Crystal Growth & Design最新文献

{"title":"Self-Structural Regulation-Oriented Adjustable Optical Properties of SrGa2Si2O8: Mn2+, Cr3+ toward Anticounterfeiting, Encryption, and Optical Thermometry Applications","authors":"Biao Xu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Wanyuan Li,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chengyu Ni,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Wubin Dai*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01122","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Unlike static anticounterfeiting that is easily replicated, dynamic multimode photoluminescence (PL) technology has a brighter application prospect in anticounterfeiting/encryption. Yet, the majority of dynamic PL phosphors currently still rely solely on the optical storage mechanism, resulting in a scarcity of diversification, and can easily be decoded. Herein, a series of SrGa₂Si₂O₈: Mn²⁺/Cr³⁺ (SGS: Mn/Cr), synthesized via a facile solid-state reaction, is designed to explore interrelationships among entangled changes in the host structure, crystallographic site occupancy, dynamic multimode PL, and multiapplications in anticounterfeiting, encryption, and optical thermometry, based on theoretical calculations and experimental analyses. Although pristine SGS only provides 7(Sr)- and 4(Ga, Si)-fold sites for dopants to occupy, highly efficient characteristic broadband red-NIR emission at ∼765 nm from Cr³⁺ in 6-fold crystallographic position is obtained as a result of fine-tuning of the local site from [GaO₄] to [Ga(Cr)O₆] and the close ionic radius in the same valence. Based on the spectral superposition of Mn²⁺ simultaneously from [Ga(Mn)O₄], [Sr(Mn)O₇], and Mn–Mn dimers, broadband PL in the green region with a summit of ∼530 nm is gained. The green- and red-NIR afterglows from Mn²⁺ and Cr³⁺ with wide and continuous multiple traps are also studied. Owing to the combined PL from the codoped SGS: Mn/Cr, which shows strong correlations with excitation wavelength, doping content, composition, temperature, and detecting time, dynamic multimode PL is realized under distinct test conditions, and the corresponding applications are achieved in the laboratory. This study gives new cogitations in structural adaptabilities for Cr-activated phosphors and their related actual applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"8300–8311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Facile-Synthesized Cyan-Emitting Copper(I) Halide Hybrid Phosphor for 410 nm-Driven pc-WLEDs","authors":"Shifeng Pan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Haibo Li*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jiali Fan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jialin Zhu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chen Su,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Zhennan Zhou,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Long Jiang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Wei Liu*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Gangfeng Ouyang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01078","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The lack of efficient cyan phosphors (470–510 nm) activated by 410 nm LED chips poses a significant challenge in realizing full-spectrum and healthy lighting. In this work, a novel cyan-emitting organic–inorganic copper(I) halide hybrid phosphor, <b>CuI(mmt-pz)</b> (mmt-pz = 2-methyl-3-(methylthio)pyrazine), is facilely synthesized using CuI and a pyrazine derivative. This phosphor has a relatively wide cyan emission band at around 450–650 nm, a photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) of 36.6% under 425 nm excitation, and an external quantum yield (EQY) of 27.8%. The study of the luminescent mechanism reveals that its luminescence involves a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) process. When applied to phosphor-converted white LEDs (pc-WLEDs), <b>CuI(mmt-pz)</b> effectively bridges the cyan gap, enhancing the color rendering index (CRI) from 89.0 to 93.9 and even up to 95.2. This work presents a promising cyan phosphor with great application potential in high-quality, full-spectrum lighting.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"8271–8277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive MnO2 Nanowire Template-Assisted Synthesis of Tubular Mn-Based Polypyrrole Composites for High-Performance Oxidase-like Catalysis","authors":"Jianxue Zhao,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jingli Xu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xue-Bo Yin,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Min Zhang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00984","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of bioinspired nanozymes with tailored activities and structural versatility remains a critical challenge in advanced enzyme-mimetic systems. Herein, we demonstrate a facile one-step hydrothermal approach for constructing one-dimensional (1D) tubular Mn-based polypyrrole (PPy) hybrid architectures using MnO₂ nanowires (NWs) as dual-function templates and oxidative polymerization agents. This strategy enables precise control over compositional gradients and morphological evolution, where hydrothermal temperature emerges as a critical parameter governing the compositional and structural transformation from MnO₂ NWs to MnOOH, Mn₃O₄, and MnCO₃ nanorods embedded within conductive PPy nanotubes. Consequently, the optimized Mn₃O₄-based composites exhibit remarkably enhanced oxidase-mimicking activity, achieving great improvement in catalytic efficiency. Owing to this superior oxidase-like performance, a highly sensitive cysteine sensing platform was constructed. This work establishes a modular platform for designing hybrid nanozymes by integrating structural directionality (1D tubular architecture) with compositional tunability (metal oxide–polymer interfaces), offering promising opportunities in biosensing, environmental remediation, and energy-related catalytic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"8172–8180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymorphs and Solvates of Pinoxaden: Crystal Structures and Phase Transformation Analysis","authors":"Chengli Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Wenchao Yang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yiting Chen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jinyang Li,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Niu,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jingxiang Yang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00690","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Solid form development in herbicides is a promising method to enhance herbicidal activity and minimize environmental impact. Pinoxaden (PXD) is a selective herbicide commonly used for the control of grass weeds in cereal crops, yet its solid form landscape remains unknown. Herein, four novel solid forms of PXD including two polymorphs (Form II and Form III) and two solvates (ethylene glycol solvate S_EG, acetic acid solvate S_AA) were discovered. The crystal structures of Form II and the two solvates were solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The molecular conformations and packing patterns vary significantly due to the molecular flexibility of PXD and the incorporation of solvent molecules. All interactions in Form I and Form II are weak intermolecular forces, whereas hydrogen bonding between PXD and ethylene glycol or acetic acid results in the formation of trimeric and dimeric structures in S_EG and S_AA, respectively. Moreover, the stability and phase transformation relationships were investigated for these solid forms. These findings offer basic knowledge of PXD solid form landscape and highlight the potential for discovering additional solid forms of long-standing herbicides, paving the way for the development of desired solid forms with improved properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"8047–8059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrophobicity of Rare Earth Oxides: Contrasting Perspectives and Emerging Insights","authors":"Jayna K. Patel,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ivan P. Parkin,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Claire J. Carmalt*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01025","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The wettability of rare earth oxides (REOs) including the lanthanide series, scandium, and yttrium has become a subject of increasing interest and debate. While many studies report hydrophobic behavior with high water contact angles, emerging evidence indicates that pristine REO surfaces are intrinsically hydrophilic, and that hydrophobicity arises primarily from extrinsic surface contamination by volatile organic compounds. This perspective examines the contrasting viewpoints on REO surface wettability, integrating insights from surface structure, electronic configuration, and environmental interactions. We evaluate how factors such as crystal orientation, defect density, and chemical bonding influence water–surface interactions and contribute to the dynamic nature of REO hydrophobicity. Particular attention is given to recent findings that link hydrocarbon adsorption to changes in surface energy, and to how synthesis and surface modification techniques can tailor wettability. This evolving understanding has broad implications for applications in catalysis, biomedicine, coatings, and energy. We propose that future research should focus on isolating intrinsic surface properties from environmental effects to achieve precise control over REO wettability.</p><p >Recent studies suggest that pristine rare earth oxide (REO) surfaces are intrinsically hydrophilic, and that the adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may lead to their apparent hydrophobicity. This perspective examines the structural, electronic, and environmental factors influencing REO wettability.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"7869–7879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal Growth Kinetics of GeSe2 Polymorphs in Bulk Glasses and Thin Films: Role of Self-Diffusion and Viscosity","authors":"David Vaculík*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jaroslav Barták,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Simona Martinková,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Petr Koštál,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jiri Málek,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01063","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The knowledge of transport properties (viscosity and self-diffusion) and the knowledge of crystal growth of different polymorphs in amorphous materials prepared in different forms provide important information for the preparation, processing, and utilization of these materials. This article is the first study of the direct observation of crystal growth rates in amorphous GeSe₂ bulk samples and thin films. The study contains a detailed analysis of viscosity and crystal growth in amorphous GeSe₂ samples (bulks and thin films), revealing also information about the self-diffusion process. Two polymorphs of GeSe₂ crystals (low temperature─LT, and high temperature─HT) grew in GeSe₂ bulk glasses. In the thermal evaporated film, only LT-GeSe₂ was found. Nevertheless, the crystals in thin films grew far below the glass transition temperature. To properly analyze and describe the crystal growth kinetics, viscosity data were obtained using a thermomechanical analyzer and a nanoindentation system. A combination of crystal growth data and viscosities provides information about the size and transport speed (self-diffusion) of structural units incorporated into the GeSe₂ crystals.</p><p >This work investigates the viscosity, diffusion, and crystal growth rates in bulk and thin film samples of GeSe₂ amorphous glass. The connection between measured data offers key insights into crystal growth dynamics and self-diffusion processes within the studied materials. The relation between crystal growth rates and self-diffusion coefficients in GeSe₂ shows significant similarity to that observed in molecular systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"8232–8240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c01063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Origin of Strong Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in a Ferromagnetic Fe3GaTe2 Monolayer","authors":"Xiaobo Shi*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Na Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yihang Bai,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Heyang Yuan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jinjin Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Bing Wang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00977","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Magnetic anisotropy is pivotal for stabilizing ferromagnetic (FM) order against thermal fluctuations in two-dimensional (2D) systems. Motivated by the recent synthesis of the Fe₃GaTe₂ monolayer, we systematically investigate the origin of its strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) through first-principles calculations. Our results reveal that the robust PMA─persistent under external perturbations─originates from spin–orbit coupling (SOC)-driven hybridization between occupied and unoccupied p_<i>x</i>/p_<i>y</i> orbitals of Te atoms, with additional contributions from magnetic dipole–dipole interactions. Furthermore, dynamic stability (validated by phonon dispersion spectra), thermal stability (confirmed via ab initio molecular dynamics simulations), and mechanical stability (supported by elastic constants) collectively demonstrate the material’s structural robustness. These findings provide fundamental insights into the microscopic mechanisms governing the magnetic anisotropy in 2D magnetic materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"8165–8171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luminescence Switching and Thermoresponsive Actuation in a Thiophene–Carbazide-Based Molecular Crystal","authors":"Diotima Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Mainak Bose,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ahmad Husain,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Manas K. Panda*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00953","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Stimuli-responsive dynamic crystals, capable of revealing macroscopic responses to assorted varieties of stimuli such as light of various wavelengths, pressure, electricity, heat, and humidity, are an emerging class of smart materials compatible with designing actuators, soft robots, machinery devices, sensors, and more. It is thus an arduous endeavor to develop multistimuli-responsive dynamic actuators that can display multifaceted property changes by varying external stimuli. In this work, we report a thiophene-carbazide-based organic crystal (<b>TME)</b> that exhibits thermoresponsive actuation and solid-state luminescence switching in the presence of various stimuli. With the aid of single-crystal XRD, PXRD, DSC, and theoretical studies on intermolecular interactions, we establish that thermoresponsive actuation is due to thermosalient phase transition, whereas fluorescence switching is rooted in an order–disorder phase transition in the solid state.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"8157–8164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-breakage Crystal Regeneration: Multiple Breakage Sites, Growth Kinetics, and Effects on Mass Production","authors":"Deniz Etit,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Isha Bade,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Clement T. T. Tan,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jerry Y. Y. Heng*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00806","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Post-breakage crystal growth is obscure. Recently, form I paracetamol (PCM) crystals, broken to expose their internal cleavage plane (010), grew back into their original shapes through “regeneration.” This work reports on regeneration in crystals with multiple breakage sites, regeneration growth kinetics, and regeneration’s process optimization potential. Single PCM crystals with two breakage sites grew into their original shapes in ethanol, with a rate twice that of crystals with one breakage site. In a surface integration-limited regime, PCM regeneration in ethanol followed the kinetic equation <i>G</i> = (34.1 ms^–1) exp (−38.2 kJmol^–1/<i>RT</i>)(<i>S</i> – 1)^1.80. With a higher pre-exponential factor and lower activation energy, regeneration is indicated to proceed significantly faster than regular growth across different temperatures and concentrations. A modified “two-crystal” setup enabled the comparison of mass growth rates between regenerating and unbroken crystals during PCM evaporative crystallization in acetone, evaporative crystallization in ethanol, and isothermal crystallization in ethanol. In these cases, regenerating crystals grew faster by 36 ± 8 wt %, 75 ± 19 wt %, and 94 ± 34 wt %, respectively. Projections to multi-crystal systems indicated that crystallization processing times could be lowered by up to 42%, 60%, and 65% for the respective cases. These findings offer improvements for crystallization process modeling and optimization.</p><p >This experimental study investigates postbreakage crystal regeneration of form I paracetamol (PCM) in ethanol and acetone. PCM with two breakage sites regenerated at a rate twice that of one-site regeneration. PCM regeneration kinetics in ethanol were formulated, indicating significantly faster rates than unbroken crystal growth. A modified “two-crystal” setup showcased enhanced mass growth via regeneration, promising to improve crystallization processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"8073–8080"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometrical Selection in an Array of Ice Crystals: A Comparison with Two-Dimensional Models","authors":"Dmitry A. Vorontsov*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Gen Sazaki,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Furukawa,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Evgeniia K. Titaeva,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ekaterina L. Kim,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Dong Liang,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Yanhua Lei,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00275","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The tilt angle θ and the azimuthal angle α of the crystallographic <i>c</i> axes of ice crystals grown in a thin water layer were determined by using a cross-polarized transmission microscope and the birefringent properties of ice crystals. Ice microcrystals originated from ice grains obtained by mass crystallization of supercooled water inside a channel between two glass slides. The experimentally found two-angle distribution <i>N</i>(α, θ) of crystal orientations that remained after the process of cooperative growth exhibits some peculiarities that are not predicted by known two-dimensional (2D) models of geometrical selection: (1) Instead of a single peak at zero angles α and θ, <i>N</i>(α, θ) has coupled peaks shifted toward larger angles. We successfully explained this behavior by the effect of the thickening of ice crystals in the <i>c</i> direction during their cooperative growth. In contrast, the previous 2D models consider crystals as ideally thin needles which do not grow in the transverse direction. (2) The selectivity of the <i>c</i> axis orientations depends more on the increase of the α angle than on θ. <i>N</i>(α, θ) shows high values over a wide range of θ from 0° up to 70°, which is not taken into account by the 2D models considering needle-shaped or one-dimensional crystals. In this case, turning the crystal by an angle θ means rotating the needle around its longitudinal axis. This does not actually change the crystal orientation in the 2D space. We also found that the ice–water interfaces at 0 °C of the grown crystals mainly consisted of the bipyramidal surfaces, although individual ice crystals exhibited different values of α and θ. The appearance of crystals with the prismatic and basal surfaces at the interface was less probable.</p>","PeriodicalId":34,"journal":{"name":"Crystal Growth & Design","volume":"25 19","pages":"7919–7932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}