Electricity Journal最新文献

{"title":"Energy storage as a transmission asset: Definitions and use cases","authors":"Jeremy Twitchell","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is growing interest in deploying energy storage as a transmission asset (SATA), as evidenced by an evolving body of supportive policies and regulations and an expanding body of literature on the topic. Despite nearly two decades of evolution, however, transmission planning processes in the United States rarely consider storage alternatives and only a handful of projects have been selected. Regulators have assigned the responsibility of proposing non-transmission alternatives to non-utility participants in the planning process, so the sparse record of SATA projects may therefore result from a lack of specificity about the use cases for SATA and uncertainty about when it should be proposed. Extensive literature has been devoted to the topic of SATA, but much of it relies on definitions that are inconsistent with regulatory precedent and that exacerbate confusion. This paper reviews regulatory proceedings to define three types of energy storage assets than can interact with the transmission system: storage <u>as</u> a transmission asset, storage <u>in place of</u> a transmission asset (SIPTA), and <u>dual-use</u> energy storage. It then provides an inventory of use cases for SATA and SIPTA projects, using brief case studies to illustrate each use case. By clarifying the definition of SATA and its roles in transmission system planning, this work may be of use to transmission system planners and other participants in transmission planning processes to identify situations in which SATA alternatives merit consideration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What FERC should do to enable interregional electric transmission","authors":"Robert H. Schulte,&nbsp;Raymond J. Wahle","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) on May 13, 2024 issued its Order 1920: “Building for the Future Through Electric Regional Transmission Planning and Cost Allocation”. Years in the making and building on its previous Order 1000 and others, this 1363-page Order is being hailed as a landmark in promoting needed electric transmission development in the United States going forward. While establishing needed detailed requirements for transmission planning <em>within</em> regions, the Order stopped short of addressing <em>interregional</em> planning other than identifying issues related to it.</div><div>Expanding on the traditional concept of <em>intra</em>regional transmission planning, <em>inter</em>regional planning offers advanced benefits including reduced production (fuel) costs, improved generation capacity sharing, increased clean energy supplies, reduced renewables curtailment, and improved reliability and resiliency by providing transmission support between regions.</div><div>On a parallel path, Congress has recently become very active in efforts related to encouraging interregional transmission. Multiple bills have been introduced the past two years, addressing permitting reform, requirements for interregional planning, specification of minimum interregional transfer capacity, and offering investment tax credits, among other topics. While Order 1920 is now subject to numerous appeals and lawsuits that will take time to be resolved, and the Congressional bills remain to be potentially combined and passed, these are all positive signs for interregional transmission development going forward.</div><div>Meanwhile, the authors have been engaged the past several years in working with multiple utilities toward development of the Power from the Prairie (PftP) interregional transmission project (www.powerfromtheprairie.com). While these utilities whom the authors recruited are a select few who can think outside their service territories toward potential interregional collaboration, significant challenges and obstacles still exist. These represent the real-world issues of whether interregional transmission can actually occur.</div><div>This article combines the content of FERC Order 1920 and the various Congressional bills with the on-the-ground experience with utilities thinking about doing interregional transmission. The authors conclude that there is much more FERC can and should do going beyond Order 1920, in concert with Congress and others, to enable interregional transmission development to happen. A “Road Map” of potential next actions by FERC is suggested. In addition, the need to form a new entity that takes a more holistic interregional transmission planning view to overcome current industry inertia is also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The political economy of electricity market coupling: Comparing experiences from Europe and the United States","authors":"Giulia Ragosa","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advancing the integration of neighbouring power markets is widely identified in the literature as a key enabler of power system efficiency, flexibility, and variable renewable energy integration. Nonetheless, the existing economic literature offers only partial explanations of why greater market integration is difficult to achieve in the real world despite its evident advantages in terms of overall welfare, supply security, and competitiveness. It is argued that power market coupling is an inherently political process involving significant institutional contestation and adaptation, and hence requires a more nuanced political analysis to be fully understood. This paper adds to the existing literature by conducting a comparative political economy analysis of electricity market coupling processes in Britain, Italy, and California, spanning from 2013 to 2021. It seeks to unpack how differences in the political economy contexts of these jurisdictions influenced the electricity market coupling process with their respective neighbouring systems. The analysis draws on 86 key policy documents, and 53 in-depth interviews with senior power system stakeholders in the three jurisdictions. Results widely align with claims in the political economy literature that market coupling outcomes do not simply reflect the most efficient solution. While all three jurisdictions have shown a commitment to enhance regional integration of short-term wholesale energy markets, there is considerable variation in policy outcomes, particularly the extent to which different segments of the market have been coupled. These differences can largely be attributed to variations in the political economy contexts of the three jurisdictions, including multi-level governance structures, diplomatic relations with neighbouring countries, and interactions with national political priorities and contexts. The main implications for the governance of electricity market coupling are discussed in the conclusion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040619024000654/pdfft?md5=291c4971dda58240b6ffdfbaf7a1c05e&pid=1-s2.0-S1040619024000654-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dependency and diversity – Electricity transition and security in the Visegrad Group countries (V4)","authors":"László Berényi ,&nbsp;Éva Pintér ,&nbsp;Nikolett Deutsch","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acceleration of the green transition is one of the prime overarching goals of the European Union, in which a specific role is allocated to renewable-based power generation. This paper examines the impact of energy transition plans on the long-term electricity security levels of the Visegrad Countries (V4). The analysis includes a calculation of Simplified Supply-Demand Index (SSDI) scores based on the official forecast of the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E). Results indicate that the level of electricity security is expected to diminish in the V4 countries. Simulation-based sensitivity analyses were also conducted to highlight that SSDI scores are especially sensitive to the vulnerability of supply, infrastructure, and demand categories within the composite index.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040619024000745/pdfft?md5=50735b30c2519b8e8f84021b7c642d95&pid=1-s2.0-S1040619024000745-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the cost of equity for performance based regulation: Important consequences from finance theory","authors":"David Havyatt,&nbsp;David Johnstone","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>All forms of economic regulation rely on observing the regulated firm’s costs which necessitates estimating the firm’s cost of capital including the cost of equity. Performance-based regulation (PBR) combines increased efficiency incentives with explicit performance-achievement rewards. It is attracting both increasing academic attention and greater application in electricity regulation. The standard textbook approaches to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) incorrectly describe the asset beta as simply a measure of risk. More correctly, it is a measure of risk per unit of expected return. This interpretation makes the use of the CAPM to determine allowed rates of return problematic. The incentives in Performance Based Regulation exacerbate this problem. Regulators who base part of their decision on \"judgement\" should rely more on that judgement and develop approaches that focus on regulatory, rather than market, outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking trends in secondary battery technologies: A model based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers","authors":"Hanjun Shin,&nbsp;Juyong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Battery technology is widely used in various aspects of modern life, and efficient energy storage is becoming increasingly crucial. Secondary battery technology is continuously developing, and its market value is increasing. Therefore, data analysis is essential for the continued growth of technology in this field. Patent data is commonly analysed to identify technological trends, providing valuable information for technological innovation and competitiveness. Compared to traditional topic modelling techniques based on word occurrence frequency, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) demonstrates superior natural language processing results in generating contextual word and sentence vector representations by considering the semantic similarities of the text. Therefore, this study utilised this model to extract topics. From a total of 6218 patent data, this study extracted core topics and the main keywords for secondary battery technologies between 2013 and 2022 were lithium-ion, electric vehicles, unmanned air vehicles, and solar panels, confirming the accuracy of BERT-based patent analysis. Additionally, this study selected the topics and present their main concepts and trend analysis to provide insights into future research on secondary battery technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heatwaves and hardship: Shortcomings and solutions for enhancing the low income home energy assistance program to mitigate extreme heat and energy insecurity","authors":"Daniel Carrión ,&nbsp;Diana Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) must adapt and evolve to keep pace with the challenges posed by climate change and increased economic strain. Urgent action is needed to improve LIHEAP to effectively address extreme heat and energy insecurity faced by low-income households and protect the health and well-being of disadvantaged groups spurred by climate change. In evaluating LIHEAP’s shortcomings, we demonstrate that there is a substantial gap between program eligibility and enrollment, such that many households are not receiving this vital benefit or do so mainly when facing a crisis. We also show that LIHEAP funds overwhelmingly support cold-weather states even as record-breaking heat is a critical stressor. The spatial mismatch we unveil shows that southern states receive less LIHEAP funds despite higher cooling degree days and higher rates of energy insecurity. The importance of swift action based on sound data and up-to-date research can enhance the efficacy of LIHEAP, expand its reach, and ultimately improve the living conditions of millions of energy insecure households. We offer several recommendations to improve LIHEAP to ensure that this critical lifeline program remains an effective tool to mitigate energy insecurity and safeguard livelihoods in the face of extreme heat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical infrastructure organisational resilience assessment: A case study of Malawi’s power grid operator","authors":"Joyce Nyuma Chivunga ,&nbsp;Zhengyu Lin ,&nbsp;Richard Blanchard","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a comprehensive assessment of organisational resilience within Malawi's power grid operator, linking resilience parameters, indicators, and capacities through a detailed case study. Utilising interviews and questionnaires, resilience parameters were obtained. Twenty resilience indicators were identified from established and documented research and were categorised into five distinct capacities: preventive and mitigative, anticipative, absorptive, adaptive, and transformative. This approach addresses a significant gap in the literature on organisational resilience, which often focuses predominantly on adaptive capacity. Our analysis compared resilience strengths and weaknesses, revealing a predominance of the latter, with financial constraint identified as a universal challenge across all capacities. Particularly, the transformative capacity exhibited the largest gaps between strengths and weaknesses, underscoring the operator's challenges in responding to severe disruptions. The findings suggest that resilience in the context of Malawi's power grid operator extends beyond operational capabilities, highlighting the critical importance of robust infrastructure to enhance the overall resilience framework. This work offers practical insights for policymakers and infrastructure managers, particularly in developing countries facing similar challenges. It calls for a strategic realignment towards bolstering transformative capacity and securing financial resources, enhancing critical infrastructure resilience, and underlining these proposed actions' urgency and importance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040619024000629/pdfft?md5=53e317d27361b840de2787cf4eb7a54c&pid=1-s2.0-S1040619024000629-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142058057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential electricity efficiency and implications for Vietnam's clean energy transition","authors":"Lam Do,&nbsp;Le Viet Phu","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vietnam’s electricity consumption relative to its average national income per capita is significantly higher than that of similar countries like India or China. Current electricity use is not sustainable and in the future may threaten energy supply security. Of the total electricity consumption, the residential sector accounts for up to a third, making it a critical component for policy interventions. We employ a stochastic frontier model and three rounds of nationally representative household living standards surveys from 2014 to 2018 to measure residential electricity efficiency and its determinants in Vietnam. Our result shows that the average electricity efficiency in Vietnam is approximately 75 %. We then discuss Vietnam’s potential electricity savings and recommend improvements which will be necessary if Vietnam wants to accelerate its long-term clean and sustainable energy prospects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142095241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Folding community engagement into decision making: A continuous process to increase equity in the energy system","authors":"Rebecca Tapio,&nbsp;Juliet Homer,&nbsp;Kendall Mongird,&nbsp;Jason Eisdorfer","doi":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tej.2024.107442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilities and state energy regulators have historically incorporated community participation late in the process of creating programs and policies, often after most or all decisions have already been made. As more organizations seek to address energy inequity, they have engaged stakeholders in a variety of ways and at different stages of program development with varying levels of success. In this paper, we propose a continuous participation and feedback approach to system equity improvements and evaluation that incorporates engagement in planning and decision making processes as an integrated cycle. We provide example methods for increasing participation, developing structures and processes to receive and incorporate feedback, and measuring outcomes. Equity outcomes are particularly difficult to measure due to the impact of other socioeconomic and historic conditions, as well as the qualitative nature of experiences of inequity. To identify a set of equity outcomes that can be impacted by increased participation, we examine the relationship between regulators, utilities, and the community, and propose that folding engagement and continuous feedback into the normal functions of these organizations can improve the outcomes for energy system users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35642,"journal":{"name":"Electricity Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}