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International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy最新文献

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Beyond Einstein's visions 超越爱因斯坦的视野
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2017-08-16 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006858
F. Moser
{"title":"Beyond Einstein's visions","authors":"F. Moser","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006858","url":null,"abstract":"In what way are Einstein's visions, and the accompanying research results of recent decades, relevant for us today? In essence, they prove without doubt that this world is of an entirely different nature than has so far been thought. Until today, a materialistic-positivistic paradigm characterised by 'Chance and Necessity' has been, and to a large degree still is, prevalent in this world. That paradigm means: Man evolved purely by chance from out of nowhere, and only survived out of necessity - the law of survival of the fittest. In contrast to these views, research has proved what Einstein already foresaw, that 'everything is nothing', i.e. matter does not exist and everything there is, is mind or spirit. This, then, is the essence of our being, and Einstein has been proven correct. Research has further substantiated that time is an illusion and the basis of our reality is therefore timelessness. From these basic understandings, it follows that we are in every respect the creators of our own destiny and that in doing injustice to others, we harm only ourselves. All our foresight, and what we think and do in innovation, is therefore, in every respect and always, governed by this basic choice.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"12 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44967023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Global Change Data Base pictures global dynamics 全球变化数据库描绘了全球动态
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2017-08-16 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006864
G. Ahamer
{"title":"The Global Change Data Base pictures global dynamics","authors":"G. Ahamer","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006864","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to combine prospective and didactic approaches with a sound and detailed database describing global trends, including mainly energy and technologies. It suggests how internationally accepted data sources can trigger hypothesis building and facilitate their discussion processes while learning. Current themes such as globalisation and global change are first structured along easy formulaic approaches and then described by a tool based on information technology, namely the author's Global Change Data Base. Graphically oriented representations of the complex data structure allow students to develop and test hypotheses on globalisation and future trends that quantitatively support well-informed dialogue and consensus finding in class. The meaning of 'societal targets' is quantitatively defined by the value of the second derivative of a time series. Experience shows that time is often too short during traditional courses; therefore, interdisciplinary seminars are best suitable for the suggested learning strategy. The density of social interaction increases visibly when offering both information and communication technology tools and manageable data sources including analytical tools. Game-based learning (as suggested in this article) attracts more self-generated interest, compassion and perseverance in students than frontal teaching. As learning is boosted by real-world interaction and peer communication, this and similar learning strategies look promising.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"12 1","pages":"121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42748181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A multi-perspective view on global economic and ecological system 全球经济与生态系统的多重视角
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2017-08-16 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006869
Martina Pfarrhofer
{"title":"A multi-perspective view on global economic and ecological system","authors":"Martina Pfarrhofer","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2017.10006869","url":null,"abstract":"Interdisciplinary thinking is essential in order to find solutions to many challenges of our time and avoid a lack of foresight. This article points out the importance of thinking in multiple perspectives and shows one example of how different fields and theories can be combined. This leads to conclusions, which cannot be neglected for understanding our world and should be considered for further developments. The example brings together the global economic system and the ecological system by using basic principles of Niklas Luhmann's systems theory. Although being considered as differentiated systems they influence each other. Contrasting developments and differing fundamental characteristics lead to discrepancies, which endanger many organisms and can only be resolved if they are approached on a broad and interdisciplinary basis.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"12 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46944439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Demonstration projects in transition processes to sustainable energy and transport 向可持续能源和运输过渡过程中的示范项目
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078370
Antje Klitkou
{"title":"Demonstration projects in transition processes to sustainable energy and transport","authors":"Antje Klitkou","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078370","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an analysis was made of the role of public support schemes funding demonstration, test and trial activities for sustainable development in energy and road transport. This paper presents the analysis of the effects of demonstration projects in transition processes to sustainable energy and transport in the Scandinavian countries on the development of knowledge networks and on interaction with users. The main purpose of this paper is: (1) to analyse the role of publically funded demonstration projects concerning changes in knowledge networks of project participants over time; (2) analysing policy priorities in collaboration by the public funding programmes. The paper addresses following research questions: (1) How successful are Scandinavian demonstration projects in contributing to the development of knowledge networks for sustainable energy and transport transitions? (2) Do Scandinavian demonstration programmes prioritise learning in international knowledge networks and user involvement? (3) How have demonstration projects contributed to transition processes?","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078370","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66792341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strategic scenario construction made easy 战略场景构建变得容易
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078349
Henrik Johannsen Duus
{"title":"Strategic scenario construction made easy","authors":"Henrik Johannsen Duus","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078349","url":null,"abstract":"Scenario planning is a well-known way to develop corporate strategy by creating multiple images of alternative futures. Yet although scenario planning grew from very hands-on strategy development efforts in the military and from operations research dedicated to solving practical problems, the use of scenarios in business has, in many cases, remained a cumbersome affair. Very often a large group of consultants, employees and staff is involved in the development of scenarios and strategies, thus making the whole process expensive in terms of time, money and human resources. In response, this article uses insights from the area of strategic forecasting (of which scenario planning is a proper subset) and experiences gained from a recent course in that area to develop a simpler, more direct, hands-on method for scenario construction and to provide several ideas for scenario construction that can be used by a broader circle of firms.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":"167-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66791906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Using transition management concepts for the evaluation of intersecting policy domains ('grand challenges'): the case of Swedish, Norwegian and UK biofuel policy 使用过渡管理概念评估交叉政策领域(“重大挑战”):瑞典、挪威和英国生物燃料政策的案例
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078326
P. Upham, Antje Klitkou, D. S. Olsen
{"title":"Using transition management concepts for the evaluation of intersecting policy domains ('grand challenges'): the case of Swedish, Norwegian and UK biofuel policy","authors":"P. Upham, Antje Klitkou, D. S. Olsen","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078326","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of 'grand challenges' (GC) is increasingly used in international research and innovation discourse, but risks being used rhetorically to justify business as usual policy approaches. We draw on a study that maps the characteristics of policy problems and proposals referred to in association with 'GC', showing how transition management fits well as a response to these characteristics. We then use the transition management perspective to evaluate prevailing research and innovation policy for an exemplar policy sector (biofuels), in countries with differing policy histories for that sector (the UK, Norway and Sweden). We argue that transition management functions well as a means of highlighting not only policy shortcomings in a sector, but also policy directions appropriate to the scale of GC.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66791851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Grand Challenges in US science policy attempt policy innovation 美国科学政策面临的重大挑战是政策创新的尝试
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078379
D. Hicks
{"title":"Grand Challenges in US science policy attempt policy innovation","authors":"D. Hicks","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078379","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the historical development of the Grand Challenges concept in US science policy. The concept originated in advocacy for funding for high-performance computing and was enshrined in the High-Performance Computing Act of 1991. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's Grand Challenges in Global Health programme marked a second milestone in the application of the concept to US science funding. The National Academy of Engineering's Grand Challenges in Engineering followed in 2008. Most recently, the White House has pursued programmes under the Grand Challenges rubric. The history of these varied initiatives spanning 40 years is examined here to identify core elements and continuity as well as to explore the relationship between innovation and tradition in US Science Policy.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":"22-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66792666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Competing technological innovation systems as a challenge for new mission orientation - insights from the German Energiewende 竞争的技术创新系统是对新任务定位的挑战——来自德国能源转型的见解
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078382
C. Dreher, M. Kovác, Carsten Schwäbe
{"title":"Competing technological innovation systems as a challenge for new mission orientation - insights from the German Energiewende","authors":"C. Dreher, M. Kovác, Carsten Schwäbe","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078382","url":null,"abstract":"In the past decade, a major feature of science, technology and innovation (STI) policy has been the widespread adoption of a new mission-oriented approach based on 'grand challenges'. The concept reflects the idea of putting societal challenges into the centre of contemporary STI policy choice and design. However, little is known about how this new orientation will challenge today's policy practices and which policy mechanisms will be needed to support the fulfilment of such a goal. In this article we interpret the 'grand challenges' approach as a competition between different but dependent technological innovation systems. Out of this perspective we present an analysis of the current German energy revolution (Energiewende) and explore the significance of interacting and competing technological innovation systems (TIS) for goal-oriented policies. Building on the functional approach for studying TIS and insights from the time-strategic approach, we demonstrate that the governance of competing TIS leads to specific new challenges for STI policy. Especially the monitoring of technological development stages, reflexive policies and dynamic instrument adjustments are newly becoming necessary and highly dynamic policy elements.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66792720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Emergence of societal challenges-based innovation policies in market-based innovation systems: lessons from Estonia 基于市场的创新体系中基于社会挑战的创新政策的出现:来自爱沙尼亚的经验教训
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078366
Erkki Karo, Veiko Lember
{"title":"Emergence of societal challenges-based innovation policies in market-based innovation systems: lessons from Estonia","authors":"Erkki Karo, Veiko Lember","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078366","url":null,"abstract":"The societal challenges-based approach to science, technology and innovation (STI) policy is currently one of the key ways by which the EU seeks to break away from the linear and science-push driven policy thinking. This seems to raise complex challenges of policy legitimisation, rationalisation and institutionalisation especially in the countries that have tried to build market-based innovation systems. Based on the case study of Estonia, we show that in addition to the development of new policy mixes and coordination instruments, such policy shift may also require the re-thinking of core STI policy rationales and legitimisation practices, and these may have to be further supported by experimental policy approaches and institutional innovations for changing the habits and routines of key STI system actors.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":"126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66792091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
The digital and natural worlds: crisis or challenge? 数字世界与自然世界:危机还是挑战?
International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy Pub Date : 2016-08-17 DOI: 10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078377
D. Loveridge
{"title":"The digital and natural worlds: crisis or challenge?","authors":"D. Loveridge","doi":"10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078377","url":null,"abstract":"The digital world appeared 80 years ago. Little attention was paid to it until WW II when code breaking became of paramount importance. The subsequent evolution of the electronics industry was challenge driven typical of a digital world of technical specialists, a situation that existed until the arrival of consumer electronics. The digital world quickly became ubiquitous acquiring an unstoppable momentum, especially once parallel developments in software created the so-called 'killer' applications. The digital worlds' ubiquitous penetration of human societies raised the spectre of a crisis between existence and extinction, an ever-present phenomenon throughout human existence. The crisis takes many interconnected forms perceived as a cascade of situations containing many turning points involving multiple and interconnected themes. For this reason the paper suggests that all research be underlain by the notion of a crisis in preference to that of a challenge based on well-defined problem-solving. The digital world will shape all lives well into the future, providing mutual existence in opposition to extinction.","PeriodicalId":35015,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":"148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJFIP.2016.078377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66792413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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