Kathmandu University Medical Journal最新文献_第2页

Diabetic Foot Ulcer and its Associated Risk Factors in Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease Presenting in the University Hospital of Nepal. 在尼泊尔大学医院就诊的患有外周动脉疾病的糖尿病患者的糖尿病足溃疡及其相关风险因素。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

R M Karmacharya, S Maharjan, S Vaidya, S Bhatt, S Sharma, G Timalsina, K Kunwar, H N Joshi

{"title":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer and its Associated Risk Factors in Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease Presenting in the University Hospital of Nepal.","authors":"R M Karmacharya, S Maharjan, S Vaidya, S Bhatt, S Sharma, G Timalsina, K Kunwar, H N Joshi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a common complication in diabetic patients especially in those with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, it can be prevented if its risk factors can be identified and adjusted. Objective To investigate the frequency of diabetic foot ulcers and their associated risk factors in diabetic patients with peripheral artery disease. Method Diabetic patients under medication with known peripheral arterial disease diagnosed with Doppler ultrasonography were recruited from the outpatient department of the cardiothoracic and vascular unit, at Dhulikhel Hospital. The patients were interviewed about their demographic details, presenting clinical symptoms, and the risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, duration of diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Also, the patients were assessed for any ulcers in their feet. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. Result The analysis demonstrated diabetic foot ulcers in 24.1% of the total 54 diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease. The risk factors such as smoking (24.1%), increasing age (68.5%), hypertension (31.5%), and duration of diabetes (72.2%) were found in the majority of the patients. Out of these risk factors, smoking (Odds ratio: 6.81) and increasing age (Odds ratio: 0.28) were significantly associated with diabetic foot ulcers. (p < 0.05) Conclusion Diabetic foot ulcers affected about a quarter of diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease and were found to be associated with increasing age and smoking.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"22 86","pages":"175-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dental Caries among School Children in Bharatpur, Chitwan. 奇特旺省巴拉特布尔的学龄儿童龋齿患病率及相关因素。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

S Poudel, D Sapkota, L Poudel, S Poudel, E Khatri, K Sapkota

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dental Caries among School Children in Bharatpur, Chitwan.","authors":"S Poudel, D Sapkota, L Poudel, S Poudel, E Khatri, K Sapkota","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background The burden of dental caries among children is increasing due to consumption of sugary substances, poor oral care practices, and inadequate health service utilization. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and associated factors of dental caries among school children. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among school children of private school of Bharatpur metropolitan city. Objective To assess the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among school children of private school of Bharatpur metropolitan city. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 150 children of two different private schools of Chitwan by using multi-stage probability sampling technique. The data was collected from 22nd November 2019 to 4th December 2019. Data were collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire to identify the prevalence of and associated factors of dental caries and decayed, missing and filled Permanent teeth (DMFT) index criteria. Result Out of total 150 children, 68% had dental caries. Among them, 64.5 % had caries in deciduous teeth, 17.6 % in permanent teeth and 17.6% had caries on both types of dentition. Only 40.7% of children had received dental check-ups. The mean Decayed, missing and filled primary teeth (DMFT)/ decayed, missing and filled Permanent teeth (DMFT) was 1.91 and 0.54 respectively. 83.3% and 57.1% of children had low severity caries in permanent and deciduous dentition respectively. The educational level, brushing habits, sugar consumption, and snack consumption, bottle feeding at infancy and mother's occupation was found to be associated with dental caries. Conclusion The study showed high prevalence of dental caries among school children. Less than 50% of children had a dental checkup in case of dental problems only. Association of dental caries was found with level of education, brushing habits, sugar consumption, snack consumption bottle feeding at infancy and mother's occupation.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"22 86","pages":"191-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Evolving Role of Biologics in Otorhinolaryngology:Innovations, Applications, and Future Perspectives. 生物制剂在耳鼻喉科中不断发展的作用：创新、应用和未来展望。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

B L Shrestha

引用次数: 0

Workplace Violence in Health Care: Deciphering an Emerging Crisis. 医疗保健领域的工作场所暴力：解读新出现的危机。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

O Nepal

引用次数: 0

Psychiatric Comorbidity among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. 2 型糖尿病患者的精神并发症。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

M Acharya, R H Ghimire, D Karki, S Poudel

{"title":"Psychiatric Comorbidity among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.","authors":"M Acharya, R H Ghimire, D Karki, S Poudel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background The co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and diabetes mellitus is frequently observed. This coexistence manifests in various ways, leading to a diminished quality of life, heightened healthcare expenses, reduced treatment compliance, suboptimal blood sugar control, and an upsurge in visits to the emergency room. Objective To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes at a specialized medical center. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study, enrolling eligible type 2 diabetes patients who sought outpatient services. To evaluate the cognitive and emotional aspects of their illness, we employed the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and ICD-10 guidelines. Convenience sampling method was used and 200 patients were included in the study. Their socio-demographic profile, presence of depression, and other psychiatric illnesses were studied. Result Among the total screened type 2 diabetes patients, 200 eligible individuals were included in the study. Depression emerged as the most prevalent psychiatric comorbid condition, affecting 30.5% of the patients. Notably, depression rates were slightly higher in female patients and those over 50 years of age. Furthermore, individuals with longer diabetes durations displayed a greater prevalence of depressive episodes, followed by other psychiatric illnesses. Conclusion A noteworthy proportion of diabetic patients exhibited comorbid psychiatric conditions. Depression was the most common among diabetics followed by other psychiatric illnesses. The presence of neuropsychiatric illness was commonly seen in diabetics at a later age of life, peaking after 6th decade.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"22 86","pages":"171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Unusual Presentation of Fatal Acute Haemorrhagic Pancreatitis in a Young Adult. 一名年轻成年人患上致命急性出血性胰腺炎的罕见病例。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

A Naveen, M R Sahu, K S Padhi, M Sharma, S S Sahu, M K Mohanty

引用次数: 0

Hypochlorite Accident in a Pediatric Patient. 一名儿科患者的次氯酸盐中毒事件。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

A Bhandari, R Shrestha, S Upadhyay, C Upadhyaya, N Shrestha

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Refractive Error and Spectacle Compliance in Children of Tokha Municipality. 托克哈市儿童屈光不正的患病率和配戴眼镜的依从性。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

R Kaiti, R Shyangbo, S Singh, C Pandey, P Shah, B Bogati, B Poudel, A Mishra

{"title":"Prevalence of Refractive Error and Spectacle Compliance in Children of Tokha Municipality.","authors":"R Kaiti, R Shyangbo, S Singh, C Pandey, P Shah, B Bogati, B Poudel, A Mishra","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background Refractive error is considered as an important component of the priority disease \"childhood blindness\" within the Vision 2020' initiative to eliminate avoidable blindness. The large majority of vision impairment in school aged children is due to uncorrected refractive error. Hence, refractive errors are considered as a public health challenge. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of refractive error and spectacle compliance among children in Tokha municipality, Kathmandu. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of refractive error and spectacle compliance among children from Tokha municipality, Kathmandu. Method A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling 1366 children from Tokha municipality from 1st to 3rd week of April 2022 after obtaining the Institutional Review Board (Reference number:60/2079/80). Assent was taken from all children and informed consent was signed by the legal guardians of the children. All the samples underwent a comprehensive ocular history taking, visual acuity and refraction and ocular health assessments. The inclusion criteria was school going children within age group 5-16 years. Result Out of a total of 1366 samples, 10.91% (149) of the school children were identified to have refractive error. The primary type of refractive error observed was compound myopic astigmatism, which accounted for 52.3% (78) of the cases. A spectacle compliance rate of 72.15% was found. Conclusion Refractive error prevalence in this study is consistent with findings from other part of Nepal. The most common type of refractive error was compound myopic astigmatism. The frequency of refractive errors was notably higher among individuals who frequently use electronic devices, attend private schools, and reside in densely populated areas. It is recommended to organize regular community eye camps and conduct vision screenings to identify and promptly address refractive errors in children.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"22 86","pages":"165-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Physical Activity in Health Science Students. 评估健康科学专业学生的心肺功能和体育活动。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

D B Pun, J P Jha, B P Magar, B Thapa

{"title":"Assessment of Cardiopulmonary Fitness and Physical Activity in Health Science Students.","authors":"D B Pun, J P Jha, B P Magar, B Thapa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background Insufficient physical activity and poor cardiopulmonary fitness increases the risk of chronic diseases and premature mortality. Sedentary lifestyle is observed among young health science students. Objective To assess cardiopulmonary fitness and physical activity levels among health science students at Jumla. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on health science students at Karnali Academy, Jumla. Cardiopulmonary fitness was assessed using the Queen's College Step Test to calculate VO2max. International Physical Activity Questionnaire was applied to measure physical activity in terms of Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) value. Data analysis utilized GNU-PSPP software with descriptive and inferential statistics. Result Total 107 students participated (56 females), aged 18-37 years. Their median VO2max was 40.05 ml/kg/min, significantly higher in males [51.69 (IQR 45.81 - 57.57)] than females [36.37 (IQR 34.90 - 38.58)] (p<0.001). Median weekly physical activity was 1030 MET-minutes/week, with males reporting higher levels [1436 (962 - 2670)] than females [678 (414 - 1103)] (p<0.001). VO2max had a positive correlation with total MET value per week (r = 0.504, p<0.001), and negative correlation with body adiposity (p<0.02). Multiple linear regression revealed physical activity level, sex, and BMI as significant predictors of VO2max (p<0.01). Conclusion Health science students at Karnali Academy have average levels of cardiopulmonary fitness and physical activity, lower in females. Targeted interventions can improve their fitness, benefiting the wider population in future. Further research should explore barriers to physical activity and factors influencing healthy lifestyle adoption among health science students in this region.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"22 86","pages":"132-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three Years of Experience of ENT-Head and Neck Trauma in a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal. 尼泊尔一家三级医疗中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外伤治疗三年的经验。

Kathmandu University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01

N M Thapa, S Das

{"title":"Three Years of Experience of ENT-Head and Neck Trauma in a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal.","authors":"N M Thapa, S Das","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background Trauma to ENT-Head and Neck region is one of the commonest emergencies. The neck and face being exposed parts of our body are vulnerable to traumatic injuries. Objective To study epidemiological pattern, site, mode and cause of trauma in ENT Head and Neck region, their management and outcome. Method This retrospective study was conducted in the department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Medical records of the patients admitted with Head and Neck trauma from April 14, 2019 to April 13, 2022 were retrieved from the Medical Records Section and reviewed. Trauma cases which were managed on an OPD basis and those patients with incomplete data and polytrauma were excluded. Result Most of the trauma cases were in the adults 139 (72.41%). Males were more common than females (80.73%). Oral cavity and oropharyngeal injury 37 (69.81%) was most common in the pediatric patients. In adults nose and facial trauma79 (56.83%) was the most common site of injury. Fall was the most common mode of injury in pediatric patients 36 (67.92%) while in adults it was interpersonal violence 43 (30.94%). Conclusion ENT-Head and Neck trauma was more commonly observed in male adults. Paediatric patients were found to be vulnerable to fall while in adults interpersonal violence was the most common mode of trauma. Oral cavity and oro-pharynx were the most common sites of injury in children while nose and facial trauma were the most common in adults. There were no significant complications and mortality reported during the hospital stay.","PeriodicalId":35493,"journal":{"name":"Kathmandu University Medical Journal","volume":"22 86","pages":"160-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0