NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology最新文献

{"title":"Successes and challenges of ATO/JFO veterans’ involvement in the public and political life of Ukraine","authors":"T. Martsenyuk, A. Kvit","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.50-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.50-59","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents qualitative results of a large sociological study “Involvement of veterans in the public and political life: from military victories to personal engagements” (2019). 22 in-depth interviews with ATO/JFO veterans, 20 expert interviews, and 4 focus groups in Kyiv, Zhytomyr, Chernivtsi, and Kramatorsk were analyzed to explain legal aspects of veterans’ situation, to characterize ATO/JFO veteran organizations and conceptualize motivation of veterans to engage in public and political activity. Possibilities for veterans to return to a peaceful life after the war in Donbas are defined through political, employment, education, and creative opportunities in Ukraine. Internal and external challenges of the veteran movement activities are identified.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116267019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network interaction in student organizations before and after COVID-19 pandemic start","authors":"Kateryna Stetsenko, T. Kostiuchenko","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.72-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.72-84","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic since 2020 provoked the shift to remote functioning in a range of organizations, causing the change of formal and informal interaction networks in the organizations. The paper outlines the research results of the outcomes of such shift from offline to remote functioning in three student organizations at NaUKMA: “Ta Mohylianka” (TM), “Kyiv Mohyla Moot Court Society” (KMMCS) and “Buddy NaUKMA” (Buddy). The survey data on the network interaction in ТМ and KMMCS were collected in March 2020 before the shift to the remote mode, and after a year another wave was conducted in March 2021 to collect the data from these two organizations and another third organization, Buddy. This enables us to trace the change in informal networks due to the remote mode of communication a year after the pandemic started. As a result, we reveal that the informal interaction and friendship in organizations increased after the shift to remote mode when we focus on the actors who were in the organizations both before and after the pandemic started. Thus, they sustained and strengthened their informal ties that they formed in offline format prior to COVID-19 (this is observed both for TM and KMMCS). However, with new actors joining the organizations in 2021, the average ties strength for friendship networks declined for KMMCS. Moreover, the attribute of faculty that defines the work processes in Buddy caused higher average tie strength for friendship network within a faculty, but much lower between faculties. In contrast, TM as an organization also joins students from all the faculties, but its work processes are not overlapping with the boundaries of one faculty, so the friendship ties formed actively in groups that are heterogeneous by faculty attribute. In addition, we found that the level of integration of actors into the organization informal networks is partly interrelated with how the staff assess the efficiency of communication in the organization. The last outcome requires further checking with alternative tools and a more detailed scale to assess the efficiency of communication in the organization. For practical reasons, this also sheds light on the improvement of organizations functioning when the remote or mixed modes of work are planned to be applied in 2022–2023 academic year due to the wartime in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132945144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social-class conditioning of the perception of social inequality in Ukraine","authors":"Yevhen Krotevych, S. Oksamytna","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.3-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.3-13","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, domestic sociology has been successfully developing class analysis, i.e. the study of modern Ukrainian society as a class society with the corresponding identification of the structure and composition of social classes and the various effects of class belonging to individuals. The next stage in the development of class analysis in Ukraine was the participation of Ukrainian researchers in the implementation of a representative study under the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) with the main survey module “Social Inequality” and the publication of its analytical results in the monograph “Dynamics of Perception of Social Inequality in Ukraine according to the International Program of Social Research 2009 and 2019” (2020). The analytical work presented in the article is a thorough examination and clarification of the results of the ISSP-2019 study, in particular, regarding the social-class conditioning of the perception of social inequality. A number of research hypotheses were tested: in particular, that social classes differ statistically significantly in terms of emotional perception of social inequality; there is a relationship between support for redistributive policies through changes in the tax burden for people with high incomes and social class; there are statistically significant differences between classes in choosing a dominant strategy for achieving life success; there is a connection between the recognition of the importance of using informal practices to achieve life success and the class position of the individual; there is a connection between the recognition of the importance of socio-ascriptive characteristics for achieving life success and the class position of the individual. It is confirmed that there is a weak connection between the class belonging of individuals and the specified irrelevant variables, as well as the presence of a number of significant differences between social classes regarding the perception of various aspects of social inequality in society, in particular, regarding the classes of the petty bourgeoisie and the working class.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130015273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Researching social support on social networking sites: relevance and main challenges","authors":"Roman Lyubenko","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.39-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.39-49","url":null,"abstract":"The article outlines the current state of social support research on social networking sites (SNS), which is a broad category of online services, most prominent among which currently are Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok, and reviews key problems that presently influence the sphere. In particular, it summarizes the patchwork of approaches to conceptualization and operationalization of the term “online social support” (social support on SNS) that is present in the extant literature on the subject, while pointing out the main challenges that have been complicating the efforts toward drawing clearer conceptual boundaries around this term. The article also extensively covers the issue of creating valid, culturally sensitive tools that measure online social support, mentioning factors related to both the limits of the existing tools and the environment that these tools are intended to measure. The peculiar nature of social networking platforms as a research environment is explained at length, including their constantly evolving state, substantial variability across different services, and the privacy and security considerations that affect which primary empirical data about the audience of social networks can be accessed by the researchers. Both the uniqueness of SNS as the medium for exchanging online social support and the importance of improving existing tools for gathering empirical data about the attitudes and behaviors of the sites’ users in order to achieve a more systematic and valid picture of online social support are substantiated. The solutions to the aforementioned problems are not the focus of this particular text. Instead, the overarching goal is to create a comprehensive examination of the issues that exist, the ways in which many of them are interlinked, and the reasons why many of them have not been resolved up to this point, despite relative maturity of the research field. This groundwork will hopefully make the search for solutions significantly more productive.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116970739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout among HIV care providers: contextual understanding and measurements","authors":"Snizhana Dariievska, Tetiana Stepurko, Alla Boyko","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.60-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2022.5.60-71","url":null,"abstract":"Burnout among healthcare workers is a challenge for the availability and quality of healthcare services in many countries. Overall, burnout has far-reaching implications on doctors, patients, and the healthcare system. For example, emotionally and physically exhausted workers become less attentive and make mistakes more often. Moreover, contextual features of the healthcare system and the organizational culture of healthcare institutions can contribute to burnout prevention and vice versa. Burnout among healthcare workers also increases the risk of alcohol misuse, sleep disorders, fast food consumption, and the occurrence of obesity.Considering the shortage of standardized tools to measure burnout among medical workers, we aimed to adapt to the Ukrainian context one of the research tools: Maslach Burnout Inventory for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS (MP)). The MBI-HSS (MP) addresses three scales: emotional exhaustion (EE) measures feelings of being emotionally overextended and exhausted by one’s work; depersonalization (DP) measures an unfeeling and impersonal response toward patients; personal accomplishment (PA) measures feelings of competence and achievement in one’s work.From November 2020 – April 2021 we conducted semi-structured interviews and questionnaires among HIV care providers (N = 117). The result revealed that 83.7 % of respondents had high emotional exhaustion, and 58.5 % had high depersonalization. But the dimension of personal achievement level was not indicative of burnout in this component: 45.5 % had a high level of personal achievement. Pre-test and piloting of the Ukrainian version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS (MP)) show the validity of this instrument. In addition, it was found that relationships with colleagues and the management of the healthcare institution were associated with higher rates of burnout among healthcare workers.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127875968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dynamics of class self-identification in Ukraine within the context of discursive and structural changes","authors":"Yuliya Solodko, S. Oksamytna","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.3-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.3-17","url":null,"abstract":"The subjective aspects of class, such as class identity, class awareness, or Bourdieu’s “sense of one’s place”, compound the whole cluster of modern class studies. A sufficient amount of empirical data on subjective class issues has allowed Ukrainian scholars to define major class categories that are subjectively salient for Ukrainians, as well as to follow its dynamics throughout the period of Independence. This paper continues the tradition of such studies while using the data from the latest International Social Survey Programme 2019 and previous research. It depicts the current state of subjective stratification as it is viewed and constructed by Ukrainians.We use two methodological approaches here to define and measure classes with which Ukrainians identify themselves: one implies a single-answer multiple-choice survey question and the other is based on an open-ended question. That allows us to compare and verify the results received from the two approaches. Then, we analyze and describe the connection between the dynamics of class self-identification and bigscale changes of the Ukrainian transformation period. The working class and the middle class continue to dominate the landscape of the subjective class structure in Ukraine. These two class identities are the most popular ones whether being chosen by respondents in a multiple-choice question or being mentioned in an open-ended question. However, the dynamics of the two classes differ. While the public request for the middle class increases steadily, the popularity of the working class declines.We suggest addressing these trends, taking into account the conditions of time and place, both from local and global perspectives, and factoring in economic, social, and discursive changes of the period researched.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121870253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of using qualitative interviews with injection drug users","authors":"Serhii Artykutsa, A. Prokhorova","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.73-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.73-80","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to some features of using qualitative interviews when interviewing injection drug users. The main purpose of this article is to give young researchers and all social scientists some important hints and guidelines that would help them when using qualitative interviews for studying injection drug users. \u0000In the first part of the article authors make a literature review concerning specifics and advantages of using qualitative methods for studying specific groups or categories in sociology. However, there are many qualitative methods besides interview, that can be used for studying these groups (focus-groups, observation, content analysis, etc.), authors focus their attention on qualitative interviews as one of the most universal ones, considering its wide-spread use and advantages. \u0000In the second part of the article authors reveal and stress some major points on every stage of qualitative interview: preparation, literature review, methodology development, respondent recruiting, interviewing and analysis. Some of the major points are the understanding of the social and cultural context in which the studied group lives, always paying attention to the senses and meanings that respondent give to concepts that are important to the research, the importance of trust for the injection drug users due to the illegality of their actions that is crucial on both recruitment and interviewing stage, ethical issues concerning confidentiality and anonymity, etc. Also researches in this area include such components as practical recommendations and the ways or steps that could be taken to solve problems related to research problematic. Despite concentrating on the use of one particular method for studying people who use injection drugs, hints and guidelines given in this article can be applied to a wider list of specific respondent’s categories and can even be useful when choosing similar methods.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127706804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goals, obstacles and focus of heritage preservation activists in Ukrainian cities","authors":"Lorina Fedorova, A. Ryabchuk","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.60-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.60-72","url":null,"abstract":"Preservation of historic heritage is a prevalent question in urban social movements in Ukraine. This article focuses on heritage preservation activists’ experiences, including both movements to preserve specific historic sites and monuments, and movements against destruction of the historic environment more generally. We begin by conceptualizing key concepts of heritage preservation movement and offering a background of heritage preservation in a post-soviet setting. This overview is followed by a summary of research findings based on eleven semi-structured interviews with heritage protection activists in major Ukrainian cities. Their activity can be classified firstly based on the strategy of impact (top-down or bottomup); secondly, on the type of historic monuments that they want to preserve (classical architecture, modern (Soviet) architecture and small architectural forms); thirdly, on the territorial scale of their activity (local, municipal or regional); and finally, on their activities (cultural and artistic, political, media and awarenessraising, community-building, etc.).Challenges, identified by activists in their work, were classified as external (related to structural and contextual difficulties), and internal (individual challenges and group dynamics, related to lack of time, resources and institutional knowledge). More generally, the heritage preservation movement in Ukraine is identified by activists as fragmented, reactive, and marked by high institutionalization of grassroots activities and their cooptation. Activists are reflexive of their role in historic preservation and present themselves as the voice of the general public. They identify their impact as creating public resonance, a wide network of passive allies, institutional (as well as internal management) experience for activist initiatives. At the same time, however, they have little faith in the possibility of achieving broader strategic goals. Thus, despite their impact and efficiency in defending specific historic sites, activists are unable to preserve historic heritage in Ukrainian cities on their own. Potential future research includes conducting interviews not only with activists of large cities, but also of smaller towns, as well as using a multi-method approach and supplementing interviews with content-analysis of activists’ public statements, as well as taking into consideration the voices of other interested agents in the heritage preservation movement.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132903229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social business in Ukraine: challenges and obstacles","authors":"Myroslava Buchak","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.36-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.36-46","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyze the current situation of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine and to define challenges and obstacles it faces during development. A multidimensional study of the phenomenon, the relevance of which is due to a change in the whole paradigm thinking about what business is, what responsibility they bear to society, and what impact they can have on the society around them.This article contributes to the literature on combining qualitative and quantitative methods of research on social business in Ukraine. The empirical part of the study was conducted through document analysis (a catalog of social enterprises), semistructured interviews, and a quantitative survey. The perception and understanding of phenomena by social entrepreneurs were clarified. The barriers to social business development were identified and typified by resource, financial, communicational, system, and the quarantine as specific challenges during COVID-19 time.There is no universal definition of “social enterprise”, even among those involved in social business. However, there is a common idea of the image of a social entrepreneur, the emphasis being mainly on intrinsic motivation and outstanding personal characteristics. Resource barriers include rooms/building, land, and materials. Financial barriers are the startup capital, chances to get loans, taxes, and rent. Communication barriers are in interaction with government agencies, investors, and employees search and selection. System barriers are connected to lack of a specific status in legislation and the registration form for social business, also rejection and misunderstanding of the phenomenon by society. Quarantine was named as a specific challenge, because it threatened both social and traditional business during a coronavirus pandemic.The development of social business creates the demand for training programs and for the events where experiences and ideas can be shared. Considering the differences between social and traditional business models, there is a need to develop an appropriate system for monitoring and performance evaluation.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131059738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors of Ukrainian men involving in men’s movements that support gender equality","authors":"Maryna Ohanesian, T. Martsenyuk","doi":"10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.47-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.47-59","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Ukraine has received more attention to the issues of masculinity, the position of men and their participation in activism in support of gender equality. In Ukraine, there are several men’s organizations and initiatives that support the ideas of gender equality: dad schools, men against violence, HeforShe Ukraine and HeforShe Congresses, profeminist schools for men, national networks of male leaders against violence, an international union of courageous dads, etc. Feminist public activists appear to talk about the benefits of gender equality.\u0000The men’s movement for gender equality in the world and in Ukraine is seen as focusing on either women’s rights or men’s rights. According to men’s movement researcher Michael Messner, institutional privileges and costs of masculinity are the aspects of the classification of male movements.\u0000As a result of the analysis of six in-depth interviews with Ukrainian activists of men’s movements, Michael Messner’s ideas were illustrated with examples from Ukrainian society. Factors involving men in men’s movements for gender equality differ depending on the type of the men’s movement. Women’s rights movements were characterized by awareness of cases of discrimination against women and a corresponding sense of solidarity and compassion. Movements for men’s rights – by awareness of cases of discrimination against men in their own experience, a sense of the need to respond to the movement for women’s rights, and the situation of men’s movements in Ukraine, i.e. factors that directly affect men.\u0000In addition, it has been found that there are common factors in involving men in women’s and men’s rights movements, such as the existence of a feminist movement, a sense of the need for change, and a desire to be involved in local or global change.\u0000Expert interviews have found that the use of personal experience is the most effective way to influence the level of men’s involvement in men’s movements for gender equality, including in Ukraine. Attention to real cases of gender discrimination against women will be perceived more sincerely and openly than statistics. Attention to real cases of gender discrimination against women will be perceived more sincerely and openly than statistics. In addition, it is important to demonstrate the experience of men who understand the benefits of gender equality for men as well. They, according to experts, will be able to serve as examples for other men to follow.\u0000Separately, experts noted the role of education in the desire to join the struggle of men for the idea of gender equality. Both non-formal education programs and formal education on equal rights and opportunities can be tools for introducing changes in men’s attitudes to discrimination.","PeriodicalId":351555,"journal":{"name":"NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131724445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}