{"title":"Sailing towards Crete: The Port of Modon","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789004499546_005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004499546_005","url":null,"abstract":"After sailing through the Ionian Islands, pilgrims’ galleys arrived at Modon, one of Venice’s oculi capitales and one of the most important trading centres of the Ionian Sea (Fig. 46). Before entering the port of Modon, galleys would often stop at Sapienza, the biggest of a group of small islands located south of the town, protecting it from the open sea (Fig. 47). In the 14th century the Venetians established a lookout post on this island, from which flag or fire signals informed the city of approaching ships.2 Many pilgrims mention stopping at Sapienza and remaining there for hours or days when opposing winds prevented them from entering the port.3 Some of them refer to a church on a hill, as well as to hermits living on the island. The French Nompar de Caumont (1418) was the first to refer to the deserted island where hermits resided at a church dedicated to the Virgin.4 In 1470 the German nobleman Gaudenz von","PeriodicalId":350116,"journal":{"name":"Shrines in a Fluid Space: The Shaping of New Holy Sites in the Ionian Islands, the Peloponnese and Crete under Venetian Rule (14th-16th Centuries)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128684359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sailing towards the Peloponnese: The Strophades Islands","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789004499546_004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004499546_004","url":null,"abstract":"Having left Corfu, and while sailing through the Ionian Sea towards the Peloponnese, most of the pilgrims’ galleys would pass near the two small islets of the Strophades. Their location in the open sea on the main route connecting Venice to the Holy Land, as well as the wells of potable water that could be found at the larger one of them, made them a popular stopping point for the ships travelling through the Ionian (Fig. 37). Built on the larger island of Stamfani, the monastery of the Virgin provided an additional reason for ships carrying religious travellers to dock at its port; the Virgin of Strophades was highly venerated by the seafarers, who integrated it into their holy sailing topography, as expressed in the Santa Parola litany.2 The site is of a peculiar nature. It is not exactly a port, nor a town, nor even a settlement, and not exactly a monastery. It is a strong fortress housing a monastery, built on the shore of a small islet, on what can be described as a little natural docking point (Fig. 38). The fortified monastery was manned – at least during the time frame of this study – by a cenobitic community of Greek Orthodox monks. Thus, conceptually, visually and geographically, it is a liminal space, on the borders between land and sea and between the earthly and heavenly dimension.","PeriodicalId":350116,"journal":{"name":"Shrines in a Fluid Space: The Shaping of New Holy Sites in the Ionian Islands, the Peloponnese and Crete under Venetian Rule (14th-16th Centuries)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114418044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Island of Crete and the Town of Candia","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789004499546_006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004499546_006","url":null,"abstract":"Having sailed through the Ionian and along the coasts of the Peloponnese, pilgrims’ galleys arrived at the island of Crete and the town of Candia. Although it was one of the most important trading centres in the Mediterranean and a necessary stop on the route leading to the East, the port of Candia, an artificial harbour built by the Venetians, was not always easy to enter. Quite often, mainly because of opposing winds, the ships heading towards the town docked at the safe anchorage of the neighbouring Bay of Fraskia or at the island of Dia (Standia) (Fig. 57).2 The Bay of Fraskia, a natural harbour west of Candia, was quite often used by the ships travelling to the city. It is mentioned as a portus, a natural haven, in 1217, while it is characterised as a safe anchorage in nautical charts and portolans.3 The site must have been an important navigational landmark,","PeriodicalId":350116,"journal":{"name":"Shrines in a Fluid Space: The Shaping of New Holy Sites in the Ionian Islands, the Peloponnese and Crete under Venetian Rule (14th-16th Centuries)","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122681019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Entering the Ionian: The Island of Corfu","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/9789004499546_003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004499546_003","url":null,"abstract":"The small natural harbour of Kassiopi is located in the north-east of Corfu (Fig. 1). The area has been inhabited since the 4th or the 2nd century bc and it was a thriving city during the Roman period.3 The castle, which still lies in ruins on top of the hill above the port, was built on the debris of a Roman one in the Byzantine era, most probably during the 12th century, and was destroyed by the Venetians in 1386, when they occupied the port of Kassiopi.4 From the Early Christian period the church of the Virgin Kassopitra stood near the harbour, on a spot visible from the ships passing by (Fig. 2). The port and the church of the Virgin in Kassiopi are examined separately from the town of Corfu, not only because they are treated this way by the travellers and pilgrims, but also because of their importance in the pilgrims’ holy itinerary. Located 37 km away, and hardly accessible by land, and 18 nautical","PeriodicalId":350116,"journal":{"name":"Shrines in a Fluid Space: The Shaping of New Holy Sites in the Ionian Islands, the Peloponnese and Crete under Venetian Rule (14th-16th Centuries)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125418693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}