International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Livestock Production System and Their Constraints in West Arsi Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia","authors":"Yassin Esmael Ahmed, Beriso Bati Bukul, Shemalis Gizachew, Asfew Negase Sanbate","doi":"10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190704.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190704.11","url":null,"abstract":"A livestock production system is a group of farm operations with approximately the same characteristics of climatic conditions and farming practices. Farm type identification helps to identify area specific problems and give proper technological intervention to address the problems. Therefore, this study was initiated to identify the livestock production systems and their constraints in West Arsi Zone. Both Primary and secondary data collection method was used to collect data. Secondary data was collected from Zone and concerned district offices using checklists. In addition to this, published and unpublished materials are also used as sources of secondary data. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select representative districts, kebeles and sample households. Focus group discussion (FGD), key informant interview and household direct interviews by using semi-structured questionnaires are used to collect primary data. A total of 264 sample households are selected to collect primary data. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the collected data using STATA version 14. The study result identified livestock production system was classified mixed rainfall sufficient (MRS) which cattle, equine and sheep production system dominantly practiced and mixed rainfall deficit (MRD) which goat, beekeeping and backyard poultry production system majorly practiced. The major livestock production constraints like lack of access to credit services, shortage of improved breed, lack of livestock technologies, shortage of feed, disease, and climate change were identified and the possible policy implications were suggested to address the problems.","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133652496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavitated Lesion in a Patient Infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)","authors":"Aceituno Cano Alexandra Maria, Gaquez Aguilera Elena, Galindo Flores Maria Fernanda, Vogt Sanchez Esteban Alessandro, Collado Romacho Antonio Ramon","doi":"10.11648/j.ijbse.20190703.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20190703.13","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that the progressive deterioration of the immune system in the human immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), either cellular or humoral level and the obligated role of exchange of the respiratory system with the external environment, makes the incidence of inflammatory, tumoral, and infectious lung processes high in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There are several microorganisms that can cause cavitated lung lesions in a HIV patient as Pneumocystis carinii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Staphylococcus aureus, among others. Rhodoccoccus equi (R. Equi) is, predominantly, an opportunistic pathogen who can also cause disease in humans, especially in immunocompromised patients. This report describe a case of Rhodococcus equi lung infection in a HIV patient, which highlights the importance of the therapheutic adherence and the epidemiological enviroment in this kind of patients.","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122725201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Helmet Fit on Angular and Linear Accelerations of Head in Ice Hockey","authors":"H. S. Moghaddam, W. Kwok","doi":"10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190702.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190702.11","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing the protection efficiency of helmets is counted as the biggest challenge in ice hockey. The main objective of this study is twofold: first to understand the effect of fitting on the protection capability of ice hockey helmets, and second to determine a possible optimal fit with respect to minimum head accelerations. A purpose-built monorail drop tower was utilized to perform front and front boss impacts at a velocity of 4.47m/s on a custom headform outfitted with a commercial helmet (CCM Resistance) with no gap (tight fit), 2mm (regular fit), and 5 mm gaps (loose fit). It was observed that while in both impacts linear accelerations were lower for the regular fit model, the loose fit model predicted the lowest angular accelerations. A loosely-fitted helmet provides non-deterministic shifting upon impact which generally leads to a wider standard deviation of linear and angular accelerations. The results indicated that in front impacts while introducing a gap reduced the risk of focal injuries, only the loose fit model suggested lower risks of concussive injuries. However, the regular and loose fit models showed better protection against focal and concussive injuries in the front boss impacts, respectively.","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128597297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Inspiratory Absolute Humidity on Leak During NPPV","authors":"Y. Fueda, T. Kataoka, F. Matsuda","doi":"10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190701.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190701.13","url":null,"abstract":"Noninvasive ventilator connects a one-way circuit with leak and delivers inspired gas via the upper airway tract. A heated humidifier don’t have to connect to contain heat and moisture exchange humidity in the upper airway functions. However, there are many case connecting a heated humidifier to be inadequate humidity in the upper airway. The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of absolute humidity on leak and inspiratory positive airway pressure during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. We connected respiratory machine, a heated humidifier and a model lung via two type circuits. One circuit was a single-limb breathing with an exhalation port and another was two- way circuits to distinguish the inspiratory from the expiratory via Y-piece. Two heated humidifiers were included in both inspiratory and expiratory circuits to simulate the physical lung. Relative humidity, temperature and flow rate were measured for 30 minutes. Absolute humidity was calculated using the Teten’s equation and a gas state equation with relative humidity and temperature. In results, flow rate increased and absolute humidity decreased, when leak volume increased. We presumed that warmer humidified gas was discharged through the leak port with increasing flow rate to compensate leak. However, absolute humidity slightly was not associated with higher inspiratory positive airway pressure at the steady leak. We supposed that expiratory gas was not capable to discharge due to increasing flow rate and might be accumulated into the mask. The expired gas temperature accumulated in the mask might affect the inspired absolute humidity. Consequently, we are desirable to measure the inspired gas temperature and absolute humidity. In conclusion, absolute humidity would depend on leak during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114194365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Propionate on the Spectrum of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Cervical Cells During Dis- and Neoplastic Transformation","authors":"K. Elena, Belokrinitskaya Tatyayna, Sholokhov Leonid, T. Pavel, K. Bair","doi":"10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190701.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190701.14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. There is some data of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) participation in cancerogenesis. The cervical cancer is an “ideal” model for determining the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of cancer. The aim of study was to estimate the influence of propionate on the spectrum of SCFA in cervical cells during dis- and neoplastic transformation. Materials and methods of research. Materials of the study - cervical biopsy verified morphologically. Study groups: IA - the focus of the pretumor lesion of cervix; IB - paradisplastic cells; IIA - locus of cervical cancer; IIB - paraneoplastic cells. The spectrum of fatty acids was analyzed before, after 24 hours incubation with 50 μmol/l propionic acid by the gas chromatography method. Methods of nonparametric statistics the Mann-Whitney test were used. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results of the study. The incubation of cervical cancer cells with propionate leads to an increase the level of propionate and butyrate. The incubation of \"precancer\", paraneoplastic and paradisplastic cells leads to an increase the levels of isobutyric, valeric and caproic acids against the background of a significant drop in the concentration of propionate and butyrate. Сonclusion. It can be concluded that the effect of propionate on the metabolism of fatty acids in the cervical epithelium of the studied samples is multidirectional and depends on the cell type. The dates indicate the modifications of SCFA in the cervical carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123688417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Transport and Deposition of Dust Particles in Human Tracheobronchial Airways","authors":"Endalew Getnet Tsega, Vinod Kumar Katiyar, Pratibha Gupta","doi":"10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190701.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJBSE.20190701.12","url":null,"abstract":"Dust is a common pollutant of the air we breath. If dust particles are inhaled and deposited in human airways, they can cause a variety of respiratory disorders. The inhaled dust particles motion in human airways goes along with the airflow. The transport process can be considered as a two-phase flow of a gas phase and a particle phase. In this study, we investigated the airflow and dust particles transport and deposition in human tracheobronchial airways using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. A steady simulation was performed in asymmetric tracheobronchial airway mode consisting of 19 outlets to observe the characteristics of airflow fields. The discrete phase model (DPM) was employed to predict the particle trajectories and deposition in the airway model. Deposition resulted from inertial impaction and gravitational sedimentation was considered. In the simulation, the airflow characteristics differences in the right and left bronchial trees were observed. The influence of secondary flow on dust particles motion was great. More dust particles were deposited in the right bronchial tree than in the left. The deposition fraction of dust particles in human tracheobronchial airways was high. This study can provide awareness on deposition of dust particles passing beyond the larynx and enhance prevention of their entry into the respiratory system. It can also contribute a convenient way on the location of deposition of particles of a given type in human respiratory tract to be used for respiratory disease preventions.","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130303123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitude of Malnutrition and Associated Factors Among Pregnancy and Lactating Mother in Meisso Health Center, Meisso Woreda, Oromia Region","authors":"Masresha Leta serbesa, Maleda Tefera Iffa, Mohammed Geleto","doi":"10.4172/2167-0420.1000456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0420.1000456","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Malnutrition is one of the major nutritional problems in which the physical function of an individual is impaired to the point which cannot longer maintain adequate body performance process such as growth, physical work and resisting and recovery from the disease. Malnutrition usually stems from low economic situation, poor personal and environmental hygiene and ignorance are contributed to magnitude of high incidence of acute problem of malnutrition. Recent studies found that the center of the problem is the backward socio-economic development of the country which in turn results in one of the lowest standard of living, low level of social service, poor environmental conditions. In this respect it no disheartening to the not that the state of the health service in Ethiopia is low even when compared to the Sub-Saharan Africa countries. Objective: To assess magnitude of malnutrition and associated factors among pregnancy and lactating mother in Mi’esso health center, Mi’esso Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was employed. The study was conducted from February 1 to May 30, 2017 among pregnancy and lactating in Mi’esso Woreda. A total of 304 sample was selected by systematic random sampling from the list of Clients, with different socio-demographic and the collected data was analyses by using computer with the total budget of 4846.9 Ethiopian birr. Results: The nutritional status of pregnancy and lactating mother based on their weight and height the BMI of the respondents indicates overweight accounts 12.6%, underweight 30.3%, and majority of the pregnancy and lactating mother accounts for 57.2% were normal nutritional level. The weight and height/length of the pregnancy and lactating mother included in the study were between 1.56 m to 1.78 m and weight 53 kg to 84 kg. From multiple logistic regression analysis family income (AOR=2.056, 95%CI=1.051-4.023) and age of women (AOR=2.169 (1.015-4.634)) were significantly associated with the nutritional status of the study participants. Recommendation: Facilitate rural-urban community’s access to information on nutrition like feeding practice sanitation, health and development program during pregnancy and lactation and efforts to expand awareness of women education using selected dietary during pregnancy and lactation.","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130482127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Based on Artificial Intelligence Neural Network CNN Method Analysis and Processing of Dynamic Optical Breast Lesion Images","authors":"Kaiquan Chen, Zhide Li","doi":"10.11648/j.ijbse.20221002.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20221002.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129679552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular Detection of Glutathione Using Synthesized Stable Sea Urchin-Like Gold Nanoparticles","authors":"Ting Lei Zhao, Zhe Zhang, Dan Li, Yanxialei Jiang","doi":"10.11648/j.ijbse.20221002.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20221002.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"36 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133280278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Brief Narrative Review of Glucose 6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency in Children and Its Genetic Variants","authors":"Yatika Chaudhary, R. Bhakat, S. Chacham, Swati Rajput, Prashant Kumar Verma, K. Mohan, Manisha Naithani","doi":"10.11648/j.ijbse.20221002.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbse.20221002.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":351050,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116150235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}