Petroleum and Chemical Industry International最新文献

{"title":"The Second Thermal Wonder of the World–A Storm Appears In Both Hemispheres-\u0000-Strong Snit Theory Proof–Global Warming--China Dust Problem","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/pcii.02.03.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii.02.03.5","url":null,"abstract":"Debris streams of exploding stars produce hotspots on Earth’s surface. These hotspots have maximum energy\u0000near the time of initial impact with the surface of the Earth and this higher energy has been recorded by space\u0000satellites. The incoming stream of positive particles reacts with Earth’s magnetic field that produces a magnetic\u0000bottle. As the Earth revolves in its orbit, the Earth tilt causes the incoming streams velocity vector to move\u0000across the Earth’s vernal equinox so that where the stream touches the surface is in different hemispheres.\u0000The incoming new impact streams can merge causing more energy to be delivered to a particular area and\u0000produce extreme weather events like the warm Alaskan winters of 2017-18 and 2018-19. The figures presented\u0000of these phenomena are more direct proof of the SNIT theory. The data are available to determine exploding\u0000star strike frequency. It is possible to identify an exploding star by knowing its declination and using the time\u0000the storm switches hemisphere locations. China’s dust problem can be avoided.","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127671470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World’s First Thermal Wonder -Greenland Peak Area Melts - Real SNIT Evidence","authors":"Sokeland Wp","doi":"10.33140/pcii.02.04.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii.02.04.10","url":null,"abstract":"Theories concerning weather have developed over the years and it is very difficult to prove a new theory concerning\u0000the development of hurricane type storms over polar areas that produce melting and in turn global warming. The\u0000loss of ice is visible and large melts generally are accompanied by hurricane like storms. The storms spin counter\u0000clockwise and bring warm air from the south when the storm is in the northern hemisphere. The SNIT theory proposes\u0000that particles of positive charge from exploding stars entering the Earth’s northern magnetic field causes the counter\u0000clockwise spin and deliver the energy to cause the ice melts. Greenland melt areas are correlated with the timing and\u0000locations of hotspot’s energy input from particular exploding stars. The North Waters Polynya is touted as a polynya\u0000with continuous open water. The heat source for The Waters Polynya is the water from the Nares Strait heated by a\u0000number of incoming exploding star debris streams yearly.","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126981648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Enhanced Shale Oil & Gas Recovery in the Us & Development & Pricing\u0000of Significant Potential Shale Production in Other Countries Such As South America,\u0000Canada, & Europe/Asia2018/2019","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/pcii.02.03.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii.02.03.2","url":null,"abstract":"The Role of Science in Developing Enhanced Oil & Gas Resources, Being Environmentally Sound, & Protecting Water Use\u0000• Global transformation with fossil fuel as primary source which have an effect on GDP, export/import changes, and\u0000global effects on pricing\u0000• History of evolution of oil and gas production in the United States\u0000• Global development: European Community, India, China, Brazil, Chile, Argentina and Mexico all have proven reserves\u0000• All time high extraction of tight natural gas and oil being environmentally sound and protecting domestic water supplies\u0000• Hydraulic fracking below potable water supplies\u0000• Drilling Diagrams – Vertical and Horizontal, Proper Casing\u0000 Record pace of pipeline construction to supply refineries & terminal ports\u0000 Pronounced effect on GDP\u0000• Natural gas treatment, delivery, from source to energy deficient countries exported as LNG\u0000• Cost subsidies and economic pricing of oil and gas extraction, hydro power, coal, nuclear, wind, and solar. Cost of\u0000power by region\u0000• There are no “Dry Holes” and more attributes of highly advanced geological technology","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114349448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOMASS: An Underrated and Deprioritized Energy Potential","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/pcii.02.03.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii.02.03.1","url":null,"abstract":"It is pleasing to know that Biomass which is commonly regarded\u0000as waste materials are being explored all around the globe for the\u0000development of mankind. Unfortunately, some regions with biomass\u0000as their strongest and main energy potential are not benefiting from\u0000this energy opportunity. It is worrisome to know that these countries\u0000still suffer from insufficient electricity as well as some failure in\u0000agriculture caused by unavailability of fertilizer. This unfortunate\u0000incidence is caused by lack of information which is the primary\u0000reason for underrating and deprioritizing Biomass.","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125937671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Fuzzy Logic for Pseudo Skin Estimation for Horizontal wells within\u0000Various Drainage Areas","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/pcii.02.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii.02.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Horizontal wells are becoming widely used for primary and enhanced oil recovery operations compared to vertical\u0000wells as a result of their higher productivity due to large wellbore section exposed to the reservoir which is necessary\u0000for both fluids production and injection operations.\u0000In this work a new application related with using of fuzzy logic in the field of petroleum engineering was introduced to\u0000develop pseudo skin shape related factor to calculate and estimate the productivity of pseudo steady state horizontal\u0000wells. We can use fuzzy logic in order to determine the pattern and relationship between data set where this pattern\u0000may not be clearly known or there is no mathematical relationship among them. Prediction of introduced model has\u0000been tested against known model (Bahadori 2012 model) that developed a simple model of pseudo skin factor for\u0000horizontal well located within rectangular and square drainage areas [1].\u0000After training the model by using 2000 data set, it was successfully to estimate the pseudo skin shape related factor by\u0000testing the model by using 1000 data set. Results indicate that the introduced model has an excellent agreement with\u0000values that have been obtained by using Bahadori 2012 model with average absolute deviation being less than 2.05%.\u0000Sensitivity study was used by investigate different cluster values ranging from (0.3 – 0.7) to determine which is yield\u0000the lowest average calculation error. Furthermore, trend analysis showed that there is excellent agreement between\u0000this model and Bahadori 2012 model in the general trend.","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121536293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depth to Magnetic Sources Using Spectral Analysis of High Resolution Aeromagnetic\u0000Data over Machina and Environs, Northeastern Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/pcii.02.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii.02.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of high resolution aeromagnetic data over Machina and its environment shows areas of low total magnetic\u0000intensity contour values are hosts to thicker overburden sediments and near surface intrusive rock bodies reside over\u0000high total magnetic intensity contour regions. Positive and negative residual anomaly values depict the presence of\u0000basic and acid rock units; however, the acid rocks dominate over the basic components. Major linear features of the\u0000residual anomaly are oriented along the NE-SW direction. Some linear features however, cross cut the major lineaments\u0000along the NW-SE, N-S, and E-W directions. A NW-SE cross section of the residual anomaly shows irregularity of the\u0000bed rock floor. The negative residual anomalies are underlain by granite rocks, while the positive values are within\u0000the domain of basic intrusive. Determination of the magnetic source depth revealed depths to the top of the deeper\u0000and the shallower sources ranging from 0.6-2.0 km and from 0.4-0.9 km respectively. Thicker sedimentary covers are\u0000underlain by basement rocks while; shallower magnetic horizons are composed of intrusive igneous bodies. Maximum\u0000sedimentary thickness of 2.0 km in the study area might not be adequate enough for hydrocarbon maturation and\u0000accumulation. Segment directional histogram data shown on rose diagram exhibits strike directions along the E-W,\u0000NE-SW, NW-SE, NNE-SSW and NNE-SSW. Most of the fracture lines dip at angles lower than 10 degrees. The north\u0000dipping direction group of lineaments is prevalent. Orientations of the structural elements are in conformity with the\u0000dominant regional structural grain of the country. Cross- cutting of the lineaments may be related to the geothermal\u0000energy in the area as higher interconnected lineaments are associated with higher geothermal energy. Rugged terrain\u0000reliefs might have resulted from the effects of tectonic and structural evolution in the area. Variability of the dip angles\u0000is associated with non-uniform framework of the forces of deformation on the rocks and/or differential responses of\u0000the rocks to the stress imposed on them.","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121569400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of the Application of Random Sampling on the Analysis of the Biodegradation of Oil Spills in Soil","authors":"J. Speight, Karuna K. Arjoon","doi":"10.33140/pcii/02/01/03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii/02/01/03","url":null,"abstract":"Random sampling is a part of the sampling technique in which each sample has an equal probability of being chosen. A sample chosen randomly is meant to be an unbiased representation of the total population. If for some reasons, the sample does not represent the population, the variation is called a sampling error. Thus, an unbiased random sample is important for drawing conclusions in all issues, especially when the issue relates to environmental cleanup. Biodegradation focuses largely on the cleanup of petroleum hydro carbons and the past decades have seen challenges arise in order to make biodegradation technology appropriate and productive. This is because oil spills composition varies in locations as crude oil is a mixture of thousands of organic compounds that vary from one source to another. The purpose of this work was to determine the reliability of the random sampling method on oil spills which clean up sometimes cause s more harm than the oil spill itself. Random sampling is the basis for all probability sampling techniques used in soil sampling and serves as a reference point from which modifications to increase the efficiency of sampling are evaluated. Therefore its effectiveness was measured using Oil and Grease and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon analysis of the biodegraded soil.","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"636 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127593354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Risk Assessment Method of Gas Influx Based on Fifteen Example Wells","authors":"Xiaohui Wang, Z. Guan, Yang Tian, R. Shor","doi":"10.33140/pcii/02/01/07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii/02/01/07","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of global deepwater drilling, the scale of the deepwater drilling contract market continues to expand, and the depth of the drilling operations constantly refreshes the record. At the same time, the drilling environment and related geological conditions becomes more and more complex, which leads to the increase of the risk in the operation of deepwater drilling. After the happening of “Deepwater Horizon Accident” in the Gulf of Mexico, the prevention and control of blowout has become an urgent problem to be solved in the development of offshore oil and gas. Dealing with the problem of overflow and blowout in deepwater drilling, the most effective technical measures are based on early detection and identification of gas influx. The research on the degree of gas invasion is the basis of the formulation and implementation of well control measures. In this paper, a simulation model of gas-liquid two-phase flow after the happening of gas influx is established to calculate the cross section gas content, mud tank overflow, and bottom-hole pressure. Through the calculation, the real-time quantitative relationship between the characterization of the gas content and the bottom-hole pressure and the increment of the mud pool was established, and then the realtime quantitative degree of gas invasion is analyzed.","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131184205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Valuation of Animal Excrement in the Production of Biogas: Study of the\u0000Biomethanation of Rabbit Dungs in Laboratory in Senegal","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/pcii/01/02/00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii/01/02/00001","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic biogas is increasingly seen as an alternative solution to the access to energy in rural areas in Africa. However,\u0000incubation will necessarily pass through the use of accessible substrates and high methanogenic power. The aim of\u0000this study is to produce biogas based on rabbit dungs in semi-controlled environments. The methodology used is\u0000essentially based on the determination of the methanogenic potential of rabbit dungs, dungs co-digested with sludge\u0000and market waste and the methane yield. The assessment of the production of the different mixtures in the laboratory\u0000shows that it is the combination of dungs and market waste which gives the best methane yield with 85.8%, followed\u0000by combinations of dungs and sludge, dungs and sewage sludge which respectively produce 66.5% and 66.2% of\u0000methane. Finally, the dungs alone recorded a 50% yield of methane. The biofertilizers obtained from the anaerobic\u0000digestion of dungs can be valued as a fertilizer in agriculture and as a nutrient in fish farming.\u0000Thereby, the valorization of rabbit dungs in the production of biogas can open interesting perspectives in energy\u0000production and in the fight against climate change (greenhouse gas).","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124322831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling with Multilayer Perceptron for Detection of Fuel Adulteration using Python Programming","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/pcii/00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/pcii/00001","url":null,"abstract":"Adulteration of fuel is introduction of an unknown substance into motor spirit unlawfully or not permitted resulting the product does not conform to the needs and specifications. Normally cheaper boiling point range hydrocarbons having more or less similar composition are added as additives leading to alter and degrade the quality of the base fuels. This method is adopted by the trading community for their quick illegal profits. This is coming as tail pipe exhaust in automobile lead to environmental pollution as well as human hazard. Ethanol and methanol added illegally to increase octane levels caused fuel pipes to leak exhaust. In order to detect the pollutants there shall be proper way both at laboratory level as well as statute. Artificial Neural Networks technique to analyze the fuel adulteration is a precise technique than any other existing methods. The gasoline, hydrocarbon fractions are detected at the in-situ with the help of Internet of Things and can be controlling through the remote and that data can be collected through the smattering. This data will help in the finding the impurities in the gasoline, diesel pollutants released into the air from tailpipe exhaust. So in this paper we are using some advance computational technique called Multilayer perceptron (MPL) to identify the impurities in the fuels. This will reduce the global warming and toxic diseases. Multilayer perceptron (MLP) is one of the most efficient techniques for Detection of fuel adulterants; MLP is class of feed forward in the artificial neural network. It consists of Three layers i.e., input layer, hidden layer and output layer. For the recognition and 3D objects estimation from a 2D single perspective view Multilayer perceptron is used.","PeriodicalId":355186,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum and Chemical Industry International","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121285245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}