Acta Linguistica Hafniensia最新文献_第2页

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2249328

Marie Lammert, Hélène Vassiliadou

{"title":"Sémantique du nom <i>objectif</i>","authors":"Marie Lammert, Hélène Vassiliadou","doi":"10.1080/03740463.2023.2249328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03740463.2023.2249328","url":null,"abstract":"RÉSUMÉCet article étudie les propriétés sémantiques et distributionnelles du nom objectif, tout en mettant au jour les difficultés rencontrées dans l’élaboration de typologies nominales et dans la manipulation des tests dédiés à leur justification. Objectif est un nom capsule, largement reconnu comme tel dans les recherches qui lui sont consacrées. Cette classe de noms relevant d’un mode de fonctionnement particulier, il n’en demeure pas moins que l’on peut attribuer une catégorie sémantique à objectif. Les tests distributionnels proposés dans la littérature peinent cependant à circonscrire l’ensemble de ses caractéristiques, dans la mesure où il présente des propriétés des noms d’objets mentaux et des noms de lieux.MOTS CLÉS: Typologie nominalenom d’objet mentalfinalitéprojection RemerciementsNous adressons tous nos remerciements à Francine Gerhard-Krait pour nos discussions stimulantes et son enrichissante relecture de notre travail, ainsi qu’a nos deux relecteurs anonymes.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Nous choisissons d’utiliser l’étiquette de nom capsule pour éviter les écueils que soulève celle de nom sous-spécifié qui peut, selon les auteurs, concerner le niveau sémantique, syntaxique et /ou discursif et informationnel.2 La question du domaine touché par la sous-spécification est cruciale : des noms « spécifiés » d’un point de vue sémantique peuvent en effet être employés comme noms capsules (constat, aveu, reproche, etc.) et des noms « non spécifiés » ou généraux d’un point de vue sémantique peuvent aussi jouer ce rôle (fait, action, etc.). Pour notre part, la sous-spécification concerne, comme pour Legallois, le domaine informationnel. Sur la distinction entre noms généraux (ou sommitaux) et noms sous-spécifiés, voir Gerhard-Krait (Citation2021) et Huyghe (Citation2021).3 Certaines (voir notamment les constructions 6 et 7) apparaissent comme absolument non spécifiques des noms capsules. Nous renvoyons à la littérature qui a déjà largement relevé ce point.4 Les autres classes distinguées par Schmid (Citation2000) sont ‘Factual’, ‘Linguistic’, ‘Modal’, ‘Eventive’ et ‘Circumstancial’.5 Les autres catégories concernent les modalités aléthique, épistémique, appréciative, axiologique, déontique et relative.6 Voir aussi la relation sémantico-logique de projection chez Flowerdew et Forest (Citation2015, 44) et les « noms locatifs » qui expriment un lieu orienté que l’on cherche à atteindre chez Gross et Prandi (Citation2004).7 Nous n’exposerons pas ici en détail la démarche et l’analyse de Haas et al. (Citation2022). Précisons cependant que certains tests sont conjonctifs (marqués par ET), c’est-à-dire que le N doit satisfaire l’ensemble des constructions testées pour que le test soit positif, tandis que d’autres sont disjonctifs (marqués par OU), autrement dit le N doit satisfaire au moins l’une des tournures pour que le test soit positif.8 Dans une interprétation donnant les caractéri","PeriodicalId":35105,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hafniensia","volume":"60 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Les Danois sont-ils des incompris ? 丹麦人被误解了吗?

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2256568

Irène Baron, Lita Lundquist

引用次数: 0

L’énigme ontologique des démonstratifs cataphoriques 弹射证明的本体论之谜

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2246002

Georges Kleiber

引用次数: 0

Modalité, typologie et cognition : la construction devoir + I NFINITIF comme périphrase future et évidentielle 模态、类型学和认知:作为未来外围和证据的义务+最终建构

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2246248

Hans Kronning

引用次数: 0

Autour du concept de l’ adjet : la beauté de la simplicité 围绕adjet的概念:简单之美

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2246249

Lene Schøsler

{"title":"Autour du concept de l’ <i>adjet</i> : la beauté de la simplicité","authors":"Lene Schøsler","doi":"10.1080/03740463.2023.2246249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03740463.2023.2246249","url":null,"abstract":"RÉSUMÉLe but de cette contribution est de revenir sur les discussions autour du concept de l’adjet, terme forgé par Michael Herslund et Finn Sørensen dans les années 1980 et 1990, avec comme but de proposer une vision des relations grammaticales de la phrase qui puisse rendre compte de contraintes combinatoires entre arguments jusque-là non expliquées. Ayant participé à ces discussions, j’ai souhaité analyser le contexte théorique qui avait conduit à des prises de position contrastées.MOTS-CLÉS: Adjetdivergences entre approches en linguistiquela simplicité hjelmsleviennela simplification comme principe d’analyse Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Une partie de cette section reprend une nécrologie de Michael Herslund que j’ai rédigée (Schøsler Citation2022).2 http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/distribution-complementaire/.3 Ce point a largement profité d’une discussion avec Frans Gregersen, que je remercie sincèrement pour sa patience et ses lumières.4 C’est moi qui souligne cette partie de la citation qui me paraît primordiale, et qui se réfère à un sens commun des adjets.5 Il se peut que la succession des deux verbes “formulate predict” soit une erreur et qu’il faille en supprimer un. Pourtant, mes relecteurs proposent d’ajouter une virgule entre les deux verbes, ce que j’ai accepté.6 Dans un article de Citation2013, Kjærsgaard discute aussi de façon critique l’idée de l’application du concept de l’adjet à d’autres langues.","PeriodicalId":35105,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hafniensia","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136381483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Herslund on Danish suprasegmentals: an appraisal and a comparison 丹麦语超分词的评价与比较

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2251322

Hans Basbøll

{"title":"Herslund on Danish suprasegmentals: an appraisal and a comparison","authors":"Hans Basbøll","doi":"10.1080/03740463.2023.2251322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03740463.2023.2251322","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTMichael Herslund has, as is commonly known, contributed very significantly to Romance and general linguistics, both synchronically and diachronically. But he has also contributed important analyses of his mother tongue, Danish. I have had the privilege to discuss phonological and morphological problems with him, both concerning Romance (particularly French) and Scandinavian (particularly Danish) languages. Here I continue the discussion regarding Danish suprasegmentals, focusing on the entire complex around the Danish laryngeal syllable rhyme prosody called “stød”. In section 2, some basic prosodic features of Danish are discussed, emphasizing Herslund’s contributions and their relation to my own Non-Stød-Model. Section 3 presents challenges posed by Michael Herslund to the Non-Stød Model that have not yet been countered in a wholly satisfactory way. These challenges particularly concern circularity and productivity. This section is just one example of Michael Herslund’s importance for the study of his Danish mother tongue.KEYWORDS: Danishstødmorphologyphonology AcknowledgmentsThis paper is based on several earlier publications of mine (2005, 2008, 2014, 2018, 2019, 2022a, 2022b). I am indebted to Nina Grønnum for many valuable comments on the manuscript (both its first and final version), mainly – but not only – concerning style, and to two anonymous reviewers for numerous insightful comments and suggestions that certainly improved the paper.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.Notes1 Herslund says in a note that “This is essentially the analysis proposed by Andersen (Citation1954) into ‘α and β words’”. See the next note.2 Here is a conflict with Andersen’s distinctions: Andersen’s “α-words” only correspond to Herslund’s monosyllabic Type A-words, whereas Herslund’s polysyllabic Type A-words correspond to Andersen’s “γ-words”.3 Inflected forms of the latter as naboen (sg. def.) [ˈnæːˌb̥oːˀn̩] and naboer (pl. indef.) [ˈnæːˌb̥oːˀɐ] have long vowel and stød in the second syllable, and those forms thus exhibit the same type of secondary stress as anse.4 This agrees with Martinet’s (Citation1937, not quoted by Herslund) use of the category “i de très faible intensité”.5 A comparison between Herslund’s treatment of syntactic stress and mine is beyond the scope of the present paper; the same applies to his analysis of intonation: section 1.4.4 (Citation2002, 28–30), based upon Grønnum (Citation1992). (The final chapter of Basbøll (Citation2005, 514–541) concerns “From word to utterance”.)6 Cases where words ending in an obviously bimoraic syllable do not have stød, e.g., loanwords like spleen and native words like fersk ‘fresh’ (due to a sound change whereby a voiceless, and thus obstruent, /r/ is turned into a glide, thus a sonorant), are treated as (systematic) exceptions – thus not undergoing any stød-alternations – with the feature {–stød}, see Basbøll (Citation2022a).7 This follows from a subdiv","PeriodicalId":35105,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hafniensia","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135779161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A trichotomic view of the linguistic sign: from the distinction between hyponyms and hypernyms to the distinction between images and ideas 语言符号的三分法观点:从上下词的区别到意象和观念的区别

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2254973

Per Durst-Andersen

{"title":"A trichotomic view of the linguistic sign: from the distinction between hyponyms and hypernyms to the distinction between images and ideas","authors":"Per Durst-Andersen","doi":"10.1080/03740463.2023.2254973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03740463.2023.2254973","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTAccording to the theory of Baron and Herslund, English has a tendency to have names for collective concepts such as “chairs” and “bowls”, whereas French more or less consistently lacks names for collective concepts and, instead, has different names for different chairs and bowls. This observation is crucial and is not restricted to English and French nouns – when English uses one verb in an utterance, but Chinese more than one verb, we are dealing with the same distinction. All existing models of lexical semantics may contain tools to describe this distinction, but they lack tools to explain it. This is largely due to the fact that they are grounded in Saussure’s dichotomic view of symbols, i.e., as consisting of an expression unit and a content unit in which there is an arbitrary and conventional relationship between the two sides . However, if one adopts a trichotomic view, where there is one expression unit but two content units, called images and ideas, it becomes possible to explain the differences between English and French. Moreover, it becomes clear that “convention” and “arbitrariness” should be kept strictly apart, since they concern different sides of the linguistic sign.KEYWORDS: Symbolarbitrarinessmotivatednessconvention Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":35105,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hafniensia","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135995300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From complex prepositions to complex subordinators: challenging generalizations 从复杂介词到复杂从属词:具有挑战性的概括

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2246001

Christophe Béchet, Lieselotte Brems

{"title":"From complex prepositions to complex subordinators: challenging generalizations","authors":"Christophe Béchet, Lieselotte Brems","doi":"10.1080/03740463.2023.2246001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03740463.2023.2246001","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis paper presents a first approximation of the relationships within and between complex prepositions and complex subordinators from a cognitive vantage point. Because of the similarities between the two categories at the syntactic and functional levels of analysis, we first hypothesize the existence of a common productive schema that encompasses members of both classes within the framework of Construction Grammar. We then put forward a methodology developed in Diachronic Construction Grammar to analyze the within- and between-category constructional links in complex prepositions and complex subordinators in American English. We use multivariate quantitative methods to highlight the similarities and dissimilarities between the categories and make them visually identifiable. The application of this methodology to historical corpus data reveals that contrary to our expectations, complex prepositions form a relatively stable schema over time, without converging towards a common schema with the loosely connected complex subordinators under scrutiny.KEYWORDS: Complex prepositionscomplex subordinatorscorpus-based diachronic construction grammarAmerican Englishmultivariate statistical analysis Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 We use the terms ‘productive/-ity’ to refer to the tendency for a pattern to be used frequently to produce new types in a grammatical category.2 In this context, we acknowledge that the preposition does not impose the same construal of the situation: the noun phrase the rain projects a static frame of the object ‘rain’, whereas the clause invites a more dynamic construal of a continuous event.3 As was pointed out by an anonymous reviewer, the noun fact can be used with a relative clause in a variety of contexts due to its very broad and opaque meaning, especially in oral usage.4 In the remainder of this paper, examples culled from COHA will be referred to as follows.(example number) linguistic example (genre, year)5 We refer the reader to the study by Brems and Davidse (Citation2010) for simple statistical frequencies on the co-occurrence of complex subordinators with the discussed syntactic features.6 Here we use small capitals to refer to construction names.7 for fear of/that/Ø is also known to express conditional relations.8 for the sake of can also be used to express a benefactive relation to nominal complements.9 instead of is not discussed in this paper because it varies too much in its complementation profile.10 Brems and Davidse (Citation2010, 106) highlight that the non-finite nature of the complement clause is a facilitating factor for complex subordinator readings.11 We also acknowledge the fact that there is, to date, not any corpus big enough to allow a greater time depth for the analysis of low-frequency linguistic items such as CPs and CSs.12 For our purpose, we used R version 3.4.4 with the function MCA from the package FactoMineR and the function ap","PeriodicalId":35105,"journal":{"name":"Acta Linguistica Hafniensia","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135395155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Building bridges between conceptual metaphor theory, L2 speakers’ perception, and pedagogical practice 在概念隐喻理论、二语使用者感知和教学实践之间搭建桥梁

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2187989

Beatriz Martín-Gascón

引用次数: 1

Hjelmslev, a forerunner of the semantic maps method in linguistic typology? 语言类型学中语义映射方法的先驱Hjelmslev ?

Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/03740463.2023.2210495

Lorenzo Cigana, Stéphane Polis

引用次数: 2