Kathmandu University Medical Journal最新文献_第7页

Application of hAMRonization Tool in Investigating Anti-microbial Resistance Genes to Generate Harmonized Reports. 应用 hAMRonization 工具调查抗微生物耐药性基因，生成统一报告。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

N Katuwal, D Tamrakar, R Shrestha

{"title":"Application of hAMRonization Tool in Investigating Anti-microbial Resistance Genes to Generate Harmonized Reports.","authors":"N Katuwal, D Tamrakar, R Shrestha","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background Antimicrobial resistance has become a serious threat to global public health, with the potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the detection and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance genes are critical to monitor the prevalence of resistance and to guide appropriate treatment decisions. Several bioinformatics tools have been developed to facilitate the detection and investigation of antimicrobial resistance genes from sequencing data. However, these tools often require a significant amount of manual curation and provide results which can limit their intra-operability, accessibility and usability. This lack of standardization in the reporting of antimicrobial resistance genes investigation greatly hinders the comparison of results across the public health sector. Method This study focuses on the application of hAMRonize tool developed by Public Health Alliance for Genomic Epidemiology. In this study, we have implemented hAMRonization to evaluate antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella and compared to the results from other tools (ARIBA, RGI, amrfinderplus and abricate). Result We observed that hAMRonize was more comprehensive than other tools in predicting genes, including information on antimicrobials, drug classes, and start and end base pair of genes, among others. The hAMRonize tool also provided results in an interactive Hypertext Markup Language format. Conclusion hAMRonization is an innovative tool for investigating and sharing antimicrobial resistance data in the current field of research, where scientists use a plethora of prediction tools that provide different results and subsequent interpretations.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"21 83","pages":"320-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prescribing Practices of QT Interval Prolonging Drugs in Critically Ill Older Adults in South India. 南印度重症老年人的 QT 间期延长药物处方实践。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

S R Moolambally, A Malik, A Boloor A

{"title":"Prescribing Practices of QT Interval Prolonging Drugs in Critically Ill Older Adults in South India.","authors":"S R Moolambally, A Malik, A Boloor A","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background It was Dissertenne who first described a cardiac phenomenon known as the Torsades de Pointes (TdP). QT prolongation caused by drugs is one of the most important causes for acquired QT prolongation syndrome. Objective To observe the prescribing practices of QT interval prolonging drugs among a highrisk population of critically ill older adults in a tertiary care hospital in South India The objectives were to identify the most commonly prescribed QT prolonging drugs, to analyse types of QT prolonging drugs based on risk of causing QT prolongation, to study the frequency of occurrence of common risk factors for QT prolongation and to identify presence of any significant relationships among the study variables. Method We have conducted a one-year cross-sectional descriptive study of the prescribing practices of QT interval prolonging drugs among 319 critically ill older adults in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Data was analysed to categorize the most common drugs which prolong QT interval; the type and frequency of use of QT interval prolonging drugs and to find the most common risk factors for QT prolongation in this study population. Result In this study, ondansetron, clarithromycin, azithromycin,and amiodarone were the most prescribed among the drugs with known risk of QTc (Corrected QT interval) prolongation. Among the drugs with conditional risk of QTc prolongation, pantoprazole, frusemide, piperacillin-tazobactam and esomeprazole were the most prescribed. The most common risk factors for QTc prolongation that were identified in this study were bradycardia, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease and low serum potassium. Conclusion This study helps to inform our physicians regarding the commonly prescribed QT interval prolonging drugs so that they may reduce co prescription of multiple QT prolonging drugs in high-risk patients. It identifies kidney injury, low potassium, and bradycardia as common risk factors for QT interval prolongation in these patients.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"21 83","pages":"298-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensitivity and Specificity of Nepali Version of Quantitative Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males (qADAM) Questionnaire in Diabetic Patients. 尼泊尔版《老年男性雄激素缺乏定量问卷》（qADAM）对糖尿病患者的敏感性和特异性。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

R D Bhatt, P Risal, A Maharjan, D Timalsina, H E Qiqiang

{"title":"Sensitivity and Specificity of Nepali Version of Quantitative Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males (qADAM) Questionnaire in Diabetic Patients.","authors":"R D Bhatt, P Risal, A Maharjan, D Timalsina, H E Qiqiang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder with hyperglycemia that affects multiple systems with hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction some common issues affecting their quality sexual life. Quantitative androgen deficiency in aging males (qADAM) questionnaire is a trusted tool to assess hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction among diabetic patients and has been commonly used in Nepal too. However, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of its Nepali version are yet to be tested. Objective To assess the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the Nepali version of the quantitative androgen deficiency in aging males questionnaire among diabetic patients. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetic patients attending Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital. The Patients were asked to complete the valid Nepali translated version of quantitative Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males questionnaire. Participants' serum total and free testosterone, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) were measured in clinical biochemistry laboratory and the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of Nepali version of quantitative androgen deficiency in aging males were analyzed. Result The translated Nepali version of quantitative androgen deficiency in aging males questionnaire showed 61.9% sensitivity, 45.5% specificity, and 56.7% accuracy in diagnosing hypogonadism in reference to serum testosterone level. Conclusion This Nepali translated version of quantitative androgen deficiency in aging males questionnaire can be a noninvasive tool to assess hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"21 83","pages":"275-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index among the Students of a Medical College. 医学院学生腰围与体重指数的关系

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

K Sharma, D I Mansur, R Shakya, S Maskey, A Shrestha, O Nepal

{"title":"Association of Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index among the Students of a Medical College.","authors":"K Sharma, D I Mansur, R Shakya, S Maskey, A Shrestha, O Nepal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background Obesity and overweight have emerged as significant public health concerns on a global scale. In the pursuit of evaluating body composition and identifying potential health risks, two widely utilized measures are Body Mass Index and waist circumference. These anthropometric indicators are considered economical, practical, and also crucial for screening, monitoring the individual's nutritional status, and anticipating future disease risk. Objective To explore the correlation between waist circumference and Body Mass Index and find out its significance as indicators of health and nutritional status in young adults. Method The study comprises 260 healthy young adults, aged 18-25 years from pre-clinical sciences, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS). Anthropometric measurements of height (m), weight (kg), and waist circumference (cm) were recorded. Body Mass Index was calculated by using the formula as body weight (kg) divided by the square of body height (m2). Demographic factors such as age, sex, obesity, and life style factors like smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were noted. Result The study found a positive correlation between Body Mass Index, waist circumference (WC) and weight. However, no association was found between waist circumference and height. The findings also indicated a notably high percentage of 17.69% participants, who were categorized as overweight, while a 9.23% fell into the underweight category. The study confirms that 83.08% of the students have moderate physical activity whereas 14.62% have insufficient and 2.31% have heavy physical activity. Conclusion The study shows a positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in young adults aged 18-25 years.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"21 83","pages":"293-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Choice of Different Surgical Intervention Play a Role in the Recurrence of Pterygium? 选择不同的手术干预对翼状胬肉复发有影响吗？

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

R Yadav, S S Das, S Gupta, N Agrawal

{"title":"Does Choice of Different Surgical Intervention Play a Role in the Recurrence of Pterygium?","authors":"R Yadav, S S Das, S Gupta, N Agrawal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background There are a wide range of pterygium excision techniques in practice. However, choosing the best possible option is an important factor to prevent its recurrence. Objective To compare the recurrence rate of different excision techniques and understand if a surgeon can alter the recurrence rate. Method A retrospective data of pterygium surgeries operated by a surgeon at Sagarmatha Choudhary Eye Hospital, Nepal from the year 2016 to 2018 was investigated for recurrence. The recurrence was measured by an independent Optometrist with the help of clinical photo and slit-lamp examination. A telephonic directory was maintained for every patient's follow up reminder. Result Altogether 916 individuals with mean age 56.20 years had undergone pterygium excision. Bare Sclera 280 (30.56%), Pterygium Extended Conjunctival Transplantation (PERFECT) 305 (33.29%), Conjunctival auto graft (CAG) 262 (28.60%), Simple Pterygium excision 60 (6.55%) and Amniotic Membrane Graft (AMG) 9 (0.98%), jointly formed the total study sample and surgical techniques. Recurrence for Bare sclera was 172 (61.42%), simple pterygium excision 34 (56.66%), Pterygium extended conjunctival transplantation 0 (0%), and conjunctival auto graft 2 (0.76%). Compared conjunctival auto graft with pterygium extended conjunctival transplantation and simple pterygium with bare sclera revealed similar recurrence rate comparatively. The p-value obtained were p = 0.2148 and p = 0.8152 (p > 0.05, 95% CI) respectively. Conclusion The loss of limbal stem cells in Bare sclera technique acts as stimulant for pterygium recurrence, in addition the remains of pterygial matter in simple pterygium excision acts as precursor for recurrence. Pterygium extended conjunctival transplantation indeed acts as barrier but needs fine surgical skills to perform. Conjunctival auto graft can be opted as an alternative technique for minimal recurrence as compared to Pterygium extended conjunctival transplantation.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"21 83","pages":"254-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endoscopic Transcanal Atticoplasty: How we do it? 内镜下经肛门成形术：我们是如何做到的？

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

B L Shrestha, A K Kc, S Karmacharya

引用次数: 0

Participant's Knowledge and Perception of Health Research Methodology before and after a Hands-on Workshop in a Medical College in Lalitpur, Nepal. 在尼泊尔拉利特普尔一所医学院举办实践研讨会前后学员对健康研究方法的了解和看法。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

N Jha, A K Dhakal, N Singh, S Pandey, R Mukhia, G Acharya, S Bajracharya, M R Sharma, P R Shankar

{"title":"Participant's Knowledge and Perception of Health Research Methodology before and after a Hands-on Workshop in a Medical College in Lalitpur, Nepal.","authors":"N Jha, A K Dhakal, N Singh, S Pandey, R Mukhia, G Acharya, S Bajracharya, M R Sharma, P R Shankar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background The basic principles of research methodology are very important for the successful conduct of research. Objective To evaluate the knowledge and perceptions before and after a three-day workshop on health research methodologies conducted at a medical college in Lalitpur, Nepal. Method The pre-post study was conducted during the workshop. There were 31 participants comprising of doctors (interns and residents), medical officers and dental surgeons and faculties. A questionnaire containing two sections related to various themes of the workshop was developed to measure the respondents' knowledge and perception of different concepts. Feedback regarding each session was also obtained. The median knowledge and perception scores before and after the workshop were compared using appropriate statistical tests (p < 0.05). Result More than half of the participants, [18 (58.1%)] were of 20-30 years of age. The total knowledge scores improved significantly after the workshop. The increase in the perception scores after the workshop was also significant. Feedback was positive. The highest feedback score was for the session on critical analysis of a published article. Conclusion Knowledge and perceptions increased significantly indicating such workshops can be effective and contribute to the capacity building of the early-stage researchers.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"21 83","pages":"325-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dengue in Nepal: Challenges and Charting a Path Forward. 尼泊尔的登革热：挑战与前进之路。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

J Chataut

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation: an analysis of patients presenting at a tertiary referral centre. 复发性肩关节脱位的知识、态度和实践：对一家三级转诊中心就诊患者的分析。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

A Joshi, S Gurung, B Basukala, N Rijal, R Sharma, R Bista, N Singh, I Pradhan

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation: an analysis of patients presenting at a tertiary referral centre.","authors":"A Joshi, S Gurung, B Basukala, N Rijal, R Sharma, R Bista, N Singh, I Pradhan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background Early diagnosis and treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocation are crucial to avoid complications associated with multiple dislocations. Little is known about knowledge, attitude, and practice of recurrent shoulder dislocation among patients. Objective To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice among patients regarding recurrent shoulder dislocation. Method A retrospective study of prospectively collected data from December 2019 to November 2022 among patients seeking treatment for recurrent shoulder dislocation at a tertiary care centre was conducted. A 16-item questionnaire, including 5 items regarding patients' knowledge, 2 items regarding attitude, and 2 items regarding practice on recurrent shoulder dislocation, was devised and responses were recorded. Continuous data were reported as mean ± standard deviation and categorical data were reported as number (percentage). Comparative analysis was done using student t-test. Result A total of 220 patients completed the questionnaire. Out of 220, 159 (72.27%) were not informed about recurrence after first dislocation, 146 (66.36%) felt that they were not properly counselled regarding treatment, and 172 (78.18%) responded that they did not know that recurrent shoulder dislocation can be treated. Among 220 patients, 171 (77.73%) responded that their quality of life was affected by recurrent shoulder dislocation, and first dislocation was relocated by doctors in 116 (52.73%), self in 78 (35.45%), and relatives in 26 (11.82%). The number of dislocations was significantly higher among patients who did not visit the hospital after their first dislocation. Conclusion Majority of the patients have positive attitude, but poor knowledge and practice regarding recurrent shoulder dislocation. The findings would be useful for planning strategies to improve patients counselling regarding recurrent shoulder dislocation.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"21 83","pages":"281-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laryngeal Paraganglioma - A Rare Entity. 喉副神经节瘤--一种罕见的实体瘤。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-01

S B Ghimire, A K Kc, S Karmacharya, B L Shrestha

引用次数: 0