Soudni Lekarstvi最新文献_第8页

A fatal case of poisoning with ethanol and psychotropic drugs with putrefactive changes. 酒精及精神药物中毒致溃烂性改变1例。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Hiroshi Kinoshita, Naoko Tanaka, Mostofa Jamal, Mitsuru Kumihashi, Ayaka Takakura, T Tobiume, Kunihito Tsutsui, Kiyoshi Ameno

引用次数: 0

[Confrontation of knowledge on alcohol concentration in blood and in exhaled air]. [血液和呼出空气中酒精浓度知识的对抗]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Miroslav Bauer, Jiřina Bauerová, Ján Šikuta, Jozef Šidlo

{"title":"[Confrontation of knowledge on alcohol concentration in blood and in exhaled air].","authors":"Miroslav Bauer, Jiřina Bauerová, Ján Šikuta, Jozef Šidlo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The authors of the paper give a brief historical overview of the development of experimental alcohology in the former Czechoslovakia. Enhanced attention is paid to tests of work quality control of toxicological laboratories. Information on results of control tests of blood samples using the method of gas chromatography in Slovakia and within a world-wide study \"Eurotox 1990\" is presented. There are pointed out the pitfalls related to objective evaluation of the analysis results interpreting alcohol concentration in biological materials and the associated need to eliminate a negative influence of the human factor. The authors recommend performing analyses of alcohol in biological materials only at accredited workplaces and in the case of samples storage to secure a mandatory inhibition of phosphorylation process. There are analysed the reasons of numerical differences of analyses while taking evidence of alcohol in blood and in exhaled air. The authors confirm analysis accuracy using the method of gas chromatography along with breath analysers of exhaled air. They highlight the need for making the analysis results more objective also through confrontation with the results of clinical examination and with examined circumstances. The authors suggest a method of elimination of the human factor, the most frequently responsible for inaccuracy, to a tolerable level (safety factor) and the need of sample analysis by two methods independent of each other or the need of analysis of two biological materials. ","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"60 2","pages":"21-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33180562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Truncus arteriosus communis with survival to the age of 46 years: case report. 动脉丛干存活至46岁1例。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Alžbeta Ginelliová, Daniel Farkaš, Silvia Farkašová Iannaccone

引用次数: 0

[Determination of body fluid based on analysis of nucleic acids]. [基于核酸分析的体液测定]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Marie Korabečná

{"title":"[Determination of body fluid based on analysis of nucleic acids].","authors":"Marie Korabečná","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Recent methodological approaches of molecular genetics allow isolation of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) from negligible forensic samples. Analysis of these molecules may be used not only for individual identification based on DNA profiling but also for the detection of origin of the body fluid which (alone or in mixture with other body fluids) forms the examined biological trace. Such an examination can contribute to the evaluation of procedural, technical and tactical value of the trace. Molecular genetic approaches discussed in the review offer new possibilities in comparison with traditional spectrum of chemical, immunological and spectroscopic tests especially with regard to the interpretation of mixtures of biological fluids and to the confirmatory character of the tests. Approaches based on reverse transcription of tissue specific mRNA and their subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fragmentation analysis are applicable on samples containing minimal amounts of biological material. Methods for body fluid discrimination based on examination of microRNA in samples provided so far confusing results therefore further development in this field is needed. The examination of tissue specific methylation of nucleotides in selected gene sequences seems to represent a promising enrichment of the methodological spectrum. The detection of DNA sequences of tissue related bacteria has been established and it provides satisfactory results mainly in combination with above mentioned methodological approaches. ","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"60 3","pages":"33-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34046782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The criteria for appointing experts in forensic medicine]. 【法医学专家聘任标准】。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Tomáš Vojtíšek

{"title":"[The criteria for appointing experts in forensic medicine].","authors":"Tomáš Vojtíšek","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Unlabelled: In the Czech Republic, forensic medicine is an independent medical field, in which physicians with the appropriate attestation perform expert activities, especially in criminal proceedings, after being formally appointed by a regional court. In order to improve the quality of the activities provided by these experts, the Ministry of Justice is endeavouring to tighten up the general conditions for the appointment of new forensic experts. The individual criteria do not, however, take into account the special nature of forensic medicine as a medical field, the very essence of which involves the specialist qualifications which are necessary for the provision of expert opinions, most frequently to the police. In particular, the introduction of a strict requirement for ten-years of work experience after leaving medical school has hindered and stalled the entrance of young physicians with completed post-graduate studies into the area of forensic medicine. An inquiry sent to the regional courts has discovered that the average length of work experience for newly appointed experts in the period from 2004 to 2013 was 8.2 years, that half of them had work experience of seven years or less and that 75 percent of the newly appointed experts did not meet any set requirements for the length of their work experience at the time of their appointment. The new conditions may have a negative impact on attracting qualified graduates to forensic medicine after the completion of their medical studies and in the long term it may endanger the ability of the field of forensic medicine to provide expert opinions in criminal proceedings. In conclusion, it is the authors opinion that the appointment conditions should be set in cooperation with the professional medical associations and that they should take into account the specific characteristics of the individual medical fields, especially if they are to be set directly by means of a legal regulation within the framework of the recodification of the standing of forensic experts in the Czech Republic.Keywords: forensic medicine - expertises - criminal procedure.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"60 1","pages":"9-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33045626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A color test for the convenient identification of an ingested surface activating agent. 一种用于方便地鉴别摄入的表面活化剂的颜色试验方法。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Hiroshi Kinoshita, Naoko Tanaka, Mostofa Jamal, Ayaka Takakura, Mitsuru Kumihashi, Tadashi Tobiume, Kunihiko Tsutsui, Kiyoshi Ameno

引用次数: 0

[Alcohol congeners and their implications for medicolegal assessment of drunkeness]. [酒精同源物及其对醉酒的医学法律评估的影响]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Ľubomír Straka, Martin Janík, František Novomeský, Ivana Komáreková, Jozef Krajčovič, František Štuller

{"title":"[Alcohol congeners and their implications for medicolegal assessment of drunkeness].","authors":"Ľubomír Straka, Martin Janík, František Novomeský, Ivana Komáreková, Jozef Krajčovič, František Štuller","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Unlabelled: Ethanol is the main psychoactive ingredient of alcoholic beverages. Together with water it makes their major part. The other substances contained in alcoholic beverages are called congeners. Some of them come from the original substance of the beverage, some come from the fermentation or mellowing process. Except giving the drink its specific taste, scent and colour, congeners also have a non-negligible direct influence on the alcohol consumer. Nowadays, methods of identification thousands of alcohol congeners are available. Analyzing chemical compounds of alcoholic beverages have only recently gained its importance, when it helped to estimate the basic chemical composition of the particular alcoholic beverages. Mentioned method is able to identify an exact type of alcoholic beverage which a man consumed before the blood sample necessary for the detection had been taken from him. It becomes irreplaceable especially in forensic assessment of the drunkenness in case an alcoholised person, responsible for any crime, excuses himself that he was drinking only after the act/crime (e.g. traffic accident) had happened. It can also help to aprove/disprove a testimony of an accused person that he/she was unaware of being given alcohol into his/her non-alcoholic beverage. Development of the new chemical methods analyzing alcohol congeners are of a great benefit for any forensic expert-medical doctor dealing with the field of forensic alcohology. However, he/she must be aware that interaction of alcohol congeners with the human organism follows different laws in comparison to alcohol/ethanol itself.Keywords: alcohol - congener - alcohol congener analysis - forensic alcohology.","PeriodicalId":35533,"journal":{"name":"Soudni Lekarstvi","volume":"60 1","pages":"7-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33045623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The analysis of dyadic deaths. 二元死亡的分析。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Anezka Zummerova, Jozef Sidlo, Roman Kuruc, Denis Valent, Peter Kovac, Martin Zdarílek

引用次数: 0

[Experimental stab wound]. [实验性刺伤]。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Miroslav Hirt, František Vorel, Michal Zelený

引用次数: 0

A case of cerebral hypoplasia/dysplasia detected at autopsy. 尸检发现脑发育不全/发育不良1例。

Soudni Lekarstvi Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Nursel Türkmen İnanir, Filiz Eren, Mustafa Numan Ural, Bülent Eren, Murat Serdar Gürses

引用次数: 0