Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology最新文献

{"title":"The Threat in our Endotracheal Tubes: Phthalates","authors":"Ş. M. Aksoy, E. Erkılıç, Ebru Ayöztürk","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.47887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.47887","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70676290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of In Vitro Activities of Cefiderocol, Imipenem/Relebactam and other Antibiotics against Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates","authors":"H. Mirza, Gizem İnce Ceviz","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.79095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.79095","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Carbapenems are commonly used in treatment of severe infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa . However, carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates have increased in recent years and have become a public health threat. The objective of this study was to compare in vitro activities of cefiderocol, imipenem/relebactam and other antibiotics against clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa . Methods: A total of 92 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates (all isolates were resistant to imipenem according to both CLSI and EUCAST; all isolates were resistant to meropenem according to CLSI; 84 isolates were resistant and 8 isolates were ‘I - Susceptible, increased meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and ceftazidime were determined by gradient diffusion method. Results were interpreted according to CLSI and EUCAST criteria. Results: The most active antibiotic tested against isolates were cefiderocol. All isolates were susceptible to cefiderocol using CLSI criteria, whereas 97.8% of isolates were susceptible to cefiderocol using EUCAST criteria. Gentamicin was the most active antibiotic after cefiderocol. Eighty-seven percent of isolates were susceptible to gentamicin. The imipenem/relebactam susceptibility rate among isolates were 66.3% and 73.9% according to CLSI and EUCAST criteria, respectively. Levofloxacin showed the lowest in vitro activity against isolates. The levofloxacin resistance rate among isolates were 70.7% and 82.6% according to CLSI and EUCAST criteria, respectively. Conclusion: Cefiderocol may be an option for treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa .","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70677699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal regulations regarding new and developing nicotine and tobacco products in Turkey","authors":"B. Eke, Yunus Yüce","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.36974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.36974","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization (WHO) defined the use of tobacco products as a preventable global epidemic. WHO has determined the policy topics that countries should implement to prevent this epidemic, known as MPOWER for short. It follows the activities of countries for these topics and publishes them in annual reports. As a result of the studies carried out under the leadership of WHO, the use of tobacco products by countries has decreased. The use of tobacco products, which was 32.7% in the world in 2000, is expected to decrease to 20.4% in 2025. In our country, it is predicted to decrease from 32.9% to 29.9% in the same way. Our country has successfully implemented the policy package within the scope of WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, and as a result, it has become one of the two countries that fully implemented MPOWER measures at the highest level of success. Companies that manufacture and sell tobacco products have launched new products in the face of these developments. The most popular of these products are Electronic Nicotine/ Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS/ENNDS) and Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs). The fact that the target audience of these new products is mostly 13 years old and over and their rapid spread among young people has led to the opening of new fronts in the war against tobacco. The rapid spread of new products was influenced by the fact that their appearance was designed to attract young people, presented as an alternative to cigarettes, and created a perception of less harm. Studies have shown that these products are not harmless. WHO has stated that reducing the damage does not reduce the risk in terms of human health. The second most important factor affecting the use is the different perspectives and legal regulations of countries on these new products. While some countries have banned it, some countries have allowed its sale. This review aims to provide detailed In this review, about the legal regulations made in our country regarding novel and emerging nicotine and tobacco products.","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70676159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of DOCA-salt Model without Nephrectomy on Blood Pressure, Heart and Kidney Functions","authors":"N. Bal, Orhan Uludağ, E. Demirel Yilmaz","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.43925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.43925","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Hypertension is one of the common cardiovascular diseases in which many factors play a role in its development. The deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt model is an experimental model that is widely used in the investigation of the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. Although this model can successfully mimic essential hypertension in humans, both the rate and magnitude of blood pressure increase with unilateral nephrectomy does not fully reflects the clinical situation in most hypertensive patients. In this study, it was investigated the effects of prolonged administration of DOCA-salt without nephrectomy on blood pressure, body weight, heart and kidney functions of rats. atrium and left papillary muscle tissues were isolated from rats. Isoprenaline, phenylephrine and acethylcholine-induced rhythmic activity and contractions of tissues were recorded in organ bath. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels were measured in plasma samples. Results: 12 weeks DOCA-salt administration without nephrectomy were significantly elevated systolic blood pressure of rats. The DOCA-salt application did not cause a decrease in the body weight of the rats. While the right atrium was not affeced to acethylcholine; the phenylephrine-induced alpha adrenergic receptor mediated contractile responses were increased and the isoprenaline-induced beta adrenergic receptor-mediated contractile responses were decreased in hypertensive rats. The DOCA-salt administration increased plasma BUN and creatinine levels of rats. Conclusion: These findings suggest that 12 weeks DOCA-salt administration without nephrectomy caused cardiac and renal changes associated with hypertension and could be used in hypertension studies as a noninvasive animal model.","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70676674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Disinfectant Effectiveness of Boric Acid","authors":"Fatma Nur Karabacak, Y. Zer, Ayşe Büyüktaş Manay","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.54521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.54521","url":null,"abstract":"Yöntem: Liyofilize borik asidin farklı konsantrasyonlarında (%1, 2, 4, 6) süspansiyonları hazırlanarak, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 izolatları ve kan kültürü örneklerinden izole edilen farklı direnç paternine sahip 20 farklı mikroorganizma (Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Streptococcus mitis/oralis) olmak üzere toplam 25 izolata karşı kalitatif süspansiyon yöntemi ile dezenfektan etkinliği araştırılmıştır. Kalitatif süspansiyon yönteminde; farklı konsantrasyondaki borik asit ile seçilen bakteriler 1, 2, 5, 10, 30 dakikalık sürelerde temas ettirilmiştir. Temas süreleri sonunda, ABSTRACT Objective: Boric acid is an element that is found as compounds in the nature and has been shown to be effective in many areas. Being non-toxic for human and the environment and economical due to obtained naturally are the main remarkable properties. This study was conducted to investigate the disinfectant efficiency of boric acid.","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70676885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Real-Time PCR Cycle Threshold Value, Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Positive Healthcare Workers","authors":"G. Bayram, Harun Gülbudak, Aslıhan Bekçi̇, Seda Tezcan Ülger, G. Yapıcı, G. Aslan","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.59913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.59913","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: During the coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare workers are the occupational group most affected by SARS-CoV-2. Infection of healthcare workers with SARS-CoV-2 poses a potential risk of infection for other healthcare workers, patients and their families. The viral load measure in the sample is determined as the cycle threshold (Ct) with the RT-qPCR method. It has been reported that the RT-qPCR Ct value may be related to the severity and potential contagiousness of the infection. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationships between socio-demographic factors, COVID-19 symptoms and Ct value in SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR positive healthcare workers. METHODS: In this study, 300 healthcare workers with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR test were included. SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR test was performed from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples with Bio-speedy SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR (Bioeksen, Turkey) kit. The RT-qPCR Ct value results of healthcare staff patients were classified as low, medium and high, socio-demographic characteristics and the risk of viral spread was evaluated. RESULTS: The rate of those who showed at least one symptom among the 300 health personnel included in the study was 88.3% (n=265) and the most common symptoms were muscle-joint pain 39.7%, fatigue 33% and sore throat 30.7%. The median RT-qPCR Ct value was determined as 23.17(19.3-29.4) and Ct value was found to be low (<24.0) in 59% of healthcare personnel. In addition, the Ct value of the personnel working in the administrative units was found to be lower than those working in the COVID-19 polyclinic, service and intensive care unit (p=0.020). Those who had fever and at least one of the COVID-19 symptom (fever, cough, respiratory distress) group had a lower Ct value than those who did not (p=0.008, p=0.019, respectively). When the possible source of transmission was evaluated, it was determined that 22% of the health personnel were infected during patient care, 21% from other health personnel and 23.3% from non-hospital sources. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our results have shown that most of the SARS-CoV-2 transmission seen in healthcare workers occurs within the hospital, but more viral load is exposed in out-of-hospital contacts. In addition, it has been observed that administrative personnel who do not have contact with patients can be a potential source of transmission. This situation has reaffirmed that PPE usage rules should be followed in order to reduce the risk of transmission in healthcare personnel and that personnel working outside the clinic should follow the mask and distance rules during their contact with their colleagues. It was determined that the Ct value was lower (higher viral load) in the presence of any of the symptoms of fever, cough, respiratory distress and fatigue in healthcare workers. In the presence of these symptoms, PCR testing of healthcare workers and taking necessary isolation measures until the test resu","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70677034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the presence of mycobacteria along with microbial agents in cases of keratitis","authors":"Ali Üçkayabaşı, Tülay Kandemir, Toğrul Nagiyev","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.17003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.17003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Because of various problems in the differential diagnosis of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), clinicians may ignore these opportunistic bacteria. DNA is usually extracted from the bacterial culture in polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular methods, which have been successfully applied in recent years in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary mycobacterial infections such as mycobacterial keratitis, as well as in mycobacterial identification and drug resistance determination in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Considering the difficulties experienced in culture, especially in mycobacteria, it is thought that DNA extraction not only from culture but also directly from clinical samples will shed light on the development of rapid and accurate diagnostic protocols. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of mycobacteria along with microbial agents in corneal scraping samples of patients with keratitis. Methods: Corneal scraping samples were collected for bacteriological and mycological examinations from","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70675414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of quality indicators in the field of blood banking and transfusion medicine in Turkey","authors":"Ayse Sakioglu, Sibel Eldemir, İ. Y. Avcı","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.62444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.62444","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the work initiated by the World Health Organization with the slogan “Safe blood begins with me”, the understanding of quality in blood banking and transfusion medicine has begun to be felt more clearly. In our country, quality studies in transfusion medicine gained momentum with the “Safe blood supply project”. For blood service units, quality has gone beyond the understanding of “write what you do, do what you write” and become a part of the safe blood supply process. The fact that the understanding of the quality management system made its presence felt more intensely created the need for blood service units to express the positive contributions of the quality management system with concrete indicators. Monitoring the processes in transfusion medicine with the quality indicators to be established can be the targeted concrete evidence. Quality indicators are also important for evaluating and comparing the performances of blood service units. There are various studies on establishing quality indicators in transfusion medicine at national and international level. However, quality indicators for transfusion centers were barely mentioned in these studies. There are no standardized quality indicators for transfusion centers at the national level. In our article, ise transfüzyon tıbbı we evaluated the deficiencies in quality indicators in blood banking and transfusion medicine in Turkey. We have developed exemplary quality indicators by making use of international and national studies. We believe that in the future, more comprehensive studies will be carried out and standardized blood banking and transfusion medicine quality indicators approved by the competent authority will","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70676719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Antibiotic Use on Microorganism Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in Hospital Infections in the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"A. Habiloğlu, Gönül Çiçek Şentürk, Yunus Gürbüz, Ezgi Gizem Şibar, Esengul Sendag, N. Altin, İ. Şencan","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.71135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.71135","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: COVID-19 pneumonia, which has affected the whole world for more than two years, has forced the health system. In this period, when the delivery of health services is in danger, the use of appropriate antibiotics has remained in the background. With this study, we wanted to investigate the effect of changing antibiotic use during the pandemic period on the distribution of microorganisms that cause nosocomial infections and changing antibiotic resistances. Methods: The study was carried out in the Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital. Hospital-acquired infections caused by E. coli, Klebsiella penumonia, Enterobacter spp., P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. between 2016 and 2020 were evaluated for our study. We classified the patients in 2016 as 1st group, 2017 as a 2nd group, 2018 as a 3rd group, 2019 as a 4th group, 2020 as a 5th group. The groups were compared with each other in terms of the rate of hospital-acquired infection, their resistance status and the amount of antibiotics used in the relevant years. The factors that showed significant difference only in the 5th year were attributed to the changing health services during the pandemic period and were examined. Results: The most commonly used antibiotic in our study was ceftriaxone with a DDD of 150.72. Piperacillin + tazobactam and levofloxacin were the second and third most commonly used antibiotics, respectively.The amount of piperacillin + tazobactam use attributed to the pandemic period is significantly higher in the 5th group than in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups. Meropenem, levofloxacin, and colistin, which had increased usage during the pandemic period, were not attributed to the pandemic period since they did not differ with all other groups in pairwise comparisons. There was no change in the rates of microorganisms causing hospital infections for the pandemic period. Piperacillin resistance rate at 5th group for K. pneumonia and E. coli was significantly higher than at 1, 2, 3 and 4 groups. There was a positive correlation between the use of piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin resistance for K. pneumoniae and E. coli. Conclusion: In our study, we found that the use of piperacillin/tazobactam and levofloxacin in our hospital increased significantly during the pandemic period. There was no significant increase in the correlation between increasing antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. Resistant strains, which will be triggered by the increasing amount of antibiotic consumption during the pandemic period, will be a problem that should be followed up in the coming years © 2022. Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi.All Rights Reserved.","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70677310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apilarnil protects the LPS induced endotoxemic heart","authors":"A. Okan, E. Kaymak, Arda Kaan Üner, S. Silici, Z. Doğanyiğit","doi":"10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.78200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2022.78200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35553,"journal":{"name":"Turk hijiyen ve deneysel biyoloji dergisi. Turkish bulletin of hygiene and experimental biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70677337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}