Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report最新文献_第4页

Outbreak of pertussis, 1 January to 31 March 2009. 2009年1月1日至3月31日百日咳爆发。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.7

Katrina Roper

引用次数: 0

An apparent recent decline in importations of dengue from Papua New Guinea into north Queensland. 最近从巴布亚新几内亚输入北昆士兰的登革热明显减少。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.6

Jeffrey N Hanna, Scofftt A Ritchie

引用次数: 0

Egg-associated Salmonella outbreak in an aged care facility, New South Wales, 2008. 2008年新南威尔士州一家老年护理机构爆发与鸡蛋有关的沙门氏菌疫情。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.11

April R Roberts-Witteveen, Brett A Campbell, Tony D Merritt, Peter D Massey, Craig T Shadbolt, David N Durrheim

{"title":"Egg-associated Salmonella outbreak in an aged care facility, New South Wales, 2008.","authors":"April R Roberts-Witteveen, Brett A Campbell, Tony D Merritt, Peter D Massey, Craig T Shadbolt, David N Durrheim","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2009.33.11","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2009.33.11","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonellosis is a bacterial disease that causes acute gastroenteritis, with sudden onset of headache, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea and sometimes vomiting. Infection is often associated with the consumption of foods prepared using raw eggs. During July to August 2008 an outbreak at an aged care facility (ACF) in New South Wales was confirmed as Salmonella Typhimurium phage type 44 (Stm 44) in eight of 45 residents. Two additional probable cases also occurred. Cases were located in each unit of the ACF and for 5 cases, onset of diarrhoea was between 45 to 64 hours (median of 46 hours) after consumption of a dessert containing raw eggs. Onset for 5 further cases occurred up to 9 days after this meal. Eggs were supplied to the ACF from a local farm. Stm 44 was detected on an egg in an unopened box at the ACF from this supplier. The raw-egg dessert was epidemiologically implicated as the likely source of the Salmonella and delayed onset cases may have resulted from ingestion of a smaller dose of Salmonella, or ongoing transmission through cross-contamination of kitchen machinery or surfaces. This outbreak demonstrates that inadequate cooking of eggs continues to pose a risk for Salmonella infection in settings with vulnerable populations. The findings of the investigation provide support for the importance of food safety regulations and demand further advocacy for measures to reduce the risks associated with the distribution, storage and preparation of shell eggs.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"49-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28392227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outbreaks of dengue in north Queensland, 1990-2008. 1990-2008年昆士兰州北部登革热疫情。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.5

Jeffrey N Hanna, Scott A Ritchie

引用次数: 0

Enhanced Q fever risk exposure surveillance may permit better informed vaccination policy. 加强Q热风险暴露监测可使疫苗接种政策更明智。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.9

Peter D Massey, Melissa Irwin, David N Durrheim

{"title":"Enhanced Q fever risk exposure surveillance may permit better informed vaccination policy.","authors":"Peter D Massey, Melissa Irwin, David N Durrheim","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2009.33.9","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2009.33.9","url":null,"abstract":"The association between farming risks and Q fever is not well documented in Australia. In a review of New South Wales notifications, data were analysed using 3-year study periods from 1993 to 2007 to investigate possible trends and explore reported risk exposures. A retrospective case series was also conducted using acute Q fever cases notified during 2007 from a rural area of New South Wales. Occupation was recorded for less than 50% of Q fever notifications in New South Wales during the study period. A significant decline in the proportion of notifications occurred in the occupational group reported as 'Abattoir/ Meat' worker and a significant increase occurred in the 'Farmer/Livestock' category. The case series found that in the month prior to illness onset 78% (42/54) reported direct contact with animals. In the month prior to becoming ill with Q fever 71% (31/51) of employed cases had contact with newly introduced livestock in their workplace. As a result of their Q fever illness 93% of cases required time off work or school, with a median of 21 days. At the time of the structured interviews 63% had not fully recovered. The epidemiology of Q fever disease in New South Wales has changed and amongst notified cases the relative importance of non-abattoir contact with livestock, wildlife or feral animals appears to be increasing. The surveillance field 'Occupation' no longer alone adequately describes risk exposure for many of the people notified with Q fever and a new field that better describes risk exposures is required. This may allow more finely tuned vaccination policy.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"41-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28392225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hepatitis A outbreak epidemiologically linked to a food handler in Melbourne, Victoria. 从流行病学角度来看，甲型肝炎的爆发与维多利亚州墨尔本的一名食品处理人员有关。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.10

Stacey L Rowe, Kirsten Tanner, Joy E Gregory

引用次数: 0

Outbreak of human metapneumovirus infection in a residential aged care facility. 某老年护理机构暴发人偏肺病毒感染。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.8

Maggi Osbourn, Kenneth A McPhie, V Mala Ratnamohan, Dominic E Dwyer, David N Durrheim

引用次数: 0

Vaccine failures and vaccine effectiveness in children during measles outbreaks in New South Wales, March-May 2006. 2006年3月至5月新南威尔士州麻疹暴发期间，儿童疫苗失效和疫苗有效性。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2009.33.3

Vicky Sheppeard, Bradley Forssman, Mark J Ferson, Conrad Moreira, Sue Campbell-Lloyd, Dominic E Dwyer, Jeremy M McAnulty

{"title":"Vaccine failures and vaccine effectiveness in children during measles outbreaks in New South Wales, March-May 2006.","authors":"Vicky Sheppeard, Bradley Forssman, Mark J Ferson, Conrad Moreira, Sue Campbell-Lloyd, Dominic E Dwyer, Jeremy M McAnulty","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2009.33.3","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2009.33.3","url":null,"abstract":"During March to May 2006 the highest incidence of measles in New South Wales since 1998 provided an opportunity to estimate the effectiveness of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination program in preventing childhood measles, and describe any differences in clinical presentation between vaccinated and unvaccinated children. We reviewed records of all 33 notified cases of measles in children aged 1-14 years during a state-wide outbreak in New South Wales from March - May 2006. Six of the children had a confirmed history of vaccination with at least 1 dose of MMR. The children with previous vaccination tended to have milder disease than those without vaccination as judged by their reported number of symptoms and hospitalisation rates. The vaccinated children were less likely to have a typical measles rash. Two of the cases in previously vaccinated children may be due to secondary vaccine failure, although a lack of complete diagnostic testing limits our ability to confirm this. Vaccine effectiveness after receiving at least 1 dose of MMR is estimated to be 96% (95% CI 77.8-99%). MMR vaccination was effective in preventing measles in children during these outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"21-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28315639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influenza immunisation of doctors at an Australian tertiary hospital: immunisation rate and factors contributing to uptake. 澳大利亚三级医院医生的流感免疫接种：免疫率和促进吸收的因素。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.43

Jonathan Kaufman, Joshua Davis, Vicki Krause

{"title":"Influenza immunisation of doctors at an Australian tertiary hospital: immunisation rate and factors contributing to uptake.","authors":"Jonathan Kaufman, Joshua Davis, Vicki Krause","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.43","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.43","url":null,"abstract":"Immunisation of health care workers against influenza reduces influenza-related morbidity and mortality of hospital inpatients and staff absenteeism. Uptake of influenza vaccination amongst hospital doctors is generally inadequate, and factors contributing to influenza vaccine uptake among doctors have not been well defined. We performed an audit of doctors at an Australian hospital to establish the rate of and the factors contributing to influenza immunisation uptake. The audit was conducted by delivering a survey to doctors for self-completion at major departmental meetings. Of 243 doctors employed at the hospital, 150 completed the survey (response rate 62%), of whom only 28% received influenza immunisation in 2007 and 44% in any prior year. Doctors immunised in 2007 were of an older age (39.1 vs. 34.7 years, P = 0.01) and level of seniority (odds ratio for consultant vs. more junior staff = 2.9, P = 0.02) than those not immunised. Doctors who had ever been immunised had a better knowledge about influenza than those never immunised (odds ratio for high knowledge score 4.2, P < 0.001). The most common reasons cited for not being immunised in 2007 were being too busy, immunisation not being offered conveniently and not being aware how to access the vaccine. Immunisation rates among doctors in this study are inadequate. A perceived lack of convenience of the immunisation service and poor knowledge about influenza vaccination are the major contributing factors. Efforts to improve influenza immunisation uptake amongst hospital doctors should focus on education, and on innovative strategies to make immunisation more convenient and accessible specifically for doctors.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"443-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28115535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An outbreak of Clostridium perfringens and the enforcement of food safety standards. 产气荚膜梭菌爆发及食品安全标准的执行。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.46

Megan K Young, Peta Smith, Jack Holloway, Rod P Davison

{"title":"An outbreak of Clostridium perfringens and the enforcement of food safety standards.","authors":"Megan K Young, Peta Smith, Jack Holloway, Rod P Davison","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.46","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.46","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation and management of a possible foodborne outbreak notified to the Brisbane Northside Population Health Unit aimed to determine the likely source of the outbreak and prevent the same scenario from recurring. Environmental health officers inspected the implicated premises and collected legal samples prior to the 1st outbreak control team meeting. Interview evidence was carefully documented. Inspection revealed large quantities of meat dishes being allowed to cool at room temperature overnight. Microbiological results implicated the meat dishes as a source of Clostridium perfringens, consistent with the cause of illness in notified cases. When educational measures failed to alter food handling practices, the restaurant owner was successfully prosecuted under the Food Act 2006. Education and voluntary compliance with food safety standards must form the foundation of sustainable behaviour change among food handlers. When these fail, prosecution is justified to mitigate the risk to public health. Immediate inspection, sampling left over food, and attention to formal interview technique and evidence collection can assist the investigation of outbreaks of foodborne illness and help to ensure any necessary court proceedings are a cost effective use of resources.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"462-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28115538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0