Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.15633/LIE.3689
Karolina Fiutak
{"title":"Ślady fenomenologii Edmunda Husserla w twórczości Simone Weil","authors":"Karolina Fiutak","doi":"10.15633/LIE.3689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/LIE.3689","url":null,"abstract":"Traces of Husserl’s phenomenology in the work of Simone Weil The aim of the article is to show and analyze a fairly distinct convergence that occurs between the philosophical thought of Simone Weil and the phenomenological method of Edmund Husserl. Weil, inspired by the phenomenological thought, wrote several important texts. The article is to bring closer their content and indicate the originality of the interpretation of the phenomenological thought contained therein. Weil believes that the correct attitude of the cognizing subject consists of three elements: waiting, desire and attention.This attitude is very similar to that which we find in Husserl’s process of phenomenological reduction, the so-called epoché. Weil in her philosophy also uses the phrase la pensée détachée [detached thinking]. This phrase means","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133779228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.15633/LIE.3694
S. Gałecki
{"title":"Rozumowanie moralne – norma czy wyjątek?","authors":"S. Gałecki","doi":"10.15633/LIE.3694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/LIE.3694","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fundamental ethical questions is concerning the nature and method of the human acquisition of the moral knowledge – especially the knowledge about personal and actual obligations hic et nunc. Since ancient times this area of human activity has been called “practical” or “moral reasoning.” At the end of twentieth century there have strated an interesting disputet whether this moral reasoning is necessary and regular (it is a sine qua non condition of every human act) or it is something rare and exceptional, carried out only in extremely difficult and untypical moral situations. In my paper, I’m trying to resolve this dispute by referring to the commonly accepted distinction between reasoning resulting in a “having a reason to act” (implicit reasoning, first-person point of view) and reasoning leading to “give a reason to act” (explicative reasoning, a third-person point of view).","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122675938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15633/lie.3574
Polak Paweł, M. Wojewoda
{"title":"Narracje o technoewolucji – nowe technologie i nowy człowiek?","authors":"Polak Paweł, M. Wojewoda","doi":"10.15633/lie.3574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.3574","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126935771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15633/lie.3579
J. Słomka
{"title":"Zagadnienie cielesności w ujęciu Emmanuela Lévinasa: rozkosz erotyczna i pieszczota","authors":"J. Słomka","doi":"10.15633/lie.3579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.3579","url":null,"abstract":"Levinas describes erotic close-up and pleasure as analogous to meeting a man appearing in the face of another. This rapprochement realized in the caress is a delight. Pleasure is treated by Levinas as a basic way of human existence, as a primary experience of himself, earlier and separate from intentionality. This thought of Levinas makes it clear how sensual the sensation is in fact human, and above all how specific human the sensuality of eroticism, which is the sensuality of intimacy with another human being, and how different it is from sensations caused by any artificial impulse. This difference applies to all human corporeality. The human body and its sensuality are not simply matter and impulses. This approach to eroticism and corporeality allows us to see two paradigms of knowledge of reality and two anthropologies, and indicate the possibility of referring to Levinas’ bodily, sensual anthropology in moral theology in order to show the ethical dimension of erotic approach.","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131233653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15633/lie.3580
Urszula Żydek-Bednarczuk
{"title":"Ciało i cielesność w świecie wirtualnym na przykładzie reklamy, sztuki i mediów społecznościowych (wybrane problemy)","authors":"Urszula Żydek-Bednarczuk","doi":"10.15633/lie.3580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.3580","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is reflection on the body and corporeality appearing on the Internet. This topic is subordinated to contemporary ideologies, so it sets the way of thinking of modern people, new trends, fashions, activities and functioning of the entire axiological system. The body and corporeality are subject to contemporary ideologies: the ideology of consumerism, the ideology of individualism, the ideology of fun and ludicity, the ideology of everyday life and the ideology of transparency. The body presented in the advertisement, the body in art based on Stelarc’s cases and the body presented on the Porcelain Butterflies portal were selected for analysis. The considerations are accompanied by ethical and axiological reflection.","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117096344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15633/lie.3576
Polak Paweł, R. Krzanowski
{"title":"Ethics in autonomous robots as philosophy in silico: The study case of phronetic machine ethics","authors":"Polak Paweł, R. Krzanowski","doi":"10.15633/lie.3576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.3576","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores the application of computing science to the modeling of the ethical concepts. The modeling in computers is denoted as in silico modeling. The in silico method has found applications in biology, chemistry, cosmology, sociology among others. The applications of in silico modeling to philosophical problems (like ethics) are rather infrequent. Yet, the approach discussed in the paper holds the promise of not only facilitating the development of ethical robotics but it also may provide the insights into the philosophical problems themselves (by explicating their implicit structures). The paper provides also a brief overview of the concept of modeling in silico in historical and current contexts","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130367707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15633/lie.3577
K. Wieczorek
{"title":"Orszak wdzięcznych marionetek, czyli maszyna jako urzekający potwór","authors":"K. Wieczorek","doi":"10.15633/lie.3577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.3577","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article asks questions about the limits of human–machine relations. He draws attention to the fact that while at the time of the dominance of the idea of mechanism, there was a conviction that there was a sharp, inviolable border between the mechanism (which also included biological organisms, including the human body) and the mind, which is an attribute of soul-endowed beings, this border is blurred. On the one hand, we observe the process of “machine humanization,” associated with various practices creating the transhumanism trend, and on the other hand, the symmetrical (though not entirely) process of “embodying the mind,” which can also be figuratively described as “humanizing the machine.” The intensively developing current of research and experiments aiming at the emergence of ever more perfect forms of artificial intelligence must sooner or later come across another border: the autonomy and subjectivity of objects equipped with intelligence. Without asking about the technical side of this process, the author reflects on its reflection and repercussions in philosophy as well as in public awareness. He reflects on criteria that will make it possible to see when this moment occurs, and on the future of relations between man and the machine world in a situation where the machine will become an equal partner of man in intellectual life.","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116742526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15633/lie.3578
M. Mazurek
{"title":"Awatary i powłoki: (bez)cielesność w literaturze cyberpunkowej","authors":"M. Mazurek","doi":"10.15633/lie.3578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.3578","url":null,"abstract":"The article revolves around the question of the boundaries of corporeality in selected cyberpunk novels, with particular emphasis on the evolution of body representations in virtual spaces, which remains one of the main identification marks of the genre. Broadly speaking, the evolution in question proceeds from a peculiar negation of the body in early cyberpunk prose, to its aestheticization in Neal Stephenson’s Snow Crash, to the question of mind-body relationship touched upon in Richard Morgan’s Altered Carbon. In the novels under discussion, corporeality poses both a problem and an ontological challenge, as it is located in technologically-determined environments which force textual subjects, and hence the readers, to constantly revise the boundaries and the status of their own bodies in a world more and more often resembling cyberpunk settings.","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134423124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15633/lie.3575
Mariusz Wojewoda
{"title":"Narratives about Cyborgization in the Context of Technoevolution","authors":"Mariusz Wojewoda","doi":"10.15633/lie.3575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.3575","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to cultural narratives about cyborgization, in which the relationship between man and cyber machine is described. In this new approach, the machine becomes part of the human body, allows man to improve the quality of life, but also can complement human natural abilities with new (“artificial”) competences. The author of the article analyses the problem of three cultural narratives regarding human cyborgization. These three narrative models are engineering-pragmatic, biological-evolutionary and cultural-humanistic. They constitute the contemporary social imaginarium on the subject of technoevolution and the relationship between man and cyber machine. The author of the article, on the example of Andy Clark’s concept of the natural cyborg, verifies the thesis whether agreement is possible between these narratives. The issue of social acceptance for cyborgization is particularly important in the context of technological progress and questions about the essence of man and technology in the light of new opportunities offered by modern biotechnology and robotics with the view of improving the quality of human life.","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115874092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logos i EthosPub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.15633/lie.3582
A. Maliszewska
{"title":"Pojmowanie ciała w ramach koncepcji śmierci mózgowej a chrześcijańskie rozumienie człowieka i jego cielesności. Zarys problematyki","authors":"A. Maliszewska","doi":"10.15633/lie.3582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/lie.3582","url":null,"abstract":"The brain death definition, although starting from empirical data, is a purely philosophical concept based on concrete anthropological assumptions. These scientific data are only starting point which demands interpretation. The purpose of this study is to discover anthropological assumptions laying under the brain death definition – or rather, to be more precise, under two main types of brain death definition – and to confront the findings with view on the human being from Christian perspective, especially regarding the human bodility. Although it seems that most theologians and hierarchs of the Catholic Church are favorable towards the brain death definition, this idea is quite controversial from the catholic standpoint. This paper also engages in polemics with catholic theologians who try to reconcile the modern medical criterium of human death with theological “definition” of death, missing precious threads of Christian tradition regarding the human being.","PeriodicalId":353688,"journal":{"name":"Logos i Ethos","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116554750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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