Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference最新文献

{"title":"Simulation of Nucleation and Grain Growth in Selective Laser Melting of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy","authors":"Dehao Liu, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97684","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Selective laser melting (SLM) builds parts by selectively melting metallic powders layer by layer with a high-energy laser beam. It has a variety of applications in aerospace, medical device, and other low-volume manufacturing. Nevertheless, the lack of fundamental understanding of the process-structure-property (P-S-P) relationship for better quality control inhibits wider applications of SLM. Recently, a mesoscale simulation approach, called phase-field and thermal lattice Boltzmann method (PF-TLBM), was developed to simulate microstructure evolution of alloys in SLM melt pool with simultaneous consideration of solute transport, heat transfer, phase transition, and latent heat effect. In this paper, a nucleation model is introduced in the PF-TLBM model to simulate heterogeneous nucleation at the boundary of melt pool in SLM. A new method is also developed to estimate the thermal flux out of the SLM melt pool model given a constant cooling rate. The effects of latent heat and cooling rate on dendritic morphology and solute distribution are studied. The simulation results of Ti-6Al-4V alloy suggest that the inclusion of latent heat is necessary because it reveals the details of the formation of secondary arms, reduces overestimated microsegregation, and provides more accurate kinetics of dendritic growth.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116489668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Framework for Automating Maynard Operation Sequence Technique Studies","authors":"R. S. Renu","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97692","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This research proposes a framework for automating Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST) studies. This is done by using data available in assembly work instructions, plant layouts and Product Data Management systems. Specifically, an investigation into the information flow requirements for the automated system is performed. One aspect of the information flow is investigated — mapping assembly work instruction to MOST activities and sequence models. A software is developed from the mapping, which acts as a demonstrator to show the usefulness of decision support during MOST analyses. The demonstrated efficacy warrants future efforts towards implementing the remaining facets of the information flow identified.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121926550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase Transformation Advancements of the Enriched Analytic Solution Method for Additive Manufacturing Applications","authors":"J. Steuben, A. Birnbaum, A. Iliopoulos, J. Michopoulos","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98189","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Renewed interest in additive manufacturing (AM) and rapid prototyping technologies has driven great demand for corresponding modeling and simulation tools. While most such models are defined via the finite-element discretization of the relevant multi-physics, the authors have recently developed a method based on the enrichment of classical analytic solutions to the heat equation. The principal advantage of this enriched analytic solution methodology (EASM) is its high computational efficiency that can enable in-the-loop process control in a manner that removes assumptions made for classic analytical solutions and accounts for additional physics. These features enable the efficient and accurate exploration of the high-dimensional AM process parameter space. This work presents a further enrichment of the underlying analytic solutions to include the effects of phase transformation upon melting and solidification, which are shown to be significant in magnitude. It is demonstrated that the available property data for common AM materials are not adequate for accurate thermal modeling (via finite-element, EASM, or other means), and must be improved via future experimental efforts. A discussion of the accuracy and significance of the results achieved, and a summary of further work necessary to bring the EASM to maturity concludes this work.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122037400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Autonomous Vehicle Driving Styles Affect User State?: A Preliminary Investigation","authors":"Yuan Shi, Wenhui Huang, F. Cheli, M. Bordegoni, G. Caruso","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98186","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A bursting number of achievements in the autonomous vehicle industry have been obtained during the past decades. Various systems have been developed to make automated driving possible. Due to the algorithm used in the autonomous vehicle system, the performance of the vehicle differs from one to another. However, very few studies have given insight into the influence caused by implementing different algorithms from a human factors point of view. Two systems based on two algorithms with different characteristics are utilized to generate the two driving styles of the autonomous vehicle, which are implemented into a driving simulator in order to create the autonomous driving experience. User’s skin conductance (SC) data, which enables the evaluation of user’s cognitive workload and mental stress were recorded and analyzed. Subjective measures were applied by filling out Swedish occupational fatigue inventory (SOFI-20) to get a user self-reporting perspective view of their behavior changes along with the experiments. The results showed that human’s states were affected by the driving styles of different autonomous systems, especially in the period of speed variation. By analyzing users’ self-assessment data, a correlation was observed between the user “Sleepiness” and the driving style of the autonomous vehicle. These results would be meaningful for the future development of the autonomous vehicle systems, in terms of balancing the performance of the vehicle and user’s experience.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"17 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125788347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framework for Design From Manufacturing Data Mapping","authors":"D. Eddy, S. Krishnamurty, I. Grosse, M. Steudel, Mike Shimazu","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97130","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Product development can be accelerated by utilizing increasingly available data from manufacturing and service. Despite data availability, few methods can integrate design to qualify product systems and facilitate the design of a product’s next generation. This work introduces a Design from Manufacturing Data Mapping (DfMDM) framework and process to enable development of predictive analytics techniques to learn final system test results. Salient features of the predictive analytics include introduction of an optimal composition of simulation models to more accurately predict system test results from digital twin data while determining which simulation models are most significant. The approach is demonstrated by a case study that accounts for parametric and model uncertainty. These initial results show that this approach to optimally compose simulation models can reduce error in system test result predictions at early product development stages.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123382777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Rapid Creative Design Framework for Complex Mechanical Systems From Conceptual Design to 3D Virtual Simulation","authors":"Li Yu-tong, Wang Yu-xin","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98150","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a systematic rapid creative design framework for complex mechanisms to support creative conceptual design schemes’ generation and 3D virtual simulation. In conceptual design stage, a rule-based creative conceptual design system is constructed to expand conceptual design solution space through operating design rules related to functional requirements of design problems with graphic carriers. Compared with FBS models or catalogue-based matching approaches, the rule-based system can dig out more innovative conceptual design schemes including generalized mechanisms. Then a great number of conceptual design schemes generated in conceptual design are represented with symbolic schemes and identified into constituent basic mechanisms and their connections. To the constituent basic mechanisms, the object-oriented (OO) technology is applied to set up their 3D virtual solid models with encapsulated key feature parameters, which can be automatically modified by system’s database with the aid of the new defined classes. According to the OO solid models of constituent basic mechanisms and their connections, a 3D space layout algorithm considering the connections among the solid models is developed to determine the position of each constituent solid basic mechanism. Finally, an object-oriented based kinematic analysis method is pro-posed to carry out automatic kinematic analysis of the complex mechanisms related to the symbolic schemes. By means of the virtual-assembly approach and the kinematic data, all constituent components in the complex mechanisms are put onto the proper positions as they are assembled manually. In this way, the systematic design processes for complex mechanisms from creative conceptual design schemes’ generation, to 3D virtual solid design, layout de-sign, kinematic analysis, and virtual assembly and simulation are realized automatically. Based on the framework presented in this paper, rapid generating and evaluating innovative, excellent-performance schemes of complex mechanisms in 3D virtual prototype form are possible.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126273614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling Performance Qualification of Additively Manufactured Parts Under Multiaxial Loading Emulating In-Service Conditions","authors":"J. Michopoulos, A. Iliopoulos, J. Steuben, Trung Nguyen, N. Phan","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98458","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The material imperfections generated by Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes across multiple scales can differ significantly from those arising by conventional manufacturing (CM) methods. To qualify these parts in a manner that accounts for all these imperfections without accounting explicitly for each of them, an outline of a rapid functional qualification methodology based on the concept of Performance Signature (PerSig) is presented first. The PerSigs are defined for both the prequalified CM parts and the AM-produced ones. Comparison measures are defined and enable the construction of differential PerSigs (dPerSig) in a manner that captures the differential performance of the AM part vs. the prequalified CM one. This approach is extended in this paper for the case of multiaxial loading conditions reflecting actual in-service loading. Application of the methodology is presented for a fitting bracket in the P-3C Orion aircraft platform and is based on synthetic data. The application of multiaxial loading emulating in-service loading conditions is proposed by the utilization of a custom-designed 6-DoF robotic testing system that will generate physical data.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115284184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a Functional Failure Analysis Method of Identifying and Mitigating Spurious System Emissions in a System of Systems","authors":"Douglas L. Van Bossuyt, R. Arlitt","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98255","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Increasingly tight coupling and heavy connectedness in systems of systems (SoS) presents new problems for systems designers and engineers. While the failure of one system within a SoS may produce little collateral damage beyond a loss in SoS capability, a highly interconnected SoS can experience significant damage when one member system fails in an unanticipated way. It is therefore important to develop systems that are “good neighbors” with the other systems in a SoS by failing in ways that do not further degrade a SoS’s ability to complete its mission.\u0000 This paper presents a method to (1) analyze a system for potential spurious emissions and (2) choose mitigation strategies that provide the best return on investment for the SoS. The method is suited for use during the system architecture phase of the system design process. A functional and flow approach to analyzing spurious emissions and developing mitigation strategies is used in the method. Use of the method may result in a system that causes less SoS damage during a failure event.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115951693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Usability of an Innovation Management Decision Aid","authors":"Elizabeth Gendreau, J. Summers, Lamiae Benhayoun Sadafiyine, M. Dain","doi":"10.1115/DETC2019-97801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2019-97801","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Initial usability testing was used to identify and fix usability concerns within a recently developed absorptive capacity assessment tool. The tool was designed to aid innovation management decision making by helping firms understand their processing of external knowledge within the context of a collaborative innovation network. Part of the recent development of the tool involved the implementation of Simos-Roy-Figueira’s revised method for eliciting subjective importance weights. However, the method, as it was applied within the tool, suffered from poor usability that could not be fully addressed. This paper presents a study on the usability of the tool further by conducting additional think-aloud studies to better understand its nature. Five common attributes of usability (efficiency, effectiveness, satisfaction, learnability, and usefulness) were characterized based on the findings from the think-aloud studies in order to develop a list of recommendations for improving usability. The goal of these recommendations is to help future academic developers of decision aid tools to better consider usability in their own work to maximize the impact and dissemination of their research.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"64 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131152264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle Force Prediction in OpenSim Using Skeleton Motion Optimization Results As Input Data","authors":"Rahid Zaman, Y. Xiang, Ritwik Rakshit, Jie Yang","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97520","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper describes an integrated approach to predict human leg and spine muscle forces during lifting by integration of a predictive skeletal model with OpenSim. The two-dimensional (2D) skeletal lifting motion is first predicted by using an inverse dynamics optimization method. Then, the prediction outputs, including joint angle profiles, ground reaction forces, and center of pressure, are incorporated in OpenSim biomechanics software to analyze muscle forces for lifting. Therefore, the integrated approach has predictive capability on musculoskeletal level. By using this method, we can predict and analyze muscles forces for heavy weight lifting motion which is difficult to simulate directly using a 3D musculoskeletal model.","PeriodicalId":352702,"journal":{"name":"Volume 1: 39th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference","volume":"14 15","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114053195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}