Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais最新文献

{"title":"POLUIÇÃO DO AR E INTERNAÇÕES HOSPITALARES POR DOENÇAS RESPIRATÓRIAS EM VOLTA REDONDA (RJ)","authors":"Jéssica Guerra Inácio de Oliveira, R. F. D. P. D. S. Paiva, Marcelo Moreno dos Reis, G. Gois","doi":"10.5327/Z2176-947820200642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-947820200642","url":null,"abstract":"O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação da exposição à poluição atmosférica e as internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias (CID‑10: J00-J99) de residentes em Volta Redonda (RJ), no período de 2013 a 2015, bem como estimar seus custos. Foram considerados dados do Instituto Estadual do Ambiente (INEA) para partículas totais em suspensão (PTS), PM10 e ozônio (O3) e dados disponíveis no DATASUS referentes à morbidade por doenças respiratórias por faixa etária (total, crianças e idosos). Para estimar tal associação, foi utilizado o modelo aditivo generalizado de regressão de Poisson. Observou-sea elevação do risco de admissão hospitalar para a elevação de 10 μg/m3 de PM10 para o total de internações — lag 2: 1,39% (IC95% 0,23–2,55%) e lag 3 1,36% (IC95% 0,21–2,52%) — e para os idosos — lag 3: 1,89% (IC95% 0,02–3,69%) e lag 4 1,9% (IC95% 0,02–3,85%) —, de PTS para o total de internações — lag 2 0,84% (IC95% 0,40–1,64%) — e para crianças menores que 5 anos (lag 4: 2,2% (IC95% 0,05–4,02%) — e de O3 para os idosos (lag 6: 2,41% (IC95% 0,31–4,57%). Destaca‑se que as associações ocorreram mesmo quando os níveis de poluentes não ultrapassaram os limites estabelecidos pela legislação. Do total de internaçõespara o período, 99 foram atribuídas à exposição ao PM10, gerando custo de R$ 115.165,25 para o Sistema Único de Saúde. Espera-se que essas informações contribuam para a discussão da problemática ambiental na região.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116205606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aproveitamento de água residuária de bovinocultura leiteira no cultivo de citronela: Efeitos na atividade fotoquímica e na biomassa","authors":"Leonardo da Silva Hamacher, C. M. Hüther, L. Silva, Dirlane de Fátima do Carmo, Joana Mayer Coutada, Thais Gandelman Schtruk, C. R. Pereira, D. Cecchin, T. D. B. Machado, C. F. D. Pinho","doi":"10.5327/z2176-947820190482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z2176-947820190482","url":null,"abstract":"Águas residuárias de bovinocultura (ARB) leiteira são alternativas parafornecer os nutrientes minerais, reduzindo o uso de fertilizantes. Assim,avaliaram-se a resposta da atividade fotoquímica e o ganho de biomassa emcitronela sob diferentes doses de nitrogênio aplicadas via lâminas de ARB.O nitrogênio foi o elemento de referência com base no qual se calculou aquantidade de ARB equivalente a ser aplicada. Assim, as doses de nitrogênioaplicadas via ARB foram de 100, 200, 300 e 400% em relação à adubaçãomineral utilizada no controle. Fluorescência da clorofila a, pigmentos emassa seca foram analisados. Verificou-se que a resposta da citronela àsdoses de ARB aplicadas foi tempo-dependente, e a energia absorvida pelosfotossistemas foi utilizada para redução dos aceptores finais na cadeia detransporte de elétrons, promovendo, em todas as doses, melhor eficiênciafotoquímica, mas isso não refletiu no ganho de biomassa, principalmentedas folhas.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117154229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPORTÂNCIA DO PLANEJAMENTO REGIONAL PARA A MANUTENÇÃO DOS USOS MÚLTIPLOS DA ÁGUA EM BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS","authors":"Erica Zanardo Oliveira‑Andreoli, F. Silva, F. Lopez, Raphael Machado, C. Teodoro, Irineu Bianchini Júnior, M. B. Cunha-Santino, Ângela Terumi Fushita, S. Crestana","doi":"10.5327/z2176-947820190479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z2176-947820190479","url":null,"abstract":"A água é indispensável para a vida humana, mas a degradação desse recursovem acontecendo desenfreadamente, sendo imprescindível a formulaçãode políticas públicas ambientais que proporcionem um planejamento douso das bacias hidrográficas nas escalas regionais. Somente por meio dagovernança regional será possível a integração de políticas públicas quepriorizem o desenvolvimento econômico de uma sociedade e a proteçãoambiental. O presente trabalho avaliou as lacunas associadas aos planosde bacia hidrográfica e planos diretores dos municípios pertencentes àBacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão do Feijão, a partir do levantamento do usoe cobertura da terra de 1998, 2008 e 2018. Verificou-se a expansão deáreas antropizadas, que ocasionam uma deterioração das áreas naturais e,consequentemente, dos serviços ecossistêmicos. Dessa forma, a efetuaçãode um planejamento ambiental estratégico em nível regional auxiliará odesenvolvimento sustentável dos municípios inseridos na bacia hidrográfica.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124237295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire regime in Goiás - Brazil and Mozambique between 2010 and 2019: frequency, recurrence, and most affected cover classes","authors":"Sara Alves dos Santos, W. N. Oliveira, N. V. Ribeiro, Nilson Clementino Ferreira","doi":"10.5327/z2176-94781303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781303","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last few years, the world has experienced extreme events related to the occurrence of fire, which has caused a great deal of damage to people and ecosystems. In 2020 fires raged in Australia, Brazil, the United States, and other nations. Thus, the forest fire issue becomes a matter of global relevance and urgency and requires a better understanding and monitoring of these events. This study sought to identify similarities and differences between the fire regime, specifically the frequency and recurrence, in Mozambique and the state of Goiás, Brazil, between 2010 and 2019. Both focuses are located in the same bioclimatic zone, where savannas are present. Savannas, considered the most fire-resilient ecosystems, are not immune to the consequences of intense and frequent fires. Therefore, monitoring such events in these ecosystems is important, especially to identify characteristics that can guide decisionmaking. The methodological steps for developing this study involved database organization and using cloud-based geospatial processing platforms, which resulted in fire event characterization products. In both of the studied focuses, fire occurs annually in significant extensions, especially in Mozambique, where the burnt area percentage is higher than in Goiás. Such dynamics may be related to each region’s specificities. These results allow for a better understanding of how fires and burning occur in different savannas. and may motivate further research aimed at further clarification.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115129400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal Action for Climate Protection — impulses on the international level from the German Federal Constitutional Court: the Court Order from March 2021 on the Unconstitutionality of the Federal German Climate Protection Act","authors":"Stephan Tomerius","doi":"10.5327/z2176-94781329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781329","url":null,"abstract":"Against the background of the international climate protection aim deriving from the “Paris Agreement” of December 2015, demanding a limitation of global warming to 1,5° Celsius at best, the public discussion and anger on the mid- and longterm consequences of a constantly growing greenhouse effect have clearly risen. Along with that, “climate litigation” has turned into serious means to sue governments for inadequate measures to reach international and domestic climate protection goals. In a line of several legal actions and high court decisions in different countries during the last years is the court order of the Federal German Constitutional Court from March 2021. The judges considered the German Federal Climate Protection Act unconstitutional due to a lack of clearing a reliable legal path to reach the CO2-reduction goals and this decision was seen as a milestone in climate litigation. Combined with the obligation of the state to protect the natural resources by legislation, the court invented the “advance interference-like effect”on future generations and the “intertemporal guarantees of freedom”, two legal figures which could be possibly applied to constitutional law abroad and thus fertilize argumentation in climate litigation outside of Germany, too.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115233499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of foods sold in street fairs: analysis of pesticide residues in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)","authors":"Marcia Orth Ripke, V. Corralo, J. Lutinski","doi":"10.5327/z2176-94781376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781376","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticides are chemical contaminants that can be found in food. Those with the greatest residual representation include insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. The objective of this study was to analyze the presence of pesticide residues in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) sold at street fairs. This was a quantitative, cross-sectional study, carried out in street fairs in Chapecó, state of Santa Catarina, with producers of fresh vegetables, and consumers, and also analyzed pesticide residues in lettuce from conventional and organic cultivation. Data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire, administered to all producers, and a sample of consumers. Pesticide residues were analyzed in lettuce as it is the most purchased food by consumers. Pesticides surveyed included azoxystrobin, deltamethrin, imidacloprid, and glyphosate, as they are the most frequently applied on farms, and in cultivation of vegetables. Of the 67 vendors active in the seven street fairs, 30 were vegetable and fruit producers, and of these, 17 were conventional producers and 13 were organic farmers. The analysis of pesticide residues in lettuce from conventional production showed residues of azoxystrobin and imidacloprid, but below the maximum residue limits allowed by Anvisa. In samples of organic lettuce, residues of the analyzed pesticides were not detected. From the analysis of residues in lettuce, it is inferred that the food is safe in terms of the pesticides analyzed and that municipal public policies should prioritize systematic monitoring to ensure food safety and encourage the production of organic food.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125380653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actions and policy tools for local governments to achieve integrated sustainable waste management","authors":"Valdir Eduardo Olivo, P. Prietto, E. Korf","doi":"10.5327/z21769478968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z21769478968","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated management of municipal solid waste seeks sustainability under the premises of environmental protection, health promotion, and economic development. In this context, this article proposes actions and policy tools for local governments to improve quality and governance in waste management. A set of 23 actions is proposed based on existing conceptual models and available legislation. The results are presented in three levels as follows: planning of the administrative and operational structure, waste management, and performance evaluation. The results showed that the proposed actions need to be implemented through policy tools, such as municipal legislation, social communication, normative instructions, and technical studies. The applicability of the proposed methodology, which might be replicated in any municipality to increase the efficiency of the waste management system, was positively evaluated in a medium-sized Brazilian city, which presented an overall attendance level of 52%.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"18 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115210510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An outlook on the future of Brazilian agriculture: how farming students of Tocantins perceive sustainability in the Cerrado","authors":"Mark Lawrence Miller, Sarah Santos Ferreira, Michael Löbmann, M. Schermer, A. A. Foschiera, S. Zerbe","doi":"10.5327/z2176-94781328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781328","url":null,"abstract":"In the Brazilian Cerrado, the land-use change caused by the expansion and intensification of agribusiness farming has led to dramatic socio-environmental problems. To foster sustainable development, Brazilian farming students have to learn about land use according to the Sustainable Development Goals and how to implement them on their home farm and future workplace. Through a questionnaire-based survey, our study explored the perceptions of 128 students at the Family Farming High School of Porto Nacional on the sustainability of farming systems in the Cerrado of Tocantins. We analyzed the effectiveness of the school in teaching sustainability, the students’ occupational preferences and perspectives, and their sentiment about three common farming systems in the Cerrado of Tocantins, i.e., agribusiness, family farming, and agroecological farming, and their opinion on the business relationships among the three systems. Even though our study confirmed the effectiveness of school-work alternation models in transferring sustainability practices from school to home farms, it also revealed farming students’ poor understanding of the systemic definition of sustainability. Students defined sustainable and unsustainable farms with different perspectives and evaluation criteria, most of them referring to environmental indicators such as the way materials are used, whether the natural environment is protected, and whether biodiversity is preserved on the farm. There is a discrepancy between students’ occupational preference and their prevalent sentiment about family farming, agribusiness, and agroecological farming. While more than half of them would accept to work on an agribusiness farm, significantly more students have a positive sentiment in favor of family farming and agroecological farming than agribusiness farming. The three farming systems, however, are not perceived as contending or isolated but as partnering businesses, featuring low competition and high cooperation rates. Our study contributes to a broader appreciation of the Brazilian students’ perception of farming sustainability in the Cerrado of Tocantins and helps environmental education programs improve their effectiveness in transferring sustainability.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124750061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of carbon credits generation from organic waste composting of large generators: an alternative to the final disposal in sanitary landfills","authors":"Carlos Felipe Catorza, Ana Ghislane Henriques Pereira Van Elk, Luiz Henrique Soares Passos","doi":"10.5327/z2176-94781121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781121","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to measure the potential for reducing Greenhouse Gases by surveying the amount of methane avoided by a company that collects and processes organic waste from large generators through composting. The applied methodology was the avoidance of methane emissions through composting, from the Clean Development Mechanism, considering as a baseline the emissions of the Santa Rosa sanitary landfill, located in the city of Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. With data on the amount of organic waste composted by the company, the emissions of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq) were calculated, considering the standard emission factors established in the methodological instrument. The data show that the emission of 22,062 tons of CO2eq was avoided, which corresponds to a reduction of 83.5% of CH4 emissions, if the waste composted by the company were deposited in the Santa Rosa sanitary landfill. In terms of carbon credit, according to the calculation, this value would correspond to approximately 17 thousand euros annually (considering current values). Thus, the applicability of this study contributes as a scientific basis to assist decision-making and effectiveness of other composting projects, enabling greater reductions in emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the long term and adequacy to the future perspectives of carbon market development. At the same time, it contributes to the construction of alternative scenarios for mitigation and reduction of Greenhouse Gases emissions in Brazil and promotes sustainable waste management, as determined by the National Solid Waste Policy.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123837639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socially-driven risk in a town of the Amazon coastal zone: the case of Vigia de Nazaré, in Pará state, Brazil","authors":"C. Barreto, M. A. Pimentel","doi":"10.5327/z2176-94781546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781546","url":null,"abstract":"Vigia de Nazaré is a town located in the northeastern extreme of the Brazilian state of Pará, in the Pará Coastal Zone, a sub-region of the Amazon Coastal Zone. The town sits on the lower levels of the region’s terraces, and on fluviomarine plains. The different stages of its sociospatial evolution reflect the problem analyzed here, in particular, the occupation and urban development of the fluvial-marine plains, which was occupied spontaneously by large numbers of families, most of which are socially vulnerable. The present study investigated the physical and social processes that led this urban space’s vulnerability to hydrometeorological hazards, based on an integrated historical-geographic approach and the inherent precariousness of the environment. The data analysis revealed high levels of annual precipitation in the region, with a well-defined rainy season between January and May (mean monthly precipitation of over 300 mm), in an environment dominated by semidiurnal macro tides with amplitudes of up to 4.5 meters. In 2022, the high tide reached at least 4.2 meters in 60 occasions — the level of alert for possible rainfall-induced tidal surges. The recent occupation of the urban zone is concentrated on the low-lying areas of the fluviomarine plain, which recently account for one-third of the urban center. These areas are exposed to the hydrological dynamics of the local estuarine environment, which result in environmental degradation and hydro-morphodynamic processes alteration.","PeriodicalId":352759,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131459326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}