Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"The Association of Gender Based Violence (GBV) with Familial and Social Determinants and Mental Health Status of Bengali Married Working Women: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"T. Akter, M. Haque, Md Zobaer Hasan, Faisal Muhammad, Sharmin Sultana, M. G. D. Harun, Md. Shahinuzzaman, Syeda Humayra, Md. Monirul Islam, Sabina Sharmin, Alauddin Chowdhury Abm","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230403-2022-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230403-2022-29","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Gender Based Violence (GBV) represents a severe violation of women's human rights beyond geographical, cultural, religious, social, and economic aspects. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of GBV, its association with mental health status, and familial and social determinants among the higher socio-economic married working women in Bangladesh.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to November 2019 among the higher socio-economic married women working in Dhaka. To reach the targeted participants, five hundred sixty participants were recruited using multistage sampling. Women with a minimum graduate degree, monthly income >35000, and working outside were included in this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data through a face-to-face interview. Mental health status was measured by 20 items on the CES-D scale. Descriptive statistics and bivariate (unadjusted) and multivariate (adjusted) logistic regression were used to explore the determinants and mental health status.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean age of participants was 35.7 ± 4.8 years. Around 13.6% of women faced GBV. The age, marriage duration, family type, monthly income, parental status, number of children, and education level showed a significant association with GBV. The binary logistic regression model found that the status of mental health was strongly significant in both unadjusted and adjusted models, OR (95% CI) =2.589 (1.577-4.252) and 4.542 (2.362-8.734). Participation in the family's decision-making process was strongly associated with GBV OR (95% CI) = 4.529 (2.332- 8.796). The attitude of the husband or in-laws was strongly significant in both unadjusted OR (95% CI) = 10.605 (4.988 - 22.548) and adjusted models 5.972 (1.836-19.421). Having a good understanding of the husband was strongly significant in two models, OR (95% CI) = 27.383 (13.568 -55.263) and 17.553 (6.160 -50.018). The odds of GBV, if any family members are suffering from chronic disease, were around six-fold higher among married working women in the unadjusted model OR (95% CI) =5.935 (2.791 - 12.623) and almost eight-fold higher in adjusted model 7.679 (2.293 -25.719). Time for attending social obligation was strongly significant in both unadjusted OR (95% CI)= 11.633 (5.239 -25.832) and adjusted model 24.402 (7.511 -79.277).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The GBV prevalence was comparatively low, and it was found to be related to working women with higher socio-economic status. This issue should not be neglected as it impedes the empowerment of women, which is a global concern and developmental plan. Hence, there is a need to formulate better policies and programs to attain a gender-based, violence-free society.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75596493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Life Skills Enhancement Program on the Life Skills and Risk Behaviors of Social Media Addiction in Early Adolescence.","authors":"Jedbordin Kumkronglek,&nbsp;Pornpen Sirisatayawong,&nbsp;Supat Chupradit","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230113-2022-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230113-2022-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to develop and investigate the effects of a life skills enhancement program on the life skills and risk behaviors of social media addiction in early adolescence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research used a quasi-experimental design for a controlled study with a pre-test and post-test that collected data through a general information questionnaire, Social Media Addiction Screening Scale: S-MASS, and a life skills test. There were 48 samples recruited by purposive sampling from 5 schools in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The life skills enhancement program was developed under the theory of cognitive and behavioral therapy in combination with group therapy or occupational therapy. The program had a total of 10 sessions, with 1 session per week for 60 minutes and 10 weeks in total.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the results, a statistically significant difference in post-test SMASS scores between the control and experimental group was found (p<0.01). Moreover, a statistically significant difference in the experimental group between pre-test and post-test using S-MASS scores decreased significantly after participating in the program but not in the control group. This result is similar to the comparative data of life skills scores that revealed there was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test only in the experimental group. For the comparative data between the control and experimental group, however, there were no statistically significant differences in pre-test and post-test life skills scores between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From the results, it can be summarized that the life skills enhancement program had affected an increase in life skills and a decrease in risky social media usage among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"e174501792301110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10351340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sex Differences in Cortisol Concentrations, Anxiety, and Depressive Mood In Moroccan Youth","authors":"I. Rammouz, M. Nakajima, S. Boujraf, R. Aalouane, A. Lemieux, M. al’Absi","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230215-2022-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230215-2022-24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Evidence indicates sex differences in stress response and mental health challenges. Psychobiological research of early symptoms of psychopathology has suggested that cortisol, as a marker of stress, is positively associated with depressive mood and anxiety in adolescents. To date, no study has examined sex differences in the relationships between cortisol levels and negative mood among Moroccan youth.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 332 Moroccan secondary students (171 female) aged 11 to 20 completed a range of psychological measures and provided two morning saliva samples across atwo-hour period. We hypothesized that females would show greater levels of depression and anxiety symptoms than males. We also anticipated positive relationships between cortisol and those symptoms.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results demonstrated the expected cortisol morning decline due to the diurnal pattern. Higher anxiety (p < .001), higher depressive mood (p < .001), and more clinically relevant depression were found in the females (47.7%) than the males (22.5%; p < .001). In addition, anxiety (p < .05) was positively associated with later morning cortisol in females but not males.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our results demonstrated sex differences in depressive mood among youth and the feasibility of psychobiological stress research in Morocco. More research is needed to identify sex-specific factors of depression and anxiety. Such effort would inform strategies to tailor treatment programs for females and males.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84938257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with β-Thalassemia that Underwent Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","authors":"Olga Mulas, Ilaria Pili, Marco Sanna, Giorgio La Nasa","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v17-e211208-2021-ht2-1910-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v17-e211208-2021-ht2-1910-4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: β-Thalassemia major (β-TM) represents one of the most important hemoglobinopathies worldwide. Remarkable improvements have been achieved in supportive therapy based on blood transfusions and iron chelation, and nowadays, this approach is capable of assuring a long life in these patients in industrialized countries. The only curative treatment is represented by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, this treatment may be burdened by deterioration in the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). This paper aimed to evaluate the role of HRQoL in transplanted β-TM patients with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed database, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched for studies published between January 1st, 2000 to September 2020. The following terms were entered in the database queries: β-thalassemia, HRQoL, and HSCT. The study was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: We identified a total of 33 potential studies. Among these, 10 were finally considered in the systematic review and 5 in the meta-analysis. Overall, good scores in the principal domains of HRQoL were reported by transplanted patients. These data were confirmed by results of meta-analysis that showed significant difference between transplanted and β-TM patients treated with conventional therapy in the physical and emotional dimension, with a medium effect size [d=0.65, 95% CI (0.29-1.02), z = 3.52, p =0.0004, I 2 =75%; and d=0.59, 95% CI (0.43-0.76), z = 6.99, p <0.00001, I 2 =0%, respectively]. Conclusion: HRQoL is generally good in β-TM transplanted patients and may significantly contribute in deciding whether or not to transplant a β-TM patient treated with conventional therapy.","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"256 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in Monotherapy and with Add-on Treatments on Health-related Quality of Life of People with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review of Randomized-Controlled Trials","authors":"Antonio E. Nardi, Federica Sancassiani, Vanessa Barrui, Goce Kalcev, Veronica Uras, Giulia Meloni, Luigi Marongiu, Giorgio Tamburini, Alberto Maleci, Laiana A. Quagliato, Giorgio La Nasa, Mauro Giovanni Carta","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v17-e211118-2021-ht2-1910-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v17-e211118-2021-ht2-1910-12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The era of establishing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) changed the outcome and the course of this life-threatening malignancy. People suffering from CML have now a better prognosis and a longer life expectancy due to the development of TKIs, even if it requires long-term, often lifelong, treatments that are nonetheless associated with improved Health-related Quality of life (HRQoL). However, data on the effects of TKIs on HRQoL are not always systematic; sometimes the data have been obtained by studies different from RCTs, or without a clear definition of what HRQoL is. The main purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) including HRQoL as main or secondary outcome in patients with CML treated with TKIs or with TKIs plus an add-on treatment. Methods: A systematic review has been conducted by searching the relevant papers in PubMed/Medline and Web of Science with the following keywords: “quality of life” OR “health-related quality of life” OR “QoL” OR “HRQoL” OR “H-QoL” AND “chronic myeloid leukemia”. Interval was set from January 2000 to December 2020. Results: 40 papers were identified through the search. Out of them, 7 RCTs were included. All the studies used standardized measures to assess HRQoL, even not always specific for CML. 5 RCTs randomized subjects to 2 or 3 arms to evaluate the effects of TKIs of the first, second and third generation in monotherapy. 2 RCTs randomized subjects to TKI therapy plus an add-on treatment versus TKI therapy as usual. The results of all these trials were examined and discussed. Conclusion: All the included RCTs pointed out significant findings regarding the positive effects of TKIs on HRQoL of people with CML, both when they were used in monotherapy or, notably, with an add-on treatment to enhance TKIs effects.","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135368715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed Depression: A Survey on Psychopathological, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Approaches among a Sample of Italian Psychiatrists","authors":"L. Mineo, A. Rodolico, C. Concerto, A. Natale, Manuela Pennisi, M. Tusconi, A. Aguglia, A. Amerio, G. Serafini, M. Amore, E. Aguglia","doi":"10.2174/1745017902117010331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017902117010331","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (5th edition) introduced the specifier “with Mixed Features” to the diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode to designate the presence of (hypo) manic symptoms as part of the clinical presentation. This change has led to renewed attention on the operational definition, diagnosis, and treatment of Mixed Depression.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards Mixed Depression among a representative sample of Italian psychiatrists.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Between March and April 2021, 342 psychiatrists working in Italian adult mental health services were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey comprising 32 questions designed to investigate clinical and psychopathological approaches regarding the management of mixed depression in daily psychiatric practice.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 83.74% of participants reported having performed a diagnosis of mixed depression in the last five years, with the majority of respondents affirming that they had not used any diagnostic tool. Only 7,5% of the surveyed psychiatrists considered the DSM-5 criteria to be fully adequate in the description of this clinical entity. The most used pharmacological approach was combined therapy, in particular antipsychotics plus mood stabilizers. For monotherapy, the preferred drugs were Valproate and Quetiapine. Regarding the conceptualization of mood disorders, 199 of the participants chose the Kraepelinian unitary spectrum view; meanwhile, 101 expressed their preference for the binary model.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our results suggest a prominent position of mixed depression in the context of mood disorders. Univocal operational criteria and additional research on pharmacological treatment are also needed to ensure the correct recognition and management of mixed depression.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83371278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with β-Thalassemia Underwent Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","authors":"O. Mulas, Ilaria Pili, Marco Sanna, Giorgio La Nasa","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v17-e211208-cpemh-2021-ht2-1910-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v17-e211208-cpemh-2021-ht2-1910-4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 β-Thalassemia major (β-TM) represents one of the most important hemoglobinopathies worldwide. Remarkable improvements have been achieved in supportive therapy, based on blood transfusions and iron chelation, and nowadays this approach is capable to assure a long life in these patients in industrialized countries. The only curative treatment is represented by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, this treatment may be burdened by deterioration in the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). The aim of this paper was to evaluate with a systematic review and meta-analysis the role of HRQoL in transplanted β-TM patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 PubMed database, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically searched for studies published between January 1st, 2000 to September, 2020; the following terms were entered in the database queries: β-thalassemia, HRQoL and HSCT. The study was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We identified a total of 33 potential studies. Among these, 10 were finally considered in the systematic review and 5 in the meta-analysis. Overall, good scores in the principal domains of HRQoL were reported by transplanted patients. These data were confirmed by results of meta-analysis that showed significant difference between transplanted and β-TM patients treated with a conventional therapy in Physical an Emotional Function dimension, with a medium effect size (d=0.65, (95% CI (0.29-1.02) z = 3.52, p =0.0004, I2=75% and d=0.59, (95% CI (0.43-0.76) z = 6.99, p <0.00001, I2=0% respectively).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 HRQoL is generally good in β-TM transplanted patients and may give a significant contribute the difficult choice whether transplant or not a β-TM patient treated with conventional therapy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82058009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in monotherapy and with add-on treatments on Health-related Quality of Life of People with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: a systematic review of Randomized-Controlled Trials.","authors":"A. E. Nardi, F. Sancassiani, Vanessa Barrui, G. Kalcev, V. Uras, Giulia Meloni, Luigi Marongiu, Giorgio Tamburini, Alberto Maleci, Laiana A. Quagliato, Giorgio La Nasa, M. Carta","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v17-e211118-cpemh-2021-ht2-1910-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v17-e211118-cpemh-2021-ht2-1910-12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The era of establishing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) changed the outcome and the course of this life-threatening malignancy. People suffering from CML have now a better prognosis and a longer life expectancy by the development of TKIs, even if it requires long term—often lifelong— treatments that are nonetheless associated with improved Health-related Quality of life (HRQoL). However, data on the effects of TKIs on HRQoL are not always systematic: sometimes they were obtained by studies different from RCTs, or without a clear definition of what HRQoL is. The main purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) including HRQoL as main or secondary outcome in patients with CML treated with TKIs or with TKIs plus an add-on treatment.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Systematic review by searching for relevant papers in PubMed/Medline and Web of Science with the following keywords: “quality of life” OR “health-related quality of life” OR “QoL” OR “HRQoL” OR “H-QoL” AND “chronic myeloid leukemia”. Interval was set from January 2000 to December 2020.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 40 papers were identified through the search. Out of them, 7 RCTs were included. All the studies used standardized measures to assess HRQoL, even not always specific for CML. 5 RCTs randomized subjects to 2 or 3 arms to evaluate the effects of TKIs of the first, second and third generation in monotherapy. 2 RCTs randomized subjects to TKI therapy plus an add-on treatment versus TKI therapy as usual. The results of all these trials were examined and discussed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 All the included RCTs pointed out significant findings about the positive effects of TKIs on HRQoL of people with CML, both when they were used in monotherapy or, notably, with an add-on treatment to enhance TKIs effects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91336408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of four types of childhood maltreatment in denmark.","authors":"Mogens N Christoffersen,&nbsp;Cherie Armour,&nbsp;Mathias Lasgaard,&nbsp;Tonny E Andersen,&nbsp;Ask Elklit","doi":"10.2174/1745017901309010149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017901309010149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of four types of childhood maltreatment in Denmark while taking into considerations how each of the types of maltreatment vary as a function of gender or child-protection status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from a Danish national study conducted by The Danish National Centre for Social Research in 2008 and 2009. The study used a stratified random probability sample of young people aged 24 years. A sample of 4718 young adults were randomly selected by Statistics Denmark using the total birth cohort of all children born in 1984. The response rate was 63% leaving a total effective sample size of 2980. A structured residential or telephone interview enquired about a range of respondents maltreatment experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maltreatment is experienced by a significant proportion of Danish children. The reported prevalence rates were; physical neglect (3.0%), emotional abuse (5.2%), physical abuse (5.4%) and sexual abuse (3.4%). All trauma types were experienced by a greater percentage of females compared to males with the exception of physical abuse and all trauma types were experienced by a greater percentage of children given child-protection status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Female children and children who are given child protection status are those most at risk for experiencing maltreatment in Denmark. However, variability in prevalence rates of maltreatment across studies is problematic. Methodological variations and variation in abuse definitions may be partly attributable.</p>","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"149-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1745017901309010149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40262859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of the Primary Care Screener for Affective Disorder (PC-SAD) in Primary Care.","authors":"Angelo Picardi,&nbsp;D A Adler,&nbsp;W H Rogers,&nbsp;I Lega,&nbsp;M P Zerella,&nbsp;G Matteucci,&nbsp;L Tarsitani,&nbsp;M Caredda,&nbsp;A Gigantesco,&nbsp;M Biondi","doi":"10.2174/1745017901309010164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017901309010164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression goes often unrecognised and untreated in non-psychiatric medical settings. Screening has recently gained acceptance as a first step towards improving depression recognition and management. The Primary Care Screener for Affective Disorders (PC-SAD) is a self-administered questionnaire to screen for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Dysthymic Disorder (Dys) which has a sophisticated scoring algorithm that confers several advantages. This study tested its performance against a 'gold standard' diagnostic interview in primary care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 416 adults attending 13 urban general internal medicine primary care practices completed the PC-SAD. Of 409 who returned a valid PC-SAD, all those scoring positive (N=151) and a random sample (N=106) of those scoring negative were selected for a 3-month telephone follow-up assessment including the administration of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) by a psychiatrist who was masked to PC-SAD results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most selected patients (N=212) took part in the follow-up assessment. After adjustment for partial verification bias the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value for MDD were 90%, 83%, 51%, and 98%. For Dys, the corresponding figures were 78%, 79%, 8%, and 88%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While some study limitations suggest caution in interpreting our results, this study corroborated the diagnostic validity of the PC-SAD, although the low PPV may limit its usefulness with regard to Dys. Given its good psychometric properties and the short average administration time, the PC-SAD might be the screening instrument of choice in settings where the technology for computer automated scoring is available.</p>","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"164-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/be/ed/CPEMH-9-164.PMC3804886.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40262861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}