Plains Anthropologist最新文献

{"title":"Obituary, James O. Marshall III (1934–2021)","authors":"Virginia A. Wulfkuhle, Marlin F. Hawley","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2021.1928861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2021.1928861","url":null,"abstract":"With the death on March 4, 2021, of James O. Marshall III, Kansas and Central Plains archaeology lost a dedicated student. He was 86 years old. Jim’s death followed that of his wife of 64 years, Sally Ann Marshall, by a few months. The eldest of two children, Jim was born October 17, 1934, in Wheeling, West Virginia, and educated in Gouverneur, New York, where he graduated high school in 1953. He was immediately drafted into the US Army, in which he served for two years. Following his discharge, Jim attended St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York, where he earned a BA in Anthropology. In 1959, under the direction of one of his professors, Paul R. Ducey, he participated in the final year of a three-year program of excavation at Johnson Hall, the baronial home of English entrepreneur, soldier, and diplomat Sir William Johnson in Johnstown, New York (Ducey 1960). When the dig concluded, Jim, who had married Sally Ann Burns in 1956, moved his family to Grants, New Mexico. The post-World War II years were the great era of salvage archaeology, which initially was focused on survey, testing, and excavation of archaeological and paleontological sites to be affected by the proposed impoundment of hundreds of reservoir projects in nearly every part of the United States. By the mid-1950s, reservoir salvage begat highway and pipeline salvage archaeology. Salvage archaeology would, in fact, define Jim’s career. In NewMexico, Jim was employed during the 1960 field season as one of several assistant archaeologists for the sprawling Navajo Reservoir project in San Juan and Rio Arriba counties, New Mexico. The project was under the direction of Alfred E. Dittert, Jr., Museum of New Mexico, and involved survey of the impoundment basin of the San Juan River and its tributaries in northwestern NewMexico and adjacent areas of Colorado, followed by testing and excavation of the more than 450 sites discovered (Eddy 1966). Although sites of every period were investigated, among the many sites Jim and his crew explored were a number of ancestral Navajo sites (Hester and Shiner 1963). With his experience in New Mexico behind him, Jim was hired in 1961 by the Nebraska State Historical Society in Lincoln as its first Highway Salvage Archeologist. President Eisenhower’s proposed National System of Interstate and Defense Highways had passed in Congress in 1956 as the Federal Aid Highway Act. As with reservoir projects, construction on the interstate highway network posed its own threats to the nation’s archaeological heritage. Hired to mitigate some of this damage, Jim devoted much of his time to survey and investigation of sites in the Grand Island-to-Lexington segment of Interstate 80, excavating at 25KX9 and other sites (Jelks 1962; Wood 1965:92). Approached by University of Nebraska professor John L. Champe, Jim was persuaded to enroll in the graduate program in anthropology the next year. Jim’s major professor was the brilliant, if irascible, iconoclast Preston Hold","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"66 1","pages":"269 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2021.1928861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46235113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rediscovered beveled osseous rod: Clarification of the archaeological record","authors":"M. Kornfeld, Kathleen A. Holen, S. Holen","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2021.1934254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2021.1934254","url":null,"abstract":"Elongated osseous implements, often referred to as osseous or bone rods, are a defining characteristic of Early Paleoindian cultures of North America. A rod found in the Lindenmeier collection at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science, was radiocarbon dated and the results published several years ago, demonstrating its Mid Paleoindian association. The specimen highlighted the importance of museum collections for furthering our knowledge of rare items of the past. Subsequently, the “Lindenmeier” rod was found to be from a different location, the Hell Gap site. In this paper we trace the rod’s history to correct the archaeological record and discuss its place within variations among osseous rods.","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"67 1","pages":"19 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2021.1934254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45458960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dry Creek medicine bundle, Northeastern Wyoming: Patterns, outliers, and the importance of small sites","authors":"J. Greer, Mavis Greer","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2021.1922964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2021.1922964","url":null,"abstract":"A cluster of two nonlocal flakes and two crystals is believed to be the remaining contents of a small personal medicine bundle carried by an individual and lost. Characteristics and arrangement of the four artifacts indicate they are an uncommon assemblage for the region and are distinct from surrounding prehistoric sites. Therefore, the site is considered an outlier to the general regional pattern of observed site types. The kinds of artifacts and intact nature of their placement on the surface suggests recent activity, probably Late Protohistoric or early Historic, about AD 1700–1850. The locality exemplifies the potential for small sites to contribute information to regional archaeology.","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"67 1","pages":"3 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2021.1922964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43559073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobility and ceramic paste choice: Petrographic analysis of prehistoric pottery from northeastern Colorado","authors":"M. Ownby, Jason M. LaBelle, H. Pelton","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2021.1919956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2021.1919956","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-contact Native American sites in northeastern Colorado typically yield only a few sherds per site (if present), thus little information is known regarding ceramic manufacture by highly mobile groups in this area. Over the past fifty years, systematic archaeological research in Larimer County has generated a large sample of pottery for detailed study. Petrographic analysis of forty samples from ten sites on the low hills of the Front Range indicates a preference for non-local granitic raw materials. Group mobility clearly played a role in where pottery was made (western foothills) as opposed to where it is used (Colorado Piedmont). There are slight differences in paste and temper from the Early Ceramic (AD 150–1150) to the Late Ceramic periods (AD 1540–1860) that could reflect varying approaches to ceramic production as related to preferred source materials. The results suggest the pottery was made on a limited scale and likely for cooking.","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"66 1","pages":"277 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2021.1919956","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44553336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Florence-A chert end scrapers from the Lasley Vore (34TU65), Deer Creek (34KA3) and Longest (34JF1) sites and the eighteenth-century southern Plains hide trade","authors":"S. Vehik, Richard R. Drass, Stephen M. Perkins, Sarah Trabert","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2021.1920083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2021.1920083","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of stone end scrapers in southern Plains artifact assemblages increased from AD 1200 to the mid-1700s. With Native involvement in the French hide trade, beginning in the early eighteenth century, end scrapers of Florence-A chert underwent a series of changes designed to lessen the costs of hide production (Vehik et al. [2010]. The Plains Hide Trade: French Impact on Wichita Technology and Society. In Across a Great Divide, edited by Laura L. Scheiber and Mark D. Mitchell, pp. 149–173. University of Arizona Press, Tucson). Using data from the earlier study plus more recent analyses of other sites, we reinvestigate earlier ideas and introduce additional thoughts about how end scraper technology changed with Native involvement in the European world economy. Results reaffirm many of the earlier conclusions regarding technological changes in Florence-A chert end scrapers. We also explore unanticipated impacts of site formation processes, complexities of end scraper maintenance, and the ramifications of changing roles in the bison hide trade.","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"66 1","pages":"313 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2021.1920083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41604949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“We commited ten of our number to the silent tomb”: The archaeological evidence of the Walnut Creek massacre, Kansas (14BT301)","authors":"D. Scott","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2020.1854069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2020.1854069","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy rains and subsequent bank erosion in 1973 exposed the skeletal remains of 10 men and boys on Walnut Creek in Barton County, Kansas. The site (14BT301) has not been fully reported, and this effort is a step in that direction. The human remains were determined to include two men of African ancestry, and eight of white Euro-American ancestry. Historical research determined the burials are associated with the so-called Walnut Creek massacre where 10 teamsters were killed by Kiowa and Arapaho on 18 July 1864. Artifacts related to clothing they were wearing when interred are analyzed and reported. Thirteen iron projectile points that likely contributed to the deaths of the 10 are also analyzed and reported. The analytical results are compared to a rich historic documentary record which illustrates that travel on the Santa Fe Trail was not always benign.","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"66 1","pages":"149 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2020.1854069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49663401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obituary, Solveig A. Turpin (1936–2020)","authors":"L. Bement","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2021.1888680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2021.1888680","url":null,"abstract":"The Plains lost a premier rock art archaeologist with the passing of Solveig A. Turpin, PhD (1936–2020). Solveig is best known for her Texas research into Lower Pecos archaeology and, in particular, the Pecos River style of rock art for the region. Her career spanned over 40 years, beginning at the Texas Archeological Survey (TAS) at The University of Texas, Austin. At TAS she worked alongside Dr. David S. Dibble and later assumed the directorship when Dave retired. She continued at the helm of the contracting branch of the Texas Archaeological Research Laboratory as it morphed into the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory – Sponsored Projects (TARL-SP). Solveig later opened her own Cultural Resource Management (CRM) firm when the University withdrew from conducting archeological contracting projects in the early 1990s (Figures 1 and 2). Throughout her career, Solveig balanced CRM projects with more scholarly research endeavors. She was particularly successful at cultivating private sponsors to fund her research in the Lower Pecos region as well as across the US border in Mexico. Her love for this region of stark contrasts between the arid environment and the lush resources along the waterways began as a contract to conduct pedestrian survey of the Seminole Canyon State Park owned by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. That project would form the core of her PhD dissertation and solidify a research focus on the lifeways of huntergatherers who not only adapted to arid lands but thrived in this region. Building on the research of others, including Walter W. Taylor and his concept of tethered nomadism, where people under climate stress are tethered to water sources, Solveig’s research wrestled with the apparent incongruities of increased aridity in a region dominated not by scarce water resources, but by three major riverways. Perhaps the most enigmatic aspect of this adaptation was the development of a monumental polychrome rock art tradition known today as the Pecos River style. The rock art tradition developed and flourished against a backdrop of a subsistence regime focused on arid lands plant and small animal exploitation that persisted, seemingly unchanged, for millennia. The pictographs included monumental depictions of stylized human figures and animals with attendant smaller figures and items of adornment. Solveig’s field projects revealed that the distribution of parietal art motifs were just as useful in defining the territory of the Lower Pecos cultural region as the distinctive projectile points contained in site deposits. Solveig’s research was multi-tiered: documenting the development, distribution, and composition of parietal art; place this art within the archaeological context of environment, subsistence, technology, and ideology; and form a synthetic view of the history of hunter-gatherer adaptations in this region. The ideational aspects of this adaptation would dominate. By shifting the paradigm away from aspects of environm","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"66 1","pages":"175 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2021.1888680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47922246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The geographic origin of Clovis technology: Insights from Clovis biface caches","authors":"A. Schroedl","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2021.1888188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2021.1888188","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple hypotheses have been advanced for the geographic origin of the Clovis technocomplex. Several competing hypotheses are considered in relation to the distribution of Clovis caches. Clovis caching behavior is interpreted as a strategy for maximizing exploration and migration rather than an embedded strategy associated with an annual foraging round. Based on this analysis, it is hypothesized that the Clovis technocomplex may have originated along the North Pacific coast or south of the Cordilleran ice sheet in the Puget Lowland before rapidly spreading across the continent.","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"66 1","pages":"120 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2021.1888188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48170360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on “Tables 1–3 in Mesoamerican-Mississippian interaction across the far Southern Plains by Long-Range Toyah Intermediaries” (Carpenter 2020, Plains Anthropologist)","authors":"T. Perttula","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2020.1867944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2020.1867944","url":null,"abstract":"In Tables 1–3 of his recent article in Plains Anthropologist, Carpenter (2020) examines the material culture record of contact between the Southwest and the Caddo area as part of a broader consideration of Mesoamerican-Mississippian interaction, focusing on Southwestern ceramics, obsidian, and turquoise found on Caddo sites that he suggested moved along a Toyah corridor. There are errors and omissions in these three tables that overstate the archaeological evidence for Southwestern artifacts in East Texas Caddo sites. First of all, these three tables have errors because they each include a number of non-Caddo sites of Late Prehistoric age (ca. AD 800–1600) found on the East Fork of the Trinity River in the Blackland Prairie in Collin and Rockwall counties (Crook and Hughston 2015; Crook and Perttula 2018:1–2). Ancestral Caddo sites are found to the east of there in the Post Oak Savanna and Pineywoods of East Texas. Carpenter (2020:342) does differentiate these sites in the text but not in Tables 1–3. Table 1 concerns Southwestern ceramics in Caddo sites in East Texas. Carpenter includes eight Caddo sites, all listed in Crook and Perttula (2018:13–16), but omitted two other sites: an unrecorded site in Red River County with likely Upper Gila ware from southern and western New Mexico (ca. AD 1300–1450) and a site in Shelby County with Chupadero Black-on-white (ca. AD 1050– 1550) made in central and southern New Mexico. plains anthropologist, Vol. 66 No. 258, May 2021, 83–85","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"66 1","pages":"83 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2020.1867944","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46434977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian analysis of the chronology of the Lynch site (25BD1) and comparisons to the Central Plains Tradition and Central Plains Oneota","authors":"C. Gover, D. Bamforth, Kristen A. Carlson","doi":"10.1080/00320447.2021.1895514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00320447.2021.1895514","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a series of new radiocarbon dates on the Lynch site (25BD1), an Initial Coalescent site in northeastern Nebraska, and takes a Bayesian approach to examining them in three contexts. First, we consider what they tell us about the chronology of occupation at the site itself. Second, we combine them with dates on other sites in the Ponca Creek drainage to consider the chronological pattern of horticultural settlement there. Finally, we compare the Ponca Creek dates to the radiocarbon chronologies for the Central Plains tradition and Central Plains Oneota. Our analysis indicates that people settled Lynch from east to west and abandoned it from west to east between roughly AD 1250 and 1350. At its maximum extent, farmers appear to have occupied the full 80 ha extent of the site. As farmers settled Lynch, closely related people settled upstream on Ponca Creek. People abandoned these communities shortly before they abandoned Lynch. Farmers settled on Ponca Creek as a whole shortly after the major expansion of Central Plains tradition (CPt) ways of life and the appearance of Central Plains Oneota towns and abandoned that area a generation or two before CPt communities disappeared. Central Plains Oneota communities persisted into the mid 1400s. The Lynch/Ponca Creek pattern is consistent with the movement of Central Plains populations into the southern portion of the Middle Missouri in the early 1300s.","PeriodicalId":35520,"journal":{"name":"Plains Anthropologist","volume":"66 1","pages":"217 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00320447.2021.1895514","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42059633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}