{"title":"Carl Ritter von Ghega – 2018 Surveyor of the Year","authors":"R. Paar","doi":"10.32909/kg.18.32.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/kg.18.32.5","url":null,"abstract":"Carl Ritter von Ghega was proclaimed 2018 Surveyor of the Year on 21 March 2018. In this paper, we explore how this Austrian of Albanian extraction, born in Venice, played an important role in geodesy and the surveying profession and the honours he got up to the present day. We investigate his background and details of his professional path, education and most important contributions in the areas of surveying and\u0000engineering at large. We describe his most significant achievement, that is, the Semmering Railway, which was dismissed at the time as impossible to achieve. In 1998, the Semmering Railway was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Apart from this project, which left a great impression on the engineering profession, von Ghega also developed\u0000the Borovnica Viaduct built in the mid-19th century in Slovenia.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":"18 1","pages":"64-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49658493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Open Questions on Writing and the Use of Croatian Exonyms on MapS","authors":"Ivana Crljenko","doi":"10.32909/KG.18.31.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/KG.18.31.2","url":null,"abstract":"Croatian exonyms are Croatian adapted names of foreign geographical features that differ from their original names (endonyms). The writing, use, and treatment of exonyms are not always unambiguous, unique, systematic, and consistent. Thus, authors and editors of maps and atlases frequently face the question of should they choose an exonym (and which one), an endonym, or both. They resolve them by entering various exonym forms, using both forms of names (exonyms and endonyms), or omitting exonyms even when they exist. This situation is a direct outcome of having multiple names and of the different use of exonyms. Double naming can be the result of the complex status of toponyms in multilingual areas and of a vague boundary between current and historical exonyms. Until recently, the problems of writing and the use of exonyms were usually simply stated and confirmed by scarce examples. The purpose of this article is to stress out the need to apply a systematic approach to exonym research methodology. The aim is to highlight the open questions on writing and the use of Croatian exonyms by analysing general and school world atlases published in the last forty years, and to confirm them with representative examples. As the analysis indicates, writing and the use of many exonyms in our world atlases is quite chaotic. This is a consequence of having unstandardized exonyms and overly general orthographic rules and toponymic guidelines for exonyms. All mentioned should be in the focus of a national interdisciplinary authority that would carry out the standardization of all Croatian geographical names as well as exonyms.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41566775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Kaufmann, W. Sulzer, Gernot Seier, Matthias Wecht
{"title":"Panta Rhei","authors":"V. Kaufmann, W. Sulzer, Gernot Seier, Matthias Wecht","doi":"10.32909/KG.18.31.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/KG.18.31.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a reconstruction of the kinematics of the Tschadinhorn rock glacier using multi-temporal conventional (metric) aerial photographs (1954–2015) and additional non-metric aerial photographs (2016, 2017) taken with in-house unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). A rotary-wing aircraft (hexacopter twinHEX v.3.0) was used in 2016 and a fixed-wing aircraft (QuestUAV) in 2017. The historical image data was acquired from the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying (BEV). Both a digital orthophoto (DOP) and a digital terrain model (DTM) were computed for each given epoch. Precise georeferencing of the image data was carried out in the Austrian Gauss-Krüger M31 coordinate system using available aerotriangulations (ATs) of BEV and additional ground control points (GCPs) measured geodetically during both UAV campaigns. Change detection analysis provided multi-temporal 2D flow velocity fields. Subsequently, these data were collated to produce a simpler velocity graph showing clearly the temporal evolution of the flow velocity of Tschadinhorn rock glacier: A maximum mean annual flow velocity of 3.28 m/year was obtained for 2014–2015, while the lowest annual flow velocity of 0.16 m/year was observed for 1969–1974. The velocity graph also revealed that 1954–2009 was characterized by generally moderate activity (0.16 – 0.79 m/year) and that much higher flow velocities have prevailed since 2009. The present value for 2016–2017 is 1.92 m/year.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.32909/KG.18.31.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48565731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Storytelling Map of the Upper Mara Valley","authors":"G. Ilies, M. Ilies","doi":"10.32909/kg.17.30.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/kg.17.30.2","url":null,"abstract":"Storytelling maps have recently become increasingly popular, as they provide access to otherwise inaccessible places or services. A printed map is a tangible object which mediates the storytelling process. This particular map, featuring the adventures of Pintea Viteazul (Pintea the Brave), a Romanian folk-hero, is designed to enhance tourist experiences\u0000during outdoor activities in a mountain area with relatively accessible\u0000infrastructure and scenic features: the Mara Valley and Creasta Cocosului (Maramureş, Romania). The main research questions revolved around the experience design. The research was based on designing and testing a specific storytelling map for mountain tourism. The main stages of development were the experience design and the map itself. Focusing on a complex geographic location famous for its volcanic relief\u0000and folk tales, it tells the story of the mountain by tracing a parallel between geological features and a national legend.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44054482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Brkić, Marko Pavasović, M. Varga, Marijan Grgić
{"title":"2nd Geomagnetic Information Renewal Cycle in the Republic of Croatia – First Results","authors":"M. Brkić, Marko Pavasović, M. Varga, Marijan Grgić","doi":"10.32909/kg.17.30.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/kg.17.30.1","url":null,"abstract":"The 2nd Geomagnetic Information Renewal Cycle started in 2017, pursuant to a request from the State Geodetic Administration and Ministry of Defence to ensure actual declination and its annual variation across the territory of Republic of Croatia. A test survey was performed at POKUpsko as part of the project in 2017. The PRM1 Primary Repeat Station had been destroyed, and the survey performed at a secondary location established in 2011, which subsequently became the primary location, known as PRM2. In this paper, the results of 2017 measurements reductions are presented, along with reductions in PRM1 and PRM2 measurements in 2011, and differences between the PRM1 and PRM2 locations, which are necessary to maintain the continuity of measurements at Pokupsko.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46357969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Petrovič, Anita Anželak, T. Urbancic, D. Grigillo
{"title":"Comparison of Valentin Hodnik’s Stone Model of Triglav and the Actual Shape of the Mountain","authors":"D. Petrovič, Anita Anželak, T. Urbancic, D. Grigillo","doi":"10.32909/KG.17.30.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/KG.17.30.3","url":null,"abstract":"In Ribčev Laz near Lake Bohinj there is a model of Triglav, the highest mountain in Slovenia. Made of stones, it is the work of the painter Valentin Hodnik from Bohinj. Although it is a work of art, we wanted to evaluate the correctness of its shape compared to the actual mountain. We photographed it and created a point cloud model using the Structure from Motion process (SfM). By transforming the point cloud to actual size, we were able to compare it with the actual shape of the Triglav mountain range obtained from Laser Scanning of Slovenia (LSS). As expected, the shape of the model varied considerably from the actual shape of the mountain, and the scale of the individual slopes and ridges was not the same. For a qualitative evaluation of the model, we calculated the distances between the transformed model and actual surface. The average absolute distance between the nearest points in both point clouds was 41.8 m (6 cm at a built-model scale) with a standard deviation of 38.0 m (5.4 cm). The results are represented by a picture of absolute distances. We also produced a smaller 3D print of the Triglav model and the actual shape of the mountain.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41702330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Analysis of Klobučarić’s Depictions of the Kvarner Littoral","authors":"I. Kljajić, Miljenko Lapaine","doi":"10.32909/KG.17.30.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/KG.17.30.4","url":null,"abstract":"Ivan Klobučarić was one of the most important Croatian cartographers at the turn of the 17th century. In 1579 he produced a panorama of Rijeka which is kept in the War Archives (Kriegsarchiv) in Vienna. The Styrian Provincial Archives (Steiermärkische Landesarchiv) in Graz houses a map of the Bay of Rijeka with a panorama of the city dated 1586, attributed to Klobučarić. His cartographic legacy created between 1601 and 1605 can be found in the Clobucciarich – Skizzen collection. It comprises 108 sheets. Most are double-sided. Some pages show two or more items, so that the entire collection includes around 500 cartographic depictions. In terms of western Croatia, there are about twenty. This paper provides a list of the contents of Klobučarić’s cartographic depictions relating to the area of Croatia. A sketch of the Kvarner Littoral from Rijeka to Sveti Juraj with the mainland hinterland is described, with a map of parts of Croatia from Rijeka to Omiš with the mainland hinterland. An analysis was conducted of the contents of the parts of the sketch and map showing the Kvarner Littoral, comparing the representation of settlements showed and those omitted, with toponyms on the map and those shown on earlier maps of the Kvarner Littoral. The paper indicates errors in previous works about Klobučarić’s life, work and cartographic activities.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48084570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Four Persistent Research Questions in Cartography","authors":"L. Meng","doi":"10.32909/KG.17.29.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/KG.17.29.1","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, cartography has experienced a number of paradigm changes seen in refreshed research agendas and renewed education programs. Yet cartography remains the science, art and technology of making and using maps. This paper addresses four persistent research questions in cartography: 1 ) What is a map? 2) What are maps made for? 3) How are maps made? and 4) Who is making maps? Based on a retrospective analysis of cartographic advances since the introduction of the Internet in the early 1990s, the author gives an overview of evolution with regard to map types, map affordances, mapmaking workflows\u0000and the roles of mapmakers and map users. While some cartographic principles used since ancient times will continue to serve as anchor points for future development, ever-changing technological potentials and user requirements force us to maintain vitality with more and more innovative maps and map-based services. The author also appeals for a sustainable map creation ecosystem supported by cloud computing platforms.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42375668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated Multi-Level Assessment of Regional Development Sustainability and Mapping","authors":"V. Tikunov, O. Chereshnya","doi":"10.32909/KG.17.29.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/KG.17.29.2","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes a method for the complex assessment of the sustainable development of territories based on social development, economic development and ecological situation indices. The method allows\u0000an analysis of the comprehensive, sustainable development of territories, and at the same time details elements of the problem detected by the successive hierarchical decomposition of the aggregated indices. It takes into account the peculiarities of non-homogeneous regions and those which are difficult to compare. Their evaluation using\u0000conventional methods of identification and typology does not produce the most rapid, effective, or objective results. The Russian Federation was used an example to test the methodology. The potential analysis of sustainable development was supplemented with a map created according to\u0000the colour triangle method, which allows the balance of components to be visualized at each level analysed. The theoretical principles considered and their practical use helped complete an assessment of the basic parameters of sustainable development in the Russian regions. Based on this, it was possible to form a unified list of criteria which might become the national standard for assessing sustainable development\u0000at the local, regional and federal levels, and recommended for practical use in the development and adoption of new regional solutions.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41613639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calculation and Visualization of Flexion and Skewness","authors":"Krisztián Kerkovits","doi":"10.32909/KG.17.29.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32909/KG.17.29.3","url":null,"abstract":"A recent study on map projections expanded two new measures of distortion, namely flexion and skewness. However, it introduced them only for the unit sphere. The present paper derives formulas for the rotational ellipsoid and demonstrates that these kinds of distortion always have a unit of measurement. A new method of illustration is described, by which these quantities can be visualized in an expressive way.","PeriodicalId":35029,"journal":{"name":"Kartografija i Geoinformacije","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47813448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}