Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report最新文献_第5页

Recurring outbreaks of Salmonella typhimurium phage type 135 associated with the consumption of products containing raw egg in Tasmania. 在塔斯马尼亚州，与食用含有生鸡蛋的产品有关的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌噬菌体135型的反复暴发。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.47

Nicola Stephens, David Coleman, Kathleen Shaw

引用次数: 0

Pertussis in infants: how to protect the vulnerable? 婴儿百日咳：如何保护易感人群？

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.44

Lai-Man R Chuk, Stephen B Lambert, Meryta L May, Frank H Beard, Theo P Sloots, Christine E Selvey, Michael D Nissen

{"title":"Pertussis in infants: how to protect the vulnerable?","authors":"Lai-Man R Chuk, Stephen B Lambert, Meryta L May, Frank H Beard, Theo P Sloots, Christine E Selvey, Michael D Nissen","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.44","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.44","url":null,"abstract":"In terms of adverse outcomes, infants remain the group most vulnerable to severe pertussis disease. Adult household contact is thought to be the main source of transmission to infants. This study reviews exposure history, vaccination status, admission outcome and quality of discharge coding of hospitalised infants with pertussis at a tertiary paediatric hospital. We identified cases between 1997 and 2006 from 2 sources: hospital discharge coding and positive Bordetella pertussis results from the hospital laboratory database. We assessed the completeness of each of these sources, compared with the dataset of all identified cases. We identified 55 hospitalised infants with pertussis. The 35 cases (64%) less than 3 months of age had greater risk of Intensive Care Unit admission, higher mortality, and were more likely to have parents as an identified source. On admission, only 5 cases (9%) were more than 2 weeks overdue for their previous scheduled pertussis vaccination. Discharge coding was more sensitive for identifying cases than the laboratory database. Nine cases (16%) had incorrect discharge coding. Even infants up to date for pertussis vaccine can have severe disease requiring hospitalisation. Immunising parents planning to have, or who have had, a newborn baby may help to prevent pertussis in infants.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"449-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28115536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program annual report, 2007/08. 澳大利亚轮状病毒监测方案年度报告，2007/08。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.40

Carl D Kirkwood, David Cannan, Karen Boniface, Ruth F Bishop, Graeme L Barnes

{"title":"Australian Rotavirus Surveillance Program annual report, 2007/08.","authors":"Carl D Kirkwood, David Cannan, Karen Boniface, Ruth F Bishop, Graeme L Barnes","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.40","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.40","url":null,"abstract":"The National Rotavirus Reference Centre together with collaborating laboratories Australia-wide conducts a laboratory based rotavirus surveillance program. This report describes the types of rotavirus strains responsible for the hospitalisation of children with acute gastroenteritis during the period 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2008, the first complete year of surveillance following introduction of rotavirus into the National Immunisation Program. Six hundred faecal samples from across Australia were examined using a combined approach of monoclonal antibody immunoassays and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Of the 419 confirmed as rotavirus positive, serotype G1 was the dominant serotype nationally, representing 52% of specimens, followed by serotype G2 (19.8%), serotype G9 (12.2%), and serotype G3 (11%). No serotype G4 strains were identified. All G1, G3 and G9 strains assayed for P genotype contained the P[8] genotype, while all G2 strains contained the P[4] genotype, except one G2 strain which possessed a P[8]. Uncommon rotavirus genotypes, G8 (n = 2) and P[9] (n = 2) were identified during this study period. There was no evidence of unexpected changes in serotype distribution during the first 12 months of rotavirus vaccine use in the National Immunisation Program.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"425-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28115532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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OzFoodNet quarterly report, 1 July to 30 September 2008. OzFoodNet 2008年7月1日至9月30日季度报告

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.48

引用次数: 0

Annual report: surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia, 2007. 年度报告：2007年澳大利亚免疫接种后不良事件监测。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.37

Glenda Lawrence, Michael S Gold, Richard Hill, Shelley Deeks, Amy Glasswell, Peter B McIntyre

{"title":"Annual report: surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia, 2007.","authors":"Glenda Lawrence, Michael S Gold, Richard Hill, Shelley Deeks, Amy Glasswell, Peter B McIntyre","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.37","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.37","url":null,"abstract":"This report summarises Australian passive surveillance data for adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) reported to the Therapeutic Goods Administration for 2007, and describes reporting trends over the 8-year period 2000 to 2007. There were 1,538 AEFI records for vaccines administered in 2007. This is an annual AEFI reporting rate of 7.3 per 100,000 population, the highest since 2003 and an 85% increase compared with 2006 (835 AEFI records; 4.0 records per 100,000 population). The increase was almost entirely due to reports following the commencement of the national 3-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine program for females aged 12 to 26 years in April 2007 (n = 705 reports) and the national infant rotavirus vaccine program in July 2007 (n = 72 reports). AEFI reporting rates in 2007 were 2.3 per 100,000 administered doses of influenza vaccine for adults aged > or = 18 years, 18.6 per 100,000 administered doses of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for those aged > or = 65 years and 12.7 per 100,000 administered doses of scheduled vaccines for children aged < 7 years. The majority of the 1,538 AEFI reports for 2007 described non-serious events while 9% (n = 141) were classified as serious. Two deaths temporally associated with immunisation were reported; there was no evidence to suggest a causal association. The most significant AEFI reported following HPV vaccine were anaphylaxis (n = 11) and convulsion (n = 18), mostly associated with syncope. The most commonly reported reactions were allergic reaction, injection site reaction, headache and nausea. The data confirm that, despite the low rate of AEFI reporting in Australia, the passive surveillance system is sufficiently robust to detect safety signals which are expected following changes in the immunisation program, allowing these to be investigated further.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"371-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28115593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit annual report, 2007. 澳大利亚儿科监测单位年度报告，2007年。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.41

Yvonne A Zurynski, Deepika Mahajan, Elizabeth J Elliott

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Interim estimates of human papillomavirus vaccination coverage in the school-based program in Australia. 澳大利亚校本计划中人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种覆盖率的中期估计。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.45

Julia M L Brotherton, Shelley L Deeks, Sue Campbell-Lloyd, Avner Misrachi, Irene Passaris, Karen Peterson, Helen Pitcher, Megan Scully, Maureen Watson, Rosalind Webby

{"title":"Interim estimates of human papillomavirus vaccination coverage in the school-based program in Australia.","authors":"Julia M L Brotherton, Shelley L Deeks, Sue Campbell-Lloyd, Avner Misrachi, Irene Passaris, Karen Peterson, Helen Pitcher, Megan Scully, Maureen Watson, Rosalind Webby","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.45","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.45","url":null,"abstract":"In November 2006, the Australian Government announced the National HPV Vaccination Program, consisting of a course of prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine for all Australian females aged 12-26 years. Females aged 12-18 years are vaccinated through school-based programs. The school-based component commenced in April 2007, with the school years targeted varying across jurisdictions. Each jurisdiction maintains comprehensive records of HPV doses delivered in the school-based programs although how this is captured varies. This report presents interim coverage estimates for Year 1 (2007) of the program. Both New South Wales and Victoria achieved coverage of 70% or more among almost all school cohorts vaccinated in the program. Some of the variation in coverage achieved may reflect different levels of experience with school-based programs, and varying methods for school-based vaccine delivery and recording of doses administered. Except for some doses in South Australia, these interim coverage estimates do not include catch-up doses delivered by general practitioners or persons who were vaccinated prior to the onset of the program. Therefore, these data should be considered minimum estimates of coverage. The 1st year of the school-based HPV vaccination program should be considered a success, given time and resource constraints. Public sector immunisation providers across Australia should be commended for planning and implementing a new national immunisation program in approximately 4 months.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"457-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28115537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prospective surveillance of excess mortality due to influenza in New South Wales: feasibility and statistical approach. 对新南威尔士州流感造成的超额死亡率的前瞻性监测：可行性和统计方法。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.42

David J Muscatello, Patricia M Morton, Ingrid Evans, Robin Gilmour

{"title":"Prospective surveillance of excess mortality due to influenza in New South Wales: feasibility and statistical approach.","authors":"David J Muscatello, Patricia M Morton, Ingrid Evans, Robin Gilmour","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.42","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.42","url":null,"abstract":"Influenza is a serious disease that seasonally causes varying but substantial morbidity and mortality. Therefore, strong, rapid influenza surveillance systems are a priority. Surveillance of the population mortality burden of influenza is difficult because few deaths have laboratory confirmation of infection. Serfling developed a statistical time series model to estimate excess deaths due to influenza. Based on this approach we trialled weekly monitoring of excess influenza mortality. Weekly, certified death information was loaded into a database and aggregated to provide a time series of the proportion of all deaths that mention pneumonia or influenza on the death certificate. A robust regression model was fitted to the time series up to the end of the previous calendar year and used to forecast the current year's mortality. True and false alarm rates were used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of alternative thresholds signifying excess mortality. Between 1 January 2002 and 9 November 2007, there were 279,968 deaths registered in New South Wales, of which 77% were among people aged 65 years or more. Over this period 33,213 (12%) deaths were classified as pneumonia and influenza. A threshold of 1.2 standard deviations highlighted excess mortality when influenza was circulating while providing an acceptable false alarm rate at other times of the year. Prospective and reasonably rapid monitoring of excess mortality due to influenza in an Australian setting is feasible. The modelling approach allows health departments to make a more objective assessment of the severity of seasonal influenza and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"435-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28115534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monitoring the incidence and causes of diseases potentially transmitted by food in Australia: annual report of the OzFoodNet Network, 2007. 监测澳大利亚可能通过食物传播的疾病的发病率和原因：2007年OzFoodNet网络的年度报告。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.39

Kathleen Fullerton

{"title":"Monitoring the incidence and causes of diseases potentially transmitted by food in Australia: annual report of the OzFoodNet Network, 2007.","authors":"Kathleen Fullerton","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.39","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.39","url":null,"abstract":"In 2007, OzFoodNet sites reported 27,332 notifications of 8 diseases or conditions that are commonly transmitted by food. The most frequently notified infections were Campylobacter (16,984 notifications) and Salmonella (9,484 notifications). Public health authorities provided complete serotype and phage type information on 96% of all Salmonella infections in 2007. The most common Salmonella serotype notified in Australia during 2007 was Salmonella Typhimurium, and the most common phage type was Salmonella Typhimurium 135. During 2007, OzFoodNet sites reported 1,882 outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness; the majority of these were spread person to person but included those transmitted by contaminated food. In total, these outbreaks affected 37,474 people and resulted in 1,034 people being admitted to hospital. During these outbreaks there were 114 deaths reported. Food was suspected or confirmed as the mode of transmission for 149 of these outbreaks, which affected 2,290 persons, hospitalised 266 persons and 5 deaths were reported during these outbreaks. For these foodborne outbreaks, S. Typhimurium was the most common aetiological agent and restaurants were the most common setting where foods were prepared. Twenty-four of these foodborne outbreaks were related to the consumption of eggs; the majority (n = 22) of these outbreaks were due to various phage types of S. Typhimurium. This report summarises the incidence of disease potentially transmitted by food in Australia and details outbreaks associated with various food vehicles in 2007. These data assist agencies to identify emerging disease, develop food safety policies, and prevent foodborne illness.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"400-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28118345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Annual report of the Australian National Poliovirus Reference Laboratory, 2007. 澳大利亚国家脊髓灰质炎病毒参考实验室2007年年度报告。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2008-09-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2008.32.31

Jason A Roberts, Kristina A Grant, Aishah Ibrahim, Bruce R Thorley

{"title":"Annual report of the Australian National Poliovirus Reference Laboratory, 2007.","authors":"Jason A Roberts, Kristina A Grant, Aishah Ibrahim, Bruce R Thorley","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.31","DOIUrl":"10.33321/cdi.2008.32.31","url":null,"abstract":"In July 2007, wild poliovirus type 1 was isolated from a patient suffering poliomyelitis in Melbourne, Australia with onset in Pakistan. The imported case of polio demonstrates the ongoing risk faced by polio-free countries until the global certification of polio eradication. The poliovirus was detected by the National Poliovirus Reference Laboratory (NPRL) for Australia; accredited by the World Health Organization (WHO). The NPRL acts as the national laboratory for the Pacific Islands, Brunei Darussalam and Papua New Guinea. Additionally, the NPRL functions as a regional reference laboratory for the WHO Western Pacific Region. The NPRL, in collaboration with the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, co-ordinates surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), a major clinical presentation of poliovirus infection. After classification of AFP cases by the Polio Expert Committee, the non-polio AFP rate for Australia in 2007 was 0.65 per 100,000 children aged less than 15 years, below the performance indicator of 1.0 per 100,000 set by the WHO. Adequate faecal sample collection totalled 48% (13/27) of eligible AFP notifications, below the 80% performance indicator recommended by the WHO. During 2007, 119 specimens were referred to the NPRL, 70 from AFP cases and 49 from other sources, including contacts of the wild poliovirus importation, all negative for poliovirus infection. Coxsackievirus A4 was isolated from 1 case and adenovirus from 2 cases. During 2007, 1313 cases of poliomyelitis due to wild poliovirus infection were reported world-wide: 1207 occurring in the 4 remaining polio endemic countries and 106 cases reported in 5 non-endemic countries.","PeriodicalId":350023,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":" ","pages":"308-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27884724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0