Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference最新文献

{"title":"Augmented Reality Interface: Guidelines for the Design of Contrast Ratios","authors":"Regina Koreng, Heidi Krömker","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97341","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As part of the quality assurance process in industrial production, employees make hundreds of decisions every day based on their experience and the given inspection specifications. The detection of quality deviations currently depends on the individual competence of the persons involved in the production process. With the automatic recognition of textured surfaces in camera images, valuable information can be given to support these persons in their decisions. For the design of augmented reality systems, the cognitive decision-making processes are first described in a model-based way and the requirements for design of the decision-making process are defined. The different lighting environments in the industrial process represent one of the important requirements of the augmented reality system, to function independently of the lighting. The good perceptibility of the information is the basic requirement for the recognition of contents. When implementing an augmented reality system, it is problematic to consider the different illuminance levels in a room. Depending on the task at hand, usually, the light at a machine is weaker and brighter in the quality control area. It is important that user-centered implementation is observed. Manual intervention by the end user in the augmented reality system is necessary to compensate for differences in brightness. This paper examines different lighting environments and the degree to which the user can clearly see content. An empirical evaluation is conducted to examine the clarity of content in AR. The aim is to find out how the difference in contrast at different lighting situations influences the differences in brightness of colors. The colors are chosen to display content but also to emphasize content. As a result, a usage recommendation can be made for grey values as well as for different color values. The consequence of this investigation is then used for the further development of sample solutions for the design of an augmented reality system. The focus lies on the user-centered development process and thus the integration of user requirements into the technical implementation should be ensured. The perceptibility of the information in an augmented reality system should not only play a role technically, but also physically. The perception of information is omnipresent, so one can perceive our environment. With the help of the study, a natural and easy perception of information should take place, which supports the recognition of important information in the everyday working environment.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Three-Nozzle Extrusion System for Conformal Multi-Resolution 3D Printing With a Robotic Manipulator","authors":"Yeo Jung Yoon, Minsok Yon, S. Jung, Satyandra K. Gupta","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98069","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Using a 6-DOF robotic manipulator for material extrusion additive manufacturing (AM) enables conformal printing onto complex surfaces while orienting material fibers at desired directions. Compared to a traditional 3D printer, conformal printing can produce parts with good surface finish, less number of layers and enhanced mechanical properties. In this paper, we present a three-nozzle extrusion system which can be attached to a robot. This system allows the robot to achieve conformal 3D printing with multi-resolution. One extruder is for printing support materials and the other two extruders are for fabricating structural material with different resolutions. The interior regions of the part are fabricated with a bigger diameter nozzle and the surface of the part is printed with a smaller diameter nozzle. This multi-resolution printing not only speeds up the build times but also produces the good surface finish. In previous work, we demonstrated multi-resolution 3D printing using two robots. The contributions of this paper are design and fabrication of a three-nozzle extrusion system, calibration process for the system, and its validation. The validation of the calibration was done by printing linear and circular patterns using different nozzles, and evaluating relative dimensional accuracy. This work will enable a single robot to perform multi-resolution conformal 3D printing.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126818893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a Broad Use of Gamification Based on Hand Tracking in Post Stroke Patients","authors":"D. Regazzoni, A. Vitali, C. Rizzi","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97926","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the last years, the advent of innovative technologies for tracking human motions is increasing the interest of physicians and physiotherapist, who would like to introduce new instruments for a more objective assessment of the rehabilitation processes. At present, many motion tracking systems have been developed and their ease of use and low-cost may represent the key aspects for which these systems could be really adopted both in rehabilitation centers and in rehabilitation programs at home. Several research studies confirmed the importance of continuing rehabilitation programs at home with the aim to maintain patients’ health condition at a suitable level for daily life activities. Physicians and physiotherapists need methods and tools, which can be simply adaptable for each type of patients’ category and type of rehabilitation according to the assessed pathology. For achieving this need, the technology has to be suitable for both the patient side and medical personnel side. The most suitable technology for the patients are motion tracking devices which can be used through traditional IT, such as laptops, smartphones and tablets. Also for medical personnel the ease of use is very important, physicians would like to check the patient’s rehab exercises according to their medical knowledge by exploiting daily life technology. This research work investigates on which are the best user-friendly programming tools and low-cost technology for 3D hand and finger tracking for the development of a serious game for rehabilitation exercises. The tasks are designed according to physiotherapists’ recommendations, in order to be customizable for any single user. The following sections will describe the method, the tools adopted, and the application developed.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128127218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model Bias Characterization for Effective States Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Modjtaba Dahmardeh, Zhimin Xi","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97954","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 State of charge (SOC) estimation of lithium-ion batteries has been extensively studied and the estimation accuracy was mainly investigated through the development of various battery models and dynamic estimation algorithms. All battery models, however, contain inherent model bias due to the simplifications and assumptions, which cannot be effectively addressed through the development of various algorithms such as Kalman filtering (KF) or particle filtering (PF). Consequently, as observed in our study, battery SOC estimation using a typical extended KF in fact is not very accurate where the error could range from 5% to 10% or even more depending on the battery characteristics. This paper proposes bias characterization of the battery model so that accuracy of the baseline model could be significantly improved and eventually SOC estimation could be much more accurate than the one only using the baseline model. This paper reports great potential for improving battery SOC estimation with the bias characterization and proposes two methods for actual bias modeling. In particular, the polynomial regression model and the Gaussian process (GP) regression model are proposed to examine the effects of the two methods on bias modeling and SOC estimation using a typical battery circuit model. Results are demonstrated in lab testing using three battery charging/discharging profiles with the cross-validation technique.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134510891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite-State Automata-Based Representation of Device States for Function Modeling and Formal Definitions of Signal-Processing Functions","authors":"Ahmed Chowdhury, Xiaoyang Mao, Lakshmi N. A. Venkatanarasimhan, Chiradeep Sen","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98248","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Graph-based function models used in early-stage systems design usually represent only one operational state and mode of the system. Currently, there is a need, but no rigorous formalism to model the different modes in the function model and logically predict the effects of the system transitioning between the modes. This paper presents a representation of operational modes and states of technical systems based on automata theory for both discrete and continuous state transitions. It then presents formal definitions of three signal-processing verbs that actuate or regulate energy flows: Actuate_E, Regulate_E_Discrete, and Regulate_E_Continuous. The graphical templates, definitions, and application of each verb in modeling is illustrated. Finally, a system-level model is used to illustrate the verbs’ modeling and reasoning ability, in terms of cause-and-effect propagation and the systems’ transition between operational modes.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"111 41","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131942179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Approach for Medical Assessment of Patient’s Injured Shoulder","authors":"A. Vitali, D. Regazzoni, C. Rizzi, F. Maffioletti","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97889","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Low cost marker-less motion capture (Mocap) systems can be considered an interesting technology for the objective assessment of rehabilitation processes. In particular, this paper presents a feasibility study to introduce a Mocap system as a tool to assess shoulder rehabilitation. The movements of a shoulder are complex and challenging to be captured with a marker-less system because the skeleton avatar usually oversimplifies shoulder articulation with a single virtual joint. The designed solution integrates a low-cost Mocap system with image processing techniques and convolutional neural networks to automatically detect and measure potential compensatory movements executed during an abduction, which is one of the first post-surgery exercises for shoulder rehabilitation.\u0000 First, we introduce the main steps of a reference roadmap that guided the development of the Mocap solution for rehab assessment of injured shoulder. Then, the acquisition of medical knowledge is presented as well as the new Mocap solution based on the integration of convolutional neural networks and 2D motion tracking techniques. Finally, the application which automatically evaluates abductions and makes available the measurements of the scapular elevations is described. Preliminary study and future works are also presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"336 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124305101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Reliability Model Validation Method for Mitigating the Effects of Measurement Uncertainty","authors":"Mohammadkazem Sadoughi, Meng Li, Joseph Beck, Chao Hu","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98202","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the increasing role of numerical modeling in engineering design and development processes, improved techniques are needed for validating computational results against experimental measurements. Most existing validation methods suffer from two main limitations: (i) they are often highly sensitive to the experimental measurement uncertainty, and (ii) extending these methods for reliability model validation requires large quantities of failure data that may be very time-consuming or costly to obtain. In order to overcome the aforementioned limitations, this study proposes an indirect reliability model validation method. First, a new procedure for computing a validation metric is developed based on Richardson extrapolation (RE) to reduce the sensitivity of the metric to the experimental measurement uncertainty. Second, a new validation metric is defined based on the limit state function (LSF) approximation to extend numerical model validation to reliability model validation. The proposed method is illustrated by validating a reliability estimation model for a cantilever beam under a vertical load.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115846469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"sBF-BO-2CoGP: A Sequential Bi-Fidelity Constrained Bayesian Optimization for Design Applications","authors":"Anh Tran, T. Wildey, S. McCann","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97986","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Bayesian optimization is an effective surrogate-based optimization method that has been widely used for simulation-based applications. However, the traditional Bayesian optimization (BO) method is only applicable to single-fidelity applications, whereas multiple levels of fidelity exist in reality. In this work, we propose a bi-fidelity known/unknown constrained Bayesian optimization method for design applications. The proposed framework, called sBF-BO-2CoGP, is built on a two-level CoKriging method to predict the objective function. An external binary classifier, which is also another CoKriging model, is used to distinguish between feasible and infeasible regions. The sBF-BO-2CoGP method is demonstrated using a numerical example and a flip-chip application for design optimization to minimize the warpage deformation under thermal loading conditions.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128314670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstruction of Gap-Free Intersections for Trimmed NURBS Surfaces","authors":"B. Urick, R. Crawford, T. Hughes, E. Cohen, R. Riesenfeld","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98372","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The modern engineering technologies of Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) are ubiquitous in engineering design. They are focused on creating, analyzing, and fabricating objects represented as geometric models. Historically, these technologies developed independently, such that their geometric representations are customized to the needs of the technology. As a result, combined use of these technologies has led to differences in data structures, file formats, software constraints, and user knowledge and practice, requiring translation of representations between systems to support interoperability. Complicating this situation is the approximate nature of modeling operations in CAD systems, which can result in gaps at the boundary curves between mating trimmed surfaces of a model. The research presented here is aimed at removing the gaps between trimmed surfaces, resulting in a “watertight” model that is suitable for use directly by downstream applications. A three-step algorithm is presented that includes analysis of the parametric space of the trimming curves, reparameterization to create a global parameter space, and reconstruction of the intersecting surfaces to ensure continuity at the trimming curve.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116985136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Twins for Space Factory 4.0","authors":"T. W. Martins, R. Anderl","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97151","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aiming the rapid response of mega constellation of satellites to cover the increasing demand for Earth observation and communication, in-orbit manufacturing is a promising approach. Driven by the NewSpace, which is leading a paradigm change in the space industry, the project Space Factory 4.0 has been founded to establish new processes and technologies based on the Industrie 4.0 approaches for rapid satellite assembly on an in-orbit platform. One of its fundamental approaches and the main contribution of this paper is the Digital Twins. In the scope of a Space Factory 4.0, the Digital Twin is a holistic approach for supporting and controlling systems for in-orbit Assembly, Integration, and Test processes, as well as satellite operations, by establishing a bidirectional link to its physical counterpart. It is an essential approach to obtain a digital representation of the current state of the real product at any time, enabling the recognition of and reaction to disruptive parameters at an early stage. To model Digital Twins and to meet the specific requirements of a Space Factory 4.0, such as the capability of sending telecommands and processing telemetry data, an extension of Industrie 4.0 component, called Space Factory 4.0 component, is proposed. This paper discusses this concept, its implementation and the results obtained and concludes to discuss its benefits and potentials for the space industry.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125589856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}