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Synthesis and thermal behaviour of β tricalcium phosphate precipitated from aqueous solutions 从水溶液中沉淀的β磷酸三钙的合成及其热行为
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-04-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225001597
E. Salahi, J. Heinrich
{"title":"Synthesis and thermal behaviour of β tricalcium phosphate precipitated from aqueous solutions","authors":"E. Salahi, J. Heinrich","doi":"10.1179/096797803225001597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225001597","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present study, β tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was prepared by precipitation from aqueous solutions. Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate Ca(NO3)2.4H2O and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4 salts with an initial Ca/P molar ratio of 1·5 were dissolved in distilled water and mixed at 20°C and pH 10. Phase evolution of the as received precipitate was studied by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy before and after calcination in a dry air atmosphere at temperatures in the range 200-1400°C for 1 h. Thermal behaviour was investigated by simultaneous thermal analysis (DTA-TG). Calcium and phosphorus contents of the as received precipitate were determined by the inductively coupled plasma technique, and a Ca/P molar ratio of 1·49 ± 0·01 was found. The densities of the as received precipitate and of powder calcined at 800°C were determined by picnometery to be 2·43 and 3·01 ± 0·05 g cm-3 respectively. The experimental data suggest the formation of an amorphous phase corresponding to a TCP-like composition, which is calcium deficient and contains a very small amount of HPO42- groups.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121778968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Erosion wear of ceramic and cemented carbide nozzles in dry sand blasting process 干喷砂过程中陶瓷和硬质合金喷嘴的冲蚀磨损
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-04-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009283
J. Deng, Z. Zheng, Z. Ding, J. H. Wang
{"title":"Erosion wear of ceramic and cemented carbide nozzles in dry sand blasting process","authors":"J. Deng, Z. Zheng, Z. Ding, J. H. Wang","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009283","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the dry sand blasting process, the nozzle is the most critical component and is worn by repeated impact of abrasive particles. Erosion wear of the nozzle is influenced by various factors such as its mechanical properties and microstructure. In the present study, monolithic B4C, Al2O3/(W,Ti)C, WC/TiC/Co, and WC/Co composites, providing a reasonably wide range of mechanical properties and microstructure, were produced for use as nozzle materials. The erosion wear caused by abrasive particle impact was compared with that due to an abrasive air jet, by determining the cumulative mass loss and erosion rates of nozzles made from these materials. The effects of nozzle material mechanical properties and microstructure on erosion wear were investigated. Results showed that the hardness of the nozzle material plays an important role with respect to erosion wear in dry sand blasting. With their high hardness, the monolithic B4C nozzles exhibited lower erosion rates, while WC/TiC/Co and WC/Co cemented carbide nozzles with relatively low hardness showed higher erosion rates under the same test conditions. Analysis of eroded bore surfaces of the nozzles demonstrated that monolithic B4C nozzles exhibited a brittle fracture induced removal process, while WC/TiC/Co and WC/Co nozzles mainly showed a ploughing mode of material removal. Both material removal modes seemed to occur in the Al2O3/(W,Ti)C ceramic nozzles.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124862221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Preparation and sintering behaviour of nanostructured SrBi2Ta2O9 ceramics 纳米结构SrBi2Ta2O9陶瓷的制备及烧结性能
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009256
B. Li, Longtu Li, X. Wang
{"title":"Preparation and sintering behaviour of nanostructured SrBi2Ta2O9 ceramics","authors":"B. Li, Longtu Li, X. Wang","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009256","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanostructured SrBi2Ta2O9 powders have been prepared by sol-gel processing and the resulting precursors characterised after calcination by DTA-TG and XRD. The results show that pure powders can be obtained above 600°C with a particle size of 60 nm, as determined by TEM . Pressed pellets sintered in air increased in density with increasing sintering temperature, reaching a maximum of 8·42 g cm - 3 after 2 h at 1250°C. In order to improve densification, Bi2O3 contents between 3 and 10 wt-% were added to pure SrBi2Ta2O9. The results show that these additions tend to increase density, but that decomposition by volatilisation of Bi2O3 at high temperature is retarded to a degree depending on the Bi2O3 content. This behaviour is attributed to the increased density resulting from Bi2O3 addition, which reduces volatilisation, and hence decomposition, at higher temperatures.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116704009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Complex permittivity andpermeability of Zn–Co substituted Z type hexaferrite prepared by citrate sol–gel process 柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法制备Zn-Co取代Z型六铁氧体的复介电常数和渗透率
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009193
Hai Jun Zhang, X. Yao, M. Wu, L. Zhang
{"title":"Complex permittivity andpermeability of Zn–Co substituted Z type hexaferrite prepared by citrate sol–gel process","authors":"Hai Jun Zhang, X. Yao, M. Wu, L. Zhang","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009193","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A series of Z type hexaferrite samples with composition Ba3CoxZn2 -xFe24O41 (x varying from 0·0 to 2·0 in steps of 0·4) were prepared by a citrate sol-gel process. Samples were characterised by TG-DSC, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Complex permittivity and permeability, and dielectric and magnetic losses were studied as a function of measurement frequency, composition, and annealing temperature. The dependence of natural resonant frequency on annealing temperature as well as on cobalt content was investigated in the range 100 MHz to 6 GHz. Reflection loss has been calculated as a function of frequency according to transmission line theory.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121764553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Grain and grain boundary relaxation in Sr1 -xLaxTi1 -xCrxO3 ceramics: impedance and modulus spectroscopy Sr1 -xLaxTi1 -xCrxO3陶瓷的晶粒和晶界弛豫:阻抗和模量光谱
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009201
R. Dwivedi, D. Kumar, O. Parkash
{"title":"Grain and grain boundary relaxation in Sr1 -xLaxTi1 -xCrxO3 ceramics: impedance and modulus spectroscopy","authors":"R. Dwivedi, D. Kumar, O. Parkash","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009201","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract T he structure and dielectric behaviour of the valence compensated system Sr1 -xLaxTi1 -x CrxO3 (x • 0·50) have been studied. Complex plane and spectroscopic studies of the impedance and modulus functions have been made in the temperature range 100-550 K to separate out the various contributions to the overall polarisation/electrical behaviour. The immittance data of various compositions in the system can be modelled by an equivalent circuit containing three parallel RC elements connected in series. These three elements correspond to the grain (bulk), grain boundaries, and electrode/specimen interface. It has been observed that the resistance of grain boundaries in all samples except x = 0·05 is higher than that of the grains. At low temperatures the contribution of electrode polarisation to total observed resistance is small in comparison with that of the grains and grain boundaries, and becomes significant only at high temperatures. Debye type relaxation owing to reorientation of dipoles is observed within the grains at low temperatures. With increasing temperature, Maxwell-Wagner type polarisation is observed at grain/grain boundary interfaces. The relaxation observed at high temperatures and low frequencies corresponds to electrode/specimen interface polarisation.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129898372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Dielectric behaviour and magnetoelectric effect in Ni0·25Co0·75Fe2O4-Ba0·8Pb0·2TiO3 ceramic composites Ni0·25Co0·75Fe2O4-Ba0·8Pb0·2TiO3陶瓷复合材料的介电行为和磁电效应
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009247
K. K. Patankar, S. L. Kadam, V. Mathe, C. Kanamadi, V. P. Kothawale, B. K. Chougule
{"title":"Dielectric behaviour and magnetoelectric effect in Ni0·25Co0·75Fe2O4-Ba0·8Pb0·2TiO3 ceramic composites","authors":"K. K. Patankar, S. L. Kadam, V. Mathe, C. Kanamadi, V. P. Kothawale, B. K. Chougule","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009247","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dielectric and magnetoelectric properties are reported in magnetoelectric (ME) composites containing lead doped barium titanate as the electrical component and a mixed Ni-Co ferrite as the magnetic component. Changes were observed in dielectric properties as well as in the ME effect as the molar ratio of the components was varied. A maximum value of ME conversion factor of 0·42 mV cm - 1 Oe - 1 (52·78 VA - 1) was observed in the composite containing 15 mol-% ferrite. Larger ME effects were observed in composites with higher contents of ferroelectric phase. This conclusion differs from earlier theoretical studies which predict a large ME interaction in composites with a 1:1 molar ratio of participating phases. Apart from the technological importance of the ME effect, some anomalies in magnetic phase transition induced by electric fields are also of scientific interest. The variation in dielectric properties with temperature resulted in two maxima, corresponding to the ferroelectric and ferrimagnetic Curie temperatures. This behaviour is unlike anything previously observed in other ME composites.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132556074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 28
Mathematical model of reaction between titanium pellet and nitrogen 钛球团与氮气反应的数学模型
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009184
H. K. Chen, C. I. Lin, C. Meng
{"title":"Mathematical model of reaction between titanium pellet and nitrogen","authors":"H. K. Chen, C. I. Lin, C. Meng","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009184","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The reaction between titanium pellet and nitrogen was investigated, under a regime in which both chemical reaction and gas pore diffusion were important, and on the basis of this study a physicochemical model was formulated to describe the reaction system. T he chemical reaction rate expressions, determined in the chemical reaction control region, were used to interpret the experimental data in the light of the model. T he expression for effective gas diffusivity De, which was used as a fitting parameter for calculation of the theoretical predictions, was determined to be 1·37 × 10 - 5 exp(-13000/RT) m2 s - 1. Deviation was found between the predictions of the model and the experimental data as the pellet thickness was increased. This is explained by the geometrical difference between the mathematical model, with flat surfaces only, and the actual pellet with both flat and circumferential surfaces. A geometrical factor g was introduced to compensate for this difference, the value of which was calculated to be 1/( 1 + 11·47L), where L is the half thickness of the sample.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133671485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Effect of water absorption on frost resistance of clay roofing tiles 吸水率对粘土瓦抗冻性能的影响
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009210
M. Šveda
{"title":"Effect of water absorption on frost resistance of clay roofing tiles","authors":"M. Šveda","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009210","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High frost resistance is one of the signs of good quality in clay roofing tile products. The present paper deals with the question of whether the water absorption of clay roofing tiles affects frost resistance. The results show that clay roofing tiles with high water absorption can be just as frost proof as tiles with lower absorption. Median pore radius is found to be an important factor in determining frost resistance: increasing the median pore radius increases frost resistance.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131541855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Preparation and characterisation of Ba3RE3Ti5Ta5O30 ceramics Ba3RE3Ti5Ta5O30陶瓷的制备与表征
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009238
P. Rao, Swapankumar Ghosh, P. Koshy
{"title":"Preparation and characterisation of Ba3RE3Ti5Ta5O30 ceramics","authors":"P. Rao, Swapankumar Ghosh, P. Koshy","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009238","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Polycrystalline samples of Ba3RE3Ti5Ta5O30 (RE = Nd, Sm) were prepared by conventional solid state powder processing. The calcined compounds were pelletised and sintered at 1320, 1340, and 1360°C for 4 h. XRD structural and SEM microstructural characterisation showed the formation of single phase material with tetragonal crystal structure. Detailed studies of dielectric properties (ϵ, tanδ) as a function of frequency (100 Hz to 13 MHz) showed that the compounds had a dielectric constant around 120 and a loss factor of 6 × 10 - 3 at 1 MHz. At 1 MHz, the Nd and Sm compounds had dielectric constants of 123 and 117 respectively.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125458367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Low temperature synthesis of LiCr0·3Co0·7O2 intercalation compounds using citrate, oxalate, succinate, and glycinate precursors 柠檬酸盐、草酸盐、琥珀酸盐和甘氨酸盐前体低温合成licr3co7o2插层化合物
British Ceramic Transactions Pub Date : 2003-02-01 DOI: 10.1179/096797803225009229
N. Amdouni, H. Zarrouk, C. Julien
{"title":"Low temperature synthesis of LiCr0·3Co0·7O2 intercalation compounds using citrate, oxalate, succinate, and glycinate precursors","authors":"N. Amdouni, H. Zarrouk, C. Julien","doi":"10.1179/096797803225009229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/096797803225009229","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The synthesis of Cr substituted lithium cobaltate LiCr0·3Co0·7O2 using four different low temperature methods is presented. These wet chemical routes involve the mixing of either acetates or nitrates of Co and Cr with a chelating agent in aqueous solution, namely citric acid for the sol-gel method, oxalic acid for the coprecipitation method, succinic acid for the pyrolysis method, or the complexing agent glycine for the combustion method. The synthesised products were characterised by T G-DTA, XRD, SEM, and FTIR. Structural analysis revealed the R 3-m space group for the solid solution. The electrochemical behaviour of LiCr0·3Co0·7O2 was evaluated in a lithium cell.","PeriodicalId":350675,"journal":{"name":"British Ceramic Transactions","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126965866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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