{"title":"Comparison on losses and flux distribution between two 3-phase distribution transformers 1000KVA assembled with air gap and without air gap of transformer core lamination","authors":"I. Daut, D. Ahmad, S. Zakaria, S. Taib","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603874","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the result of an investigation on the effect of air gap of core lamination in two 3-phase distribution transformers 1000 kVA. The investigation involves the variation of power loss, building factor, the third harmonic distortion and flux leakages. The power loss and flux distribution have been measured using no load test in two types of model of setting of core built from the same size and type of M5 (CGO) grades material of laminations. And the loss of the transformer core without air gap of layer joint of core lamination is 2.75% better than the loss of the transformer core with air gap of layer joint of core lamination at 1.7 T, 50 Hz. The flux leakage at the corner joint in the core without air gap of layer joint of lamination is lower than that in the transformer core with air gap of layer joint of lamination, over the whole flux density range. The third harmonic distortion of flux is smaller in the transformer core without air gap of layer joint of lamination and larger in the transformer core with air gap of layer joint of core lamination. Using the type without air gap of layer joint of lamination in transformer core is more efficient than the other types of transformer core lamination.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132862960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The performance of Cellular system in using Bunched concept","authors":"A. N. Mohamad, M. Ismail, Z.B.B. Zamani","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603853","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will discuss about the performance of cellular system using bunched concept. In a bunch, a limited number of remote antenna units are connected to central unit. They are connected through a high speed communication link using fiber optics. The concept can be implemented easily since only remote antenna unit will be in the coverage area. Using Matlab software, a simulation scenario was developed based on Manhattan grid topology. This paper discuss the performance of cellular in terms of the grade of service for different channel assignment either DCA or FCA scheme.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"23 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133135885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation study of carbon nanotube x-ray tube structure","authors":"H. Choi, J. Kim","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603870","url":null,"abstract":"An X-ray source, which is based on the field emission electron source, is being currently developed by using carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) for the applications to biological, medical and material diagnostic technology fields. In the design of triode type X-ray sources, the fine beam focus is important to acquire high resolution X-ray image. Therefore, the geometrical parameters such as electrode shapes and distances between each part must be optimized. In this study, four different shapes of triode structures were simulated and the beam focusing performances were presented according to voltage conditions of each triode parts. Results show that the concave shape cathode structure shows the best spot size and structural simplicity among the tested in this study.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115138666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. A. Saeed, N. C. Kyun, Hafizal Mohamad, Borhanuddin Mohd. Ali
{"title":"Hybrid automatic repeat request for WiMAX - mobile multi-hop relay using co-channel cancellation","authors":"R. A. Saeed, N. C. Kyun, Hafizal Mohamad, Borhanuddin Mohd. Ali","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603909","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless mesh network is currently attracting much attention as a new wireless broadband access technology due to numerous benefits. This work proposes a power control scheme for WiMAX multihop relay system. In contrast to existing power control and optimization approaches, our proposed method uses an adaptive power control (APC) approach for a relay station to reduce interferences to other mobile station (MS) or relay station (RS) within the same cell and hence increase the number of hops per link and consequently maximize the spatial reuse. The proposed power control is applied to a new dynamic HARQ algorithm for adaptive channel quality enhancement. Simulation results have indicated that the proposed approach achieves superior BER/PER performance enhancement in comparison to previous related works.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126923615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FDTD analysis of distributed amplifiers based on the fully distributed model","authors":"R. Mirzavand, A. Abdipour, A. A. Shishegar","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603907","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a wave approach has been introduced to study the performance of a distributed amplifier. The time domain response of a FET is obtained by means of the fully distributed model. By applying the procedure to a pi-gate GaAs MESFET, the S matrix is computed from time domain results over a frequency range of 2-20 GHz. Scattering parameters of gate and drain lines are extracted from three-dimensional FDTD simulation. The result obtained by this wave approach is compared with device lumped model and Quasi static approach of transmission line.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116441342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D simulation and measurements of free space characterization for silicon wafers at K-band","authors":"N. Baba, M. Khalid, R. A. Awang","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603979","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the 3D simulation and measurements of free space characterization for the complex permittivity of p-type and n-type doped silicon wafers at K-band. The component of this free space measurement system (FSMM) consists of Millitech series GOA Gaussian optics lens antennas, vector network analyzer (VNA) and a high performance workstation. The antennas were modeled and simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. The thru, reflect and line (TRL) calibration technique were used to eliminate the effect of undesirable multiple reflections. The simulation and measurement results are presented where good agreements are observed.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122920638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Subramaniam, S. Husin, Y. binti Yusop, A. Hamidon
{"title":"Real time mailbox alert system via SMS or email","authors":"S. Subramaniam, S. Husin, Y. binti Yusop, A. Hamidon","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603963","url":null,"abstract":"Upon receiving new mails or letters in their mailbox, most users do not get notified of this fact. They have to speculatively and periodically check their mailbox contents. In most events, the users are neglectful on checking their mailbox. This at times may lead towards the ignorance of important letters and results in various miseries. Most of the multi story buildings such as apartments, condominiums, office buildings etc limit the users on limited visits to check or collect their letters due to the centralize mailbox location. Users find convenient to be on alert of mails they receive to overwrite the conventional method of checking mailbox. Because of the high confidentiality and official letters are increasing as a corresponding tool globally, the users seek for a better solution which enables them to be on their toes each time a mail is delivered. The state of the art electronics technology is incorporated into these conventional mailboxes as a solution. The programmable logic controller, interface module and the GSM modem can be incorporated by linking the userpsilas mailbox with short messaging system or email facilities and this enables the users to be notified whenever a new mail is delivered. Mails delivered into the users mailbox, the system will automatically generate an alert which is send in the form of a short message system or email that typically details the real time of mail delivery. The system is designed to easy human life by sending short messaging system or email to notify the users about important new mails reaching their mailbox. This is likely to be a fast growing and popular application for short messaging system and email towards the mankind.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114501483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A modern bandpass microstrip filter with spurious response suppression and size reduction","authors":"A. Simon, Lim Kuang Yaw","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603860","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a modern bandpass filter using a capacitively stepped impedance resonator (CSIR) is examined using analytical formulations to design a filter in the S-band for spurious frequency relocation and size reduction. A prototype filter is designed at 3.35 GHz with significant spurious suppression up to 31 and 23-dB at frequencies 6.70 and 10.05 GHz respectively. A circuit size reduction of about 40% is achieved when compared to a hair-pin filter and more than 86% when compared to an edge-coupled bandpass filter configuration with comparable passband performance and superior out-of-band suppression.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129054392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimum packet size of voice packet in the FIFO adversarial queuing model","authors":"A. Muhammed, K. M. Saleh, A. Abdullah","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603856","url":null,"abstract":"First-in-First-out (FIFO) is one of the simplest queuing policies used to provide best effort services in packet-switched network. However, the performance of FIFO is really crucial when it related to stability i.e. question of whether there is a bound on the total size of packets in the network at all times. In this study, our main objective is to find the optimum packet size of voice packet when using FIFO scheduling policy. Our approach is based on adversarial generation of packets so that positive results are more robust in that they do not depend on particular probabilistic assumptions about the input sequences. In this paper, we proposed the FIFO scheduling technique that uses adversarial queuing model to find the optimum packet size of voice packet in FIFO network. Although the simulation results show that the average packet loss is increase when the arrival packet is increased, the average packet delay is improved as compared to FIFO M/M/1 technique, studied by (Phalgun, 2003). This algorithm can be utilized for transmitting voice packet over IP.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"276 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130665224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ionospheric TEC and scintillation during the 15–16 May 2005 major storm over equatorial anomaly region at ARAU","authors":"A. Hasbi, M. Ali, N. Misran","doi":"10.1109/APACE.2007.4603858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APACE.2007.4603858","url":null,"abstract":"The ionospheric TEC and scintillation measurements were investigated at ARAU, Malaysia station based on GPS measurements during major storm on 15-16 May 2005. The major storm was observed for the period from 12 to 17 May 2005 and was accompanied by a moderate solar activity with F10.7 > 100 and SSN > 100. The maximum readings of geomagnetic indices Dst, Kp and Ap recorded by the World Data Centre (WDC) are -263 nT, 9 and 105 respectively. The solar wind index, Bz showed a sharp incursion to the south with a peak reaching -37 nT. The 15-16 May 2005 storm has only one SSC and is the most intense storm recorded during the solar minimum 2005. The results show pronounced phase and amplitude scintillations and sudden increase in TEC is clearly observed during the storm. The peak phase scintillation recorded during the storm is 0.19 m and the measured amplitude scintillation and S4 index on both L1 and L2 bands are > 13 dB-Hz and > 0.7 respectively.","PeriodicalId":356424,"journal":{"name":"2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123923231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}