Kent Surrey Sussex (KSS) who received IBP before PHEA between January 6, 2022, and July 6, 2024. The magnitude and duration of “absolute hypotension” (systolic BP [SBP], &lt; 90 mm Hg) were combined to establish a dose of absolute hypotension (mm Hg × minutes). The primary endpoints were incidence and dose of absolute hypotension.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 305 patients were identified; 140 (45.9%) were included. The median age was 58 years (interquartile range [IQR], 42–73), the predominant sex was male (<em>n</em> = 108; 77%), and the median Glasgow coma scale score was 6/15 (IQR, 4.0–7.5). Thirteen patients (9.3%) had absolute hypotension before PHEA, increasing to 53 (37.9%) after PHEA. Twenty-five patients (47.2%) had initial absolute hypotensive episodes that occurred 5 minutes after PHEA, with a median duration of 3 minutes (IQR, 1.0–4.5). The median dose of absolute hypotension was 144 mm Hg × minutes (IQR, 3.75–1,675.5). Twenty-five patients (17.9%) had “clinically important hypotension” (SBP, &lt; 110 mm Hg) before PHEA, increasing to 80 after PHEA (57.1%). Pre-PHEA absolute and clinically important hypotension were associated with both incidence and dose of post-PHEA absolute hypotension.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights a higher incidence of absolute hypotension using IBP than previous studies using intermittent noninvasive monitoring. Although post-PHEA absolute hypotension was common, more than half of these events were brief (&lt; 5 minutes). These findings highlight the importance of analyzing hypotension depth and duration and suggest the need for prehospital outcome-based studies using continuous IBP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 191-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Time-Critical Pathology and Cardiorespiratory Deterioration in Infants Retrieved for Bilious Vomiting: An Observational Study","authors":"Jake Wright MBChB,&nbsp;Bron Hennebry MBChB","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Bilious vomiting in infants is recognized as a sign of potential surgical pathology, and these infants often require retrieval from the peripheral hospital to a surgical center for specialist investigation. We set out to show the frequency of surgical pathology, time-critical pathology, and cardiorespiratory deterioration during retrieval among infants with bilious vomiting. In addition, we aimed to show whether there is an association between the need for cardiorespiratory support at the time of referral and time-critical pathology or cardiorespiratory deterioration during the retrieval.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We completed a retrospective observational study of 104 infants younger than 44 weeks’ corrected gestational age retrieved for bilious vomiting or aspirates over a 103-month period identified from the electronic retrieval record database of an Australian retrieval service.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the infants included in the study, 21 (20.19%) had a surgical pathology, 6 (5.77%) had a time-critical pathology, and 10 (9.62%) experienced a cardiorespiratory deterioration during the retrieval. Infants receiving cardiorespiratory support at the time of referral were more likely to have a time-critical pathology (risk difference [RD], 24.45%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.23–60.07; risk ratio [RR], 6.93; 95% CI, 1.52–31.5) and more likely to experience a cardiorespiratory deterioration (RD, 50.95%; 95% CI, 18.17–78.19; RR, 9.24; 95% CI, 3.38–25.27).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings can help the retrieval service plan their response to referrals for infants with bilious vomiting. Awareness of the frequency of time-critical pathology and of deterioration during retrieval and the increased risk of both among those requiring cardiorespiratory support at the time of referral could inform the timing of response and team composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 231-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Reversal Is Not Rescue: The Prehospital Sugammadex Myth in Airway Management","authors":"Roman Sýkora MD, PhD, MHA ,&nbsp;Jiří Chvojka MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Metoděj Renza MD, PhD ,&nbsp;František Duška MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence supporting the use of sugammadex as a rescue strategy in prehospital “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” (CICO) situations remains sparse and indirect. Although contemporary airway guidelines prioritize front-of-neck access (FONA) as the definitive intervention, discussion of pharmacological reversal persists in prehospital practice, predominantly within gray literature, local protocols, and educational materials. This persistence reflects an ongoing hypothesis in prehospital airway management that warrants critical appraisal.</div><div>We performed a narrative synthesis of perioperative, emergency department, and prehospital literature, including case reports, expert consensus documents, and contemporary airway guidelines, to assess whether pharmacological reversal can plausibly modify outcomes in airway failure. Across these sources, no outcome-level data support sugammadex as an effective rescue maneuver in established CICO. Perioperative CICO case series further indicate that reversal of neuromuscular blockade does not reliably resolve airway obstruction or obviate the need for surgical airway access.</div><div>In the prehospital environment, rapid desaturation and limited monitoring further reduce the plausibility of pharmacological rescue once CICO has developed. For helicopter and ground emergency medical service systems, current evidence supports emphasis on early recognition of CICO, structured airway algorithms, and timely performance of FONA, rather than reliance on pharmacological reversal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 169-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Helicopter Emergency Medical Services in Treatment of Suspected Cerebral Stroke in Norway: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Marie Fagerli Dragøy ,&nbsp;Helge Haugland MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Jostein Rødseth Brede MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In Norway, helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) are dispatched for suspected cerebral stroke if intravenous thrombolysis may be administered within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, and it reduces time of transport by ≥30 minutes compared with basic emergency medical services (EMS). However, cerebral stroke presents with heterogeneous symptoms; therefore, identification by emergency dispatchers can be difficult.</div><div>The primary outcome was the positive predictive value for stroke among patients with suspected stroke for whom HEMS was dispatched. Secondary outcomes included rates of prehospital interventions, quality indicator fulfillment, and rates of selected in-hospital interventions within time limits.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using aggregated prehospital and in-hospital data from an electronic patient journal. It included 161 primary missions from the HEMS base in Trondheim, where HEMS was deployed on the index criterion of cerebral stroke set by the Emergency Medical Coordination Center between 2022 and 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of all primary missions, 14% (<em>n</em> = 162) were because of suspected stroke. A total of 75 patients (47%) were diagnosed with having stroke, whereas 12 (7%) were diagnosed with having transient ischemic attack. In 7% of cases, an advanced intervention that requires a physician was performed. A total of 40 patients (25%) received intravenous thrombolysis and/or endovascular thrombectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Stroke was confirmed in 47% of HEMS dispatches for suspected stroke. HEMS likely reduced transport time by ≥30 minutes for most patients, whereas prehospital advanced interventions were rarely performed. Further studies on index use and comparative studies of HEMS and EMS dispatches could help strengthen patient selection and optimize resource utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 185-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seizure Management in Adult Patients During Air Medical Transport","authors":"Brandi L. Thompson BSN, CFRN ,&nbsp;Michael Lauria MD, NRP, FP-C ,&nbsp;Derek Grassley BSN, CFRN ,&nbsp;Darren Braude MD, EMT-P ,&nbsp;Robert L. Alunday MD","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seizures exist on a clinical spectrum, and providers must adopt a nuanced yet assertive treatment approach, as the transition from benign to life-threatening can occur rapidly. Critical care transport teams are moving these patients more frequently as neuro-specialty care continues to concentrate at quaternary centers and rural health facilities face resource challenges. Patients with seizures can have a variety of physical and physiologic symptoms, and transport crews must be aware of the more subtle symptoms as to intervene appropriately. The priority in seizure management is stopping the seizure, starting with benzodiazepine administration and then escalating to second-line anti-epileptics if benzodiazepines are ineffective. The longer seizure activity continues, the more difficult it is to stop, and the risk of permanent neuronal damage increases. Additional priorities include patient safety/positioning and airway management. Critical care transport crews should be prepared to perform advanced airway management in patients who present in status epilepticus and should get the patient to a facility with magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and neurocritical care resources. The unique environment of air transport makes management and assessment of these patients especially challenging, and we provide updated guidance to consider.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 266-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heated and Humidified Oxygen in Critical Care Transport: Evaluating the Use of Aerogen Pro-X Nebulizer as an Alternative to Traditional High-Flow Humidifiers","authors":"Maria Karas ,&nbsp;Trace Choulat ,&nbsp;Jamie Persten BHS ,&nbsp;Conner Rucks EMT ,&nbsp;Ravi Panchigar CNA ,&nbsp;Emma Beqaj ,&nbsp;Emily Puckett ,&nbsp;Andrew Joseph DO ,&nbsp;Derek Hunt BS, UF CCP, FP-C","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Heated, humidified oxygen therapy is commonly used to support hypoxemic, nonintubated patients. Conventional high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) systems are effective in hospital settings but are often large and less practical for use during critical care transport. Portable aerosol-generating devices offer a compact, transport-friendly alternative; however, a performance gap exists in their ability to maintain appropriate temperature and humidity under varying conditions compared with HFNC. We compared the effectiveness of a heated humidification device, Hamilton H900 (H900), with that of an aerosol-generating device, Aerogen Pro-X (Aerogen).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Aerogen was tested with a Hamilton T1 ventilator set to “high-flow oxygen device mode,” as used in emergency responses. Using a hygrometer, we measured humidity and temperature outputs at 3 different set flow rates and 6 different set fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO₂) levels. Each condition was tested the following 3 times: baseline establishment, Aerogen, and H900.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across all conditions, the H900 delivered significantly higher temperatures than the Aerogen, with an estimated marginal mean of 38.56°C ± 0.34°C (101.41°F ± 2.61°F) compared with 19.62°C ± 0.34°C (67.32°F ± 2.61°F) for the Aerogen (95% confidence interval [CI]). In contrast, the Aerogen delivered significantly higher relative humidity (RH) than the H900 at 85.9% ± 0.9% compared with 57.7% ± 0.9% for the H900 (95% CI); however, its absolute humidity was lower than that of the H900 (14.53 mg/L vs. 27.42 mg/L for the H900). For both devices, RH decreased as FiO₂ and flow rate increased (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). At the highest settings (FiO₂ 100%, 60 liters per minute), RH declined to 71.3% ± 3.8% for the Aerogen and 42.3% ± 3.8% for the H900 (95% CI).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The H900 maintained near-physiological temperatures, whereas the Aerogen demonstrated near-physiological RH. Although each device performed well within a specific domain, neither independently provided guideline-compliant humidification and temperature control across tested conditions. These findings support the development of a portable HFNC system that integrates efficient humidification with active temperature control for use in transport settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 246-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal Intubation Outcomes: Team Composition, Experience, and Safety Considerations","authors":"Avram Flamm DO, EMT-P, FACEP, FAEMS","doi":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amj.2026.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35737,"journal":{"name":"Air Medical Journal","volume":"45 3","pages":"Page 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147806773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}