Journal of Environmental Management最新文献

{"title":"Effects of additive or multiplicative error structures on self-thinning lines for larch plantations in northeast China","authors":"Lingbo Dong ,&nbsp;Guanmou Chen ,&nbsp;Woodam Chung ,&nbsp;Fengri Li ,&nbsp;Zhaogang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately modeling the self-thinning line is crucial for effective forest management, yet the debate continues on whether to use nonlinear regression with additive error on the arithmetic scale or linear regression with multiplicative error on the log-transformed scale. This study examines larch plantations in Northeast China as a case study to evaluate these error structures, incorporating the effects of relative density (RD) and quantile regression (QR) quantiles. Using the optimal error structure, the potential influences of the site index (SI) and the Martonne aridity index (MA) on the self-thinning lines were also analyzed. Results revealed significant differences in slope and intercept estimates between the two error structures, with both estimates positively correlated QR quantiles and RD values. Likelihood analysis identified the multiplicate error structure was superior, underscoring the necessity of logarithmic transformation when modelling the self-thinning lines. The MA index exhibited a significantly greater impact on self-thinning lines compared to SI, increasing the maximum stand density index (SDImax) by approximately 7.37 % under RCP2.6, 7.12 % under RCP4.5, and 9.09 % under RCP8.5. This translates to an additional approximately 25.21–31.08 tCO₂ per hectare sequestrated in living biomass when QMD approaches the reference level (25.4 cm).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125992"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of biochar application on sponge function, water erosion, and vegetation cover in a Mediterranean vineyard soil","authors":"Behrouz Gholamahmadi ,&nbsp;Oscar Gonzalez Pelayo ,&nbsp;Suyan Isaka ,&nbsp;Isabel Campos ,&nbsp;Martinho Martins ,&nbsp;Ana Catarina Bastos ,&nbsp;Marjan Jongen ,&nbsp;Frank G.A. Verheijen","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable land management in Mediterranean vineyards faces several challenges, including land degradation, drought, and climate change impacts, often exacerbated by extreme weather events. We hypothesised that biochar enhances the soil sponge function, i.e. a combination of infiltration and retention of rainwater, thus promoting vegetation growth, and that this can be considered an indirect mechanism to reduce runoff and soil erosion. To address these hypotheses, we conducted a random-block design box lysimeter experiment from September 2019 to October 2020 under natural rainfall conditions at a slope gradient of 14.4. A Regosol soil type with sandy loam texture collected from the Bairrada's Denomination of Origin region (Central Portugal) was used. Soil treatments consisted of untreated soil as the control and woody biochar-amended soil with the maximum sustainable concentration of 4 % (w/w), both sown with a biodiverse pasture seed mixture. Biochar reduced runoff and soil erosion (fine earth fragment) by 50 % and 58 %. There was an improvement in soil physical and hydrological properties, i.e. bulk density decreased by 13.1 %, enhancing soil sponge function involving increasing water infiltration and soil water content by 50 % and 59 %. Soil water repellency only in the biochar-amended treatment remained within wettable conditions. The vegetation cover and aboveground biomass increased by 263 % and 198 %, respectively, due to an increase in soil pH to neutral conditions, improvement of essential nutrients (NPK) and the reduction of toxicity in biochar amendments. This study offers a practical strategy for sustainable soil management against traditional approaches, especially the observed biochar-vegetation synergy during hydrological seasonality (dry to wet conditions) in Mediterranean vineyards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125916"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An efficient sequential method for enhanced landfill leachate treatment and detoxification: Electrocoagulation/permanganate, peroxymonosulfate-based process, and electro-peroxone","authors":"Maryam Hosseinikhah ,&nbsp;Mohamad Ghalebizade ,&nbsp;Aydin Hassani ,&nbsp;Kourosh Behzadian ,&nbsp;Stanisław Wacławek ,&nbsp;Kun-Yi Andrew Lin ,&nbsp;Farshid Ghanbari","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the electrocoagulation/permanganate (EC/PM) process as a pre-treatment, followed by UV-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and electro-peroxone (EP) treatments. This sequence is designed to effectively mineralize organic matter. Notably, PM was integrated into the EC process for the first time to enhance removal efficiency. The iron sludge generated from the EC/PM process (sludge-derived electrocoagulation; SDEC) was repurposed as a cost-effective source of iron oxide in the PMS/SDEC/UV treatment. Treatment optimization was achieved by adjusting the main operating parameters. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess the biodegradability and toxicity of the leachate post-treatment, including measurements of COD, BOD, TOC, ammonia levels, average oxidation state, biodegradability, organic carbon content, and spectroscopic methods. The results demonstrated substantial removal efficiencies across the treatment stages, with 98.9 % for COD, 94.9 % for BOD, 96.4 % for TOC, and 97.7 % for ammonia. Spectroscopic changes indicated that the leachate was broken down into smaller, more oxidized, and highly acidic molecules with an increased aliphatic structure while effectively eliminating aromatic compounds. The BOD₅/COD ratio improved to 0.55, indicating that the treated leachate is suitable for biological treatment processes with significantly reduced toxicity. Overall, the sequence of treatment processes yielded promising results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125785"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced deep denitrification for high-salinity wastewater treatment by constructing biofilm-based technology","authors":"Kun Ding ,&nbsp;Shan Yang ,&nbsp;Hao Hu ,&nbsp;Zhenghao Li ,&nbsp;Haoran Duan ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Yankun Liu ,&nbsp;Guoping Sheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofilm-based technologies, particularly the sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR), have emerged as a robust solution for high-salinity wastewater treatment. However, there were contradiction in the performance on high-salinity wastewater treatment of suspended carrier and fibrous carrier in SBBR. Additionally, it was seldom that biofilm formation, recovery capability, and pollutant removal for different carriers were systematically studied during the gradually increasing salinity condition. Therefore, two SBBR reactors were operated with two different shapes of carriers (suspended carrier and fibrous carrier) in treating high-salinity wastewater with gradually increasing salinity from 0.5 % to 2 % in this study. The results showed that under increasing salinity, the removal capacity of fibrous carrier group (R2) and suspended carrier group (R1) for COD and TIN far surpasses that of the conventional activated sludge group (R3). Under 2 % salinity, the removal rates of COD in R1 and R2 achieved 83.9 % and 84.8 %, and those of TIN in R1 and R2 reached 81.7 % and 81.0 %, respectively. Meanwhile, under increasing salinity conditions, the R2 group demonstrated a significantly higher COD and NH₄⁺-N removal speed per single operational cycle compared to R1 group. The primary reason was that the excessive secretion of EPS and increased protein-like components in the R2 group enhanced its biofilm adaptability under high-salinity conditions, thereby facilitating the enrichment of salt-tolerant functional microbial communities (e.g., <em>Pseudofulvimonas</em>). Finally, when applied to actual high-salinity pickle wastewater, the fibrous carrier demonstrated superior performance (e.g., COD removal efficiency of 93 %, TIN removal efficiency of 95 %) due to its efficient partial nitrification and denitrification, and lower energy consumption costs. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of new biofilm-based technology as a promising solution for high-salinity wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125980"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking informal social interaction to residents’ pro-environmental behaviors: Evidence and implications for environmental policy making","authors":"Xiaojuan Cao ,&nbsp;Fangyuan Zhong ,&nbsp;Mengbing Du","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pro-environmental behavior plays a pivotal role in shaping effective environmental policy making. As an integral part of residents’ everyday life, informal social interaction exerts a significant influence on individuals’ pro-environmental behaviors. Utilizing data from the CGSS 2021, we employed regression models to analyze how informal social interactions influence pro-environmental behaviors in public and private domains. The sample comprises 2741 respondents, covering diverse backgrounds in gender, education, political status, religious beliefs and socioeconomic status. The results show that informal social interaction significantly promotes pro-environmental behaviors in both public and private domains, though its impact varies by gender, political affiliation, socioeconomic status, and religious belief. Women, due to their greater caregiving responsibilities, are more likely to engage in private-sphere pro-environmental behaviors under the influence of informal social networks. Among CPC members, informal social interaction is associated with greater participation in public environmental actions, likely driven by image management incentives. Conversely, its influence on public-sphere behavior among religious individuals is limited, reflecting the distinctive nature of religious practice in China. Moreover, individuals with higher socioeconomic status are more responsive to informal social cues in the public environmental domain, exhibiting stronger engagement. In the private domain, informal social interaction fosters pro-environmental behavior by enhancing environmental knowledge and risk perception. However, in the public domain, risk perception fails to mediate this relationship, as individuals with heightened risk awareness often question the efficacy of personal actions, leading to reduced participation. This research provides valuable insights for environmental policy-making and contributes to the understanding of factors influencing pro-environmental behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125923"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the network structure of virtual water trade among China's cities","authors":"Liping Wang ,&nbsp;Zhouyi Liu ,&nbsp;Yunlei She ,&nbsp;Yiyi Cao ,&nbsp;Mimi Gong ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Shen Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A virtual water trade system based on a multiregional input-output (MRIO) model has been regarded as a network with regions as nodes and virtual water flows between regions as the directional, weighted links. Therefore, exploring the network structure can provide additional insights for understanding how the virtual water trade system works. This study employs the integration of the MRIO model and the complex network theory to investigate the network structure of the virtual water system for trade among China's cities, which has not been well understood. Results show that the virtual water trade system is relatively robust to shocks (e.g., droughts) from certain cities, but it has not yet achieved optimal efficiency in virtual water distribution as the volume of virtual water exchanges among cities increases in a highly nonlinear way with the increase of their trade connections. Results also show that the virtual water network can be divided into 14 communities, each of which is constituted by strongly connected cities and shows spatial structure in virtual water transfers. Cities with higher virtual water flows play a more important role in linking upstream and downstream for virtual water exchange, and those with larger virtual water exports are more likely to transfer virtual water to others closely and quickly. With a structured, quantitative characterization of the city-level virtual water network, this study can facilitate the development of effective strategies for China's water resource management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125968"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the microenvironment of tracking photovoltaic systems promotes soil organic carbon accumulation by mediating plant carbon inputs and microbial necromass retention","authors":"Siqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jirui Gong ,&nbsp;Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Zheng ,&nbsp;Weiyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuede Dong ,&nbsp;Yuxia Hu ,&nbsp;Guisen Yang ,&nbsp;Chenyi Yan ,&nbsp;Shangpeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruijing Wang ,&nbsp;Tong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic systems greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the microenvironmental changes of photovoltaic modules affect soil organic carbon (SOC) and improve carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems to mitigate global climate change is unclear. We analyzed the effects of different photovoltaic systems on SOC and its fractions in semi-arid grassland, and revealed the SOC formation and stability mechanisms. Tracking photovoltaic systems increased carbon stock, especially proportion of mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) in SOC by more than 10 %, and depended on the responses of plant inputs and microbial necromass to microenvironmental changes. Suitable amounts of light and water in the systems improved litter biomass and quality, and promoted MAOC accumulation by increasing the exogenous carbon supply and microbial activity. Such systems also reduced soil carbon loss by reducing heterotrophic respiration caused by low levels of organic acids and recruiting effective microorganisms such as <em>Schizothecium</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em>. Moreover, changes in litter and root exudates promoted microbial biomass and enzyme activity, mediating the retention of microbial necromass and SOC. The contribution of bacterial necromass carbon to SOC increased by more than 8.5 %. However, fixed photovoltaic systems reduced soil carbon stock by 0.46 kg m⁻² due to water limitations that decreased both plant carbon inputs and microbial necromass. Our results revealed the importance of plant inputs and microbial necromass in regulating SOC in photovoltaic systems, and demonstrated that photovoltaic systems can achieve synergies between CO₂ emission reduction and soil carbon sequestration. This provides new insights for formulating carbon management policy and promoting sustainable eco-economic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125937"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical modelling of the impact of drainage system clogging on urban flood processes","authors":"Xiaojie Wang ,&nbsp;Junqiang Xia ,&nbsp;Jiheng Feng ,&nbsp;Boliang Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drainage systems are an important infrastructure for reducing the degree of urban flooding, and clogging of street inlets or pipes is one of the important factors to influence the urban drainage capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of drainage system clogging on urban flood processes. This study proposed a coupled 1D/2D hydrodynamic model to comprehensively analyze the response mechanisms of urban flooding to varying degrees and locations of drainage system clogging. First, the hydrodynamic model was constructed by integrating the 1D pipe network module of Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) with the 2D surface runoff module. Then the model was validated through a laboratory experiment of urban flooding in a typical urban street with drainage systems. Finally, the model was used for simulating urban floods in Qingshan district of Wuhan city, and the impacts of street inlet clogging and pipe clogging on urban flood processes were discussed. The results show that: (i) the model-predicted surface water levels and pipe discharges closely matched experimental results, with NSE values exceeding 0.92; (ii) with the increase in the rainfall return period, a significant increase was found in the inundation area, the number of surcharged pipes and surcharged junctions, and the underground pipe network would reach its maximum surcharge at an earlier time; (iii) both flood inundation area and inundation depth exhibited increasing trends due to the drainage system clogging, with flood severity rising proportionally to the clogging degree. Specifically, 14 % and 15 % of the study area showed an increase in the inundation depth of above 0.01 m under the scenarios of half-clogging street inlets and pipes, as compared with the unclogged scenario. Moreover, the zones severely influenced by the clogging of street inlets and pipes were mainly located in the regions with the surcharged pipes and junctions under the unclogged scenario. The results can provide the scientific basis for urban drainage system construction and flood risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125969"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geospatial and socioeconomic factors of PFAS contamination in private drinking water wells: Insights for monitoring and management","authors":"Kelly Kosiarski ,&nbsp;Tamie L. Veith ,&nbsp;Faith A. Kibuye ,&nbsp;Jennifer Fetter ,&nbsp;Susan Boser ,&nbsp;John P. Vanden Heuvel ,&nbsp;Cheryl L. Thompson ,&nbsp;Heather E. Preisendanz","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to limited regulation of private wells, individuals who rely on wells as a potable water supply frequently face significant challenges in ensuring safe drinking water. Widespread occurrences of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater increase these challenges and pose additional threats to public health. Addressing these challenges requires an understanding of the geophysical factors influencing PFAS contamination and the socioeconomic conditions that shape access to resources for testing and mitigation. This study evaluates both within a more densely sampled region than previous studies to increase our understanding of PFAS contamination. Over a three-year period (2021–2023), a community-science campaign sampled 167 private wells across the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States (120,000 km²) with 13 wells re-sampled in a subsequent year to assess variability of the PFAS concentrations between sampling periods. Overall, 65 % of the private wells were found to have detectable levels of PFAS, with perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) detected most frequently, in 52 % and 47 % of the wells, respectively. Eighteen percent of the wells exceeded at least one health-related maximum contaminant level. The percentage of developed land and the Socioeconomic Score correlated positively with PFAS concentration for individual wells and PFAS concentrations varied significantly between samplings. At the county level, developed land and total point sources were positively correlated with detection frequency but Socioeconomic Score was not. Results highlight the importance of both temporal and spatial sampling to understand PFAS drivers. Targeted outreach and sampling of socioeconomically marginalized communities should be prioritized in future private well monitoring efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"388 ","pages":"Article 125863"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ability of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to degrade saxitoxin-, microcystin-, anatoxin-, and non-toxin-producing strains of the harmful cyanobacterium, Dolichospermum.","authors":"Christopher J Gobler, Benjamin J Kramer, Mark W Lusty, John Thraen, Sarah McTague","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) has been used to mitigate cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs), yet little is known about how H₂O₂ affects specific CHAB-forming genera as well as cyanotoxins beyond microcystin. This project examined the dose-dependent effects of H₂O₂ on six strains of Dolichospermum spp. including those that produce saxitoxin, anatoxin-a, and microcystin. Beyond toxins, this study quantified changes in photosynthetic efficiency, cell density, H₂O₂ concentration, and N₂-fixation rates. All strains were sensitive to H₂O₂ with responses being dependent on dose (0-30 mg L^-1) of H₂O₂, cell density, and strain. At 1 × 10⁵ cells mL^-1, 4 mg H₂O₂ L^-1 significantly reduced cell density, photosynthetic efficiency, toxins, and N₂-fixation rates of all strains (p < 0.05 for all compared to controls). At 1 × 10⁶ cells mL^-1, however, higher doses of H₂O₂ were needed to reduce one or more of the variables, with some strains unaffected by as much as 15 mg L^-1, a concentration known to harm zooplankton and invertebrates. While H₂O₂ degraded anatoxin-a at all cell densities and doses, at 1 × 10⁶ cells mL^-1 neither microcystin nor saxitoxin were significantly degraded after four days, even by 15 mg H₂O₂ L^-1, despite significant reduction in Dolichospermum cell densities. This finding suggests that during dense Dolichospermum blooms, H₂O₂ treatment may destroy cells but may concurrently liberate saxitoxin or microcystin that persists in the water column and enters food webs. Collectively, this study demonstrated that although H₂O₂ can efficiently lyse Dolichospermum cells, doses needed to mitigate dense blooms of all strain types (≥15 mg L^-1) may harm non-target organisms and may not effectively degrade saxitoxin and microcystin.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"387 ","pages":"125696"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}